Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

Development of the Metropolis Oriented Comprehensive Transportation System

ZHANG Guo-wu

2008, 8(2): 1-11 .

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The issue of the 10th Conference of “Traffic and transportation Forum 7+1” is around the metropolis oriented comprehensive transportation system. Exploring the characteristics of passenger and freight transportation, structure of comprehensive transportation system in metropolis and its developing strategy, the conference studies the transport development and land resources utilization, mode selection of saving and harmonious transportation system, urban spatial layout and multi-modal transportation hub, existing problems in transportation investment and management, and challenges in the future. Taking Beijing and Shanghai as examples and summarizing the experience and lessons of metropolis in other countries, it proposed the developing mode and general rules of metropolis oriented comprehensive transportation system. The related theory, model, and technique are also discussed. This conference investigated the significance of development of the metropolis oriented comprehensive transportation system both form the theory study and actual application.

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Developing the Producer Services to Start a New Enging for Economic Growth

SHEN Jin-sheng

2008, 8(2): 12-18 .

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In recent years, the producer services have developed rapidly in the developed countries and some developing countries. Besides, its strong effects on economy growth have attracted all nations’ attention. Beginning with the rate of the producer services in GDP, promoting industrial upgrade, optimizing the economic structure, promoting employment, the vital impetus function on urban and regional development is analyzed. Then, on the basis of the characteristics and growth causes of the producer services, and its interaction with the manufacturing industry, the development trend of the producer services is summarized. The basis and existing problems of the producer services developing in Beijing are analyzed in this paper. Finally, we put forward some meaningful suggestions related to the producer services of Beijing from stimulating production demand, upgrade producer services supply capacity and optimizing the market environment.

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Travel Behavior Analysis of the Female in Beijing

ZHANG Meng,SUN Quan-xin,CHEN Jin-chuan,GUO Ji-fu

2008, 8(2): 19-26 .

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In urban life, compared with the same age group of male contrast, the statistical indicators of female travel behavior show significant differences. According to the sample data of Beijing 2005 travel survey, the paper analyzes the female travel behavior in the travel rate, travel consumption, trip purpose, and travel mode. Furthermore, the paper introduces the concept of the trip chain, to construct a female morning commuter trip chain choice behavior model with noncollection theories and methods, to analyze 10 factors that influence a female individual’s choice of a trip chain from the source. Subsequently, model parameters are estimated, to calculate the incidents that can help to quantitatively understand the impact of each factor on a female’s choice of the trip chain. The results show that the travel rate of elderly women is far lower than that of elderly men. Female travel proportion in shopping and social activities is obviously higher than that of male travelers, and factors related to the structure of families create important constraints in their average travel time consumption. The main travel mode of the female is walking, which is far more than that of a male. Age, whether they hold licenses, monthly income, and transport ownership are dominant factors for the female’s choice of the trip chain.

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Readjustment Effect Analysis of Public Bus Networkin Beijing

LI Qiang,WANG Yun-jing,ZHOU Yang

2008, 8(2): 27-33 .

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To prioritize the issue of public bus development, a series of systematic reforms are being implemented in Beijing. Based on the evaluation of the public bus network in Beijing at the beginning of 2006, the paper has applied geographic information system (GIS) technology to analyze the readjustment effect of public bus network until August 2007, when five sets of public bus line adjustments were completed. The indexes such as the line length, network density, repetition coefficient, nonlinear coefficient, stop density, average distance between stops, and stop coverage were selected, to reveal the characteristics and the existing problems of the present public bus network. The results help to further optimize programs for improving the public bus efficiency.

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PLC Control Program Design for Signalized Intersections

Hu Chun-ping,Liu Guang-ping

2008, 8(2): 34-38 .

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PLC (programmable logic controller) is an important method and basic equipment in industrial control. The paper describes the advantages of traffic control system with PLC, and presents the design procedure of PLC traffic signal control system. According to the realistic control requirement of urban road signalized intersections, with the Panasonic FPX-C30 PLC, the paper describes the pass through states of antagonistic vehicle streams at signalized intersections and sets forth the design procedure and programming method of PLC control program under different phase sequence.

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Implementation of Heterogeneous Video Transcoding for Highway Online Monitoring System

YAN Su,CHEN Qi-mei, FANG Huai-dong

2008, 8(2): 39-42 .

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In this paper, the development of road video monitoring system and video transcoding are introduced generally, and the realization approach about heterogeneous video transcoding server based on H.264 is also given. In addition, the mechanism and modules of transcoding server are described, the implementation of task dispatch and transcoding modules are brought forward. Such key technologies as data processing in interprocess communication and video data network transmission are also analyzed in the paper. Adopting CPDT architecture, the transcending system is realized by using technologies such as multithread dispatch management, share memory and circle buffering. And it has already been successfully applied in the highway monitoring system of Jiangsu Province.

