关键词: 系统工程, 方向模糊可视域, 元胞自动机, 行人流疏散, 视野半径, 疏散效率

Abstract:

This paper defines the direction fuzzy visual field to modify the floor field cellular automata model. When a pedestrian choosing the next target position, his behavior is affected by the shortest distance from the pedestrians to the target position, the repulsive force and the attractive force between pedestrians in direction fuzzy visual field. It simulates the scenes of a single exit and four exits in the condition of pedestrian's uniform distribution. Simulation results indicate that the model does not have to rely on the influence coefficient of every factor. Therefore, it avoids the subjectivity and the limitations of evacuation system in the process of making these factors. And the model can effectively present the macroscopic selforganization phenomena of pedestrian flow, such as jamming and clogging, a phenomenon of double trailing, etc. Moreover, if pedestrians can keep a moderate radius of view in direction fuzzy visual field, it should effectively improve the evacuation efficiency of pedestrian flow. The present study is helpful for devising evacuation strategies and schemes in buildings that are similar to the pedestrian flow.

Key words: systems engineering, direction fuzzy visual field, cellular automata, pedestrian flow evacuation, radius of view, evacuation efficiency