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Real-time Traffic Signal Control and Simulation Based on Neural Networks

LIU Hong-hong,YANG Zhao-sheng

2008, 8(2): 43-47 .

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Real-time traffic signal control is an integral part of the urban traffic control system. Based on the earlier research works, this paper adopts the multiagent distributed control technology to solve the complicated traffic signal control problems. The flow chart of traffic control based on multi-agent is designed and the modified traffic control models based on the Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation Algorithm/neural networks are presented. The models update weights of neural networks by using simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm. This method overcomes the drawbacks of the existing control methods which need large amount of data and precise mathematical models. A comprehensive simulation model of a section of the district of Chang Chun city has been developed by using microscopic simulation programs, the promising results demonstrate the efficacy of the modified models in solving large scale traffic signal control problems.

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An Analytical Approach to Evaluating Transit Signal Priority

LIU Hong-chao, ZHANG Jie,CHENG Ding-xin

2008, 8(2): 48-57 .

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Successful deployment of transit signal priority (TSP) systems requires thorough laboratory evaluation before field implementation. Traffic simulation is a powerful tool in this regard; however, it requires tremendous efforts toward network coding, data collection and model calibration. Besides, simulation models tend to be project specific and the models developed for one project are often discarded upon the completion of that project. In this paper, it is shown that the impacts of two fundamental TSP strategies (early green and extended green) can be evaluated using an analytical approach. The impacts of the above two strategies on both the prioritized and the non-prioritized approaches are illustrated using graphical as well as analytical methods. A simulation study is then conducted for comparison analyses, followed by a statistical approach for the test of generality.

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Quantitative Analysis of Impact of Bicycles on Vehicles in Urban Mixed Traffic

JIA Shun-ping,PENG Hong-qin,GUO Jin-yi,CHEN Hai-bo

2008, 8(2): 58-63 .

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Bicycles create obvious impact on motor vehicles’ behavior on urban road especially in China with mixed traffic. These influences can be divided into two states: friction and block interference. Based on the data of interference of bicycles on vehicles’ driving in typical road section in Beijing, this paper quantitatively analyzes the velocity changing tendency of vehicles under different interference, velocity distribution frequency, and critical transformation of different interference state. The friction and block interference coefficients are also worked out, which are useful to compare interference degrees under different road conditions. As a result, the research based on sample data shows that the velocity distribution of vehicles has different characteristics under different interference state, and vehicles driving velocities are significantly different under the friction interference and block interference.

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High Efficient Route Planning Algorithm Based on Traffic Constraints

Yang Dong-kai,Chen Zhi-yu,Wu Jin-pei,Xu Ai-gong

2008, 8(2): 64-68 .

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This paper analyzes the characteristics of route planning with traffic constraints. It explores the route planning algorithm from both the algorithm modifications and modeling modifications. Meanwhile, based on the elaborate analysis of Dijkstra algorithm steps and dual method, this paper discusses the mathematic model with traffic constraints and the relative theorem on road network. In addition, the traditional Dijkstra algorithm is modified for the node searching and link marking rule during the planning process. Furthermore, a high efficient algorithm is proposed with consideration of traffic constraints. It decreases the computation time through decreasing the searching nodes and link marking times. The simulation result indicates that the computation complexity the presented algorithm is 1/3-1/4 of the dual method.

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Statistical Properties of Individual Choice Behaviors on Urban Traffic Networks

WU Jian-jun,GAO Zi-you,SUN Hui-jun

2008, 8(2): 69-74 .

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Many transportation processes and behaviors, from traffic flow movement to crowd stampede and natural fluxion, are related to the action of agents. We have investigated and quantified the interplay between topologies and the individual behavior modes (unselfish and selfish) in equilibrium urban traffic networks. In this paper, the unselfish and selfish behavior correspond to the system optimal (SO) and user equilibrium (UE) in the traffic assignment. A significant finding is that the fractions of flow for two cases are constants in the minimum spanning tree where a large number of transport task is shouldered. Additionally, we find that the upper bound of unselfish is limited and ordinal for different network topologies which, therefore, indicates large investment on SO is not an effective method to alleviate the traffic congestion caused by selfish behavior. Surprisingly, we report the phase transition from free traffic to congestion and derive a general scaling relationship between the congestion and the flow in arbitrary network topologies suggesting that the result may be practically useful for designing urban traffic networks.

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Neuro-fuzzy Network Control of Freeway On-Ramp Based on GA-BP

FAN Xiao-ping, ZHANG Guo-zhong

2008, 8(2): 75-79 .

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Due to the traits of nonlinear, capacity of study, adaptivity and anti-interference, neural-fuzzy network is suitable for the control of ramp metering. A neuro-fuzzy network controller is developed based on GA-BP for the deficiencies of the existing freeway on-ramp control. The controller configuration is determined and the controller parameters are designed in detail. The process of this design involves three parts: the selection of the input parameter and the output parameter, the design of the structure of fuzzy neural network and the algorithm design based on GA-BP. Finally, this neural-fuzzy controller is carried out by means of MATLAB software. The simulation for this controller shows that the method developed is more helpful to level off the density of main line than the method based on BP and the other methods based on ALINEA

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Optimal Total Vehicle Pollutants Emissions Quantity Based on Link Traffic Capacity Constraints

ZHU Zhi-gao, LI Tie-zhu,LI Wen-quan

2008, 8(2): 80-84 .

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With the growing of vehicles ownership, the vehicular exhaust emissions have become major sources of air pollutants in cities. In this paper, the pollutants, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and hydrocarbon (HC) are considered as evaluation factors. On the basis of the relation between the emission factors and vehicle’s velocity and the relation amongst three parameters (Volume, Speed, Density) of traffic flow, we have developed a model that calculates the total quantity of pollutants emissions from vehicles based on speed, proportion of vehicle types, and the traffic volume. Adopting the theory of nonlinear programming, we have developed an optimal model in which the link capacity is one main constraint and the minimum of the total quantity of pollutants emissions is the goal and designed its solution algorithm. The aim of our research is to find a method to control the quantity of traffic pollutants emissions through adjusting and controlling the composition of vehicle types, and then the traffic volume and vehicle’s running speed indirectly. Finally, the feasibility of the model is justified through a practical example.

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Game Analysis of Private Cars and Government-owned Vehicles under Road Pricing Regulation

ZHANG Zhong-an,FENG Su-wei

2008, 8(2): 85-90 .

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Based on the game theory, this paper explains the micro mechanism of traffic congestion and evaluates the performance of road-pricing regulations considering the composition of government-owned vehicles (GOVs) in the traffic flow. The research shows the GOVs suffer less than the private cars due to the fact that the toll of GOVs would be transferred to the administrative expenditure of the government. Under the circumstance of a great number of GOVs occupying the road, the performance of the road pricing regulations relies on the ratio of GOVs to the whole traffic flow and the time-value distribution of private cars. If the time value of GOVs is greater than or equal to the time value of private cars, road pricing could reduce traffic congestion effectively; but if the time value of GOVs is less than that of the private cars, road pricing might just add to the cost of travelers without reducing the congestion. Generally speaking, the higher the ratio of private cars with high time value and the ratio of GOVs to the whole traffic flow, the worse the regulation performance.

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Fuzzy Evaluation Method for the Severity of Traffic Conflicts

LI Jie,CHEN Xue-wu,WANG Wei

2008, 8(2): 91-95 .

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The traffic conflict technique (TCT) is a near-accident evaluation of road safety. Compared to the accident statistics，this promising method for assessing the level of the safety has some unique advantages. The estimation of severity of conflicts is an important building block of TCT with Time-to-collision (tTTC) as an indicator. Unfortunately, because this technique is developed based on human-being observation, there have been some problems on determining the severity of the traffic conflicts, such as dependence on human experience and the inaccuracy of the result which is not convenient for automatic monitoring. This paper attempts to introduce the fuzzy logical control method to overcome these problems and to apply it to real-time road safety monitoring by proposing two practical methods.

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Modeling Feedback Scheme of Empty Cars in Unloading End of Heavy Haul Railway

ZHANG Jin-chuan,YANG Hao, WEI Yu-guang

2008, 8(2): 96-102 .

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The transportation organization of heavy haul railway is complex in China, especially, the feedback of empty cars. On the basis of reference to the existing research results, and deep analysis of the characteristics of empty cars distribution of heavy haul railway, the authors construct the feedback schematic model of empty cars in unloading end of heavy haul railway. The minimum quantity of the combined trains and the time for combination is taken as the model goal and solution algorithm on the basis of minimum cost and maximum flow is formulated. Daqin railway is taken as an example and relevant conclusions of feedback scheme of empty cars of heavy haul railway, through an analysis of calculation results, are drawn.

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Model and Algorithm of Collection and Delivery Shunting of Through Wagon Flow

YANG Xin-feng, LI Yin-zhen

2008, 8(2): 103-107 .

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The problem of col1ecting and de1ivery shunting of through wagon flow of through trains is related directly to the car economic efficiency. In the paper, it is assumeed that the car group collection and delivery operating times from the station to each place are all normally distributed variables. Besides, by analyzing, the method of calculating the delay time which shunting locomotivemay wait for car loading or unloading is proposed. Furthermore, a col1ection and de1ivery shunting model to minimize the delay time is formulated through combining algorithm design. Moreover, a Partheno-Genetic Algorithm (PGA) is put forward to resolve the model and analyzed by using an example. The results show that the algorithm is very efficient to solve the problem of col1ecting and de1ivery shunting of through trains.

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Evaluation Method of City Comprehensive Transportation Hub Based on Permutable DEA Model

FANG Xiao-hong,ZHU Lei-shan, ZHOU Bo

2008, 8(2): 108-113 .

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Objective and impartial evaluation of the city comprehensive transportation hub has a great influence on programming and development of the city comprehensive transportation system. Therefore, this paper has regulated the DEA model, and appended the ranking method to the traditional CCR model. In this way, we can not only point the ineffective reason and degree of the DMUs, but also get the rank of the DMUs. And then this paper uses this method in the research area of transportation hub evaluation, obtains the validity of different hubs and the rank of each programming plan of a hub, and at the same time gets the sticking point and improving direction of the ineffective hub or plan. Finally, a case is employed to test and verify the feasibility of this method.

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Management of Electric Power SCM

WAN Ying

2008, 8(2): 114-117 .

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Power industry is the most important fundamental energy industry in our national economy. Logistics and SCM (Supply Chain Management) play important roles in power industry. This paper presents the basic concept of power logistic and SCM. It analyzes the characteristics and problems in traditional management of electric power supply chain management. Then, it discusses the management reformation of power SCM using modern management concepts and methods.

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Feasibility Analysis of Huizhou-Shenzhen Railway in Intercity Transportation

YAN Xiang-li

2008, 8(2): 118-121 .

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The rapid development of economy and Motorization has brought serious traffic congestions to several large and middle cities in China. Based on the practice of passenger dedicated railway lines in China, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of passenger dedicated railway to be an intercity transportation mode. Taking Xiamen-Shenzhen railway line as an example, this paper analyzes the economic and social benefits of Huizhou-Shenzhen intercity transportation, which contains the demand of passenger flow, the adaptability of dedicated railway to intercity transportation, engineering requirements, and transportation operating effect. It indicates that Huizhou-Shenzhen railway line being an intercity transportation mode can improve the financial situation of Xiamen-Shenzhen railway line and make the financial internal rate of return achieve 6.5% increase. Moreover, the passenger service level will also be improved significantly. Thus, the development space of Shenzhen city will be expanded and the speed for Huizhou to be a member of the Chu Chiang Delta Economic Circle be increased.

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Speeding Up the Building of Beijing Express Rail Lines

WANG Xiu-hua

2008, 8(2): 122-125 .

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The article has analysed the conditions of the building of Beijing express rail lines, compared the states of population, economy and development of New York, Paris, Tokyo, and taken the successful experiences of urban express rail lines built and operated in these metropolis into consideration. The article has pointed out that Beijing should speed up the building of express rail lines. Based on the trip characteristics of the built lines of M1,M2,M4,M5,and line 13,the paper has put forward the suggestion that the express rail and regular rail run on the same truck, the operating plan be adjusted, and two cater-cornered express railway lines be added in the planned Metro network in Beijing so as to meet people’s need for fast and comfortable trips.

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Design of a Distributed Management Information System of Vehicle Transportation of Environment Sanitary Center

YU Zhen-hua,ZHANG Qi-shan, YANG Dong-kai

2008, 8(2): 126-130 .

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A distributed environment sanitary management information system is designed by the use of network, communication, database, GIS. The system makes use of GPRS, Internet to realize data communication, utilizes SqlServer, namely, a strong database management system to store, update data of the system, and uses MapX which is a com GIS technology to manipulate, manage the map, and to design eagle-eye map window. A mulit-window interface is given to provide the user a convenient method to operate the system. Moreover, a transmitting data center is presented to realize a distributed structure that transmits data from multi-vehicle-terminal, multi-platform-balance to multi-sub-center so that the stability and reliability of the system is improved, and lays a good foundation to collect lots of data of a large -scale vehicle transportation. In short, the system provides a powerful technique support for environment sanitary management center to work out plans and make a decision.

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Intelligent Logistics Distribution Method Based on RFID and Optimized Algorithm

YE Nian-fa,SHEN Hai-yan,FENG Yun-mei

2008, 8(2): 131-135 .

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Focusing on multi-objective combined optimization problem of the Vehicle Filling Problem (VFP) and Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), this paper mainly studies the establishment of the intelligent logistics distribution methods and solution of multi-objective genetic algorithm. Then, using the freight long-distance identify, auto-storage, fetch scheme based on RFID technology, as well as computer network communication and the intelligence control technique, it develops the warehousing management system to manage and control in-storage and out-storage of freight. It raises the efficiency of logistics performance and saves the logistics distribution cost.

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