Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

Building Megacity-centered Comprehensive Transportation System

GUO Xiao-bei

2008, 8(3): 1-5 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1503KB) ( )

Since 1990s, with the development of economy and urbanization, traffic problems have became urgent issues facing many major cities of China. In terms of urbanization, this paper first analyzes the background of building the megacity-centered comprehensive transportation system, and then reveals its necessity. Furthermore, considering the proper characteristics of Chinese cities, this paper elaborates the concept of building comprehensive transportation system from four aspects: inner-city transport, outbound transport, urban region transport, and hinge construction. Finally, in the light of the development trend of economy and society of Chinese cities in the future, the author sets forth some operational policy measures and organizational suggestions.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Some Historical Comments on Urban Transportation Development of Beijing

MAO Bao-hua,GUO Ji-fu, CHEN Jin-chuan, JIA Shun-ping

2008, 8(3): 6-13 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1980KB) ( )

This paper first analyzes the state-of-art of urban economy and transportation system, and summarizes the characteristics of transport development based on the statistical data of Beijing. By identifying the differences among under various time periods, it advances a four-phase theory for Beijing transportation before 2006, i.e. non-motorized dominant period with lower trip rate from 1949 to 1977, public transport dominant period with increasing trip rate from 1978 to 1985, preliminary motorized period guided by taxi augment from 1985 to 1995, and motorization stage with rapid development of private cars from 1996 to 2006. From the targets outlined by Beijing Transport Development Program issued in 2004 and updated Urban Development Master-plan, the authors deeply describe the background and situation of Beijing since 2006, and point out that Beijing has entered a new stage of Strategic Adjustment of Transport System Structure. Finally, some suggestions on transport policies aiming to reduce road transport pressures in city centers have been concluded for Beijing during the coming years based on the international experiences and Beijing’s environmental features.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Implementing Frank-Wolfe Algorithm for Traffic Assignment Problem under Different Flow Update Strategies and Line Search Technologies

XU Meng,QU Yun-chao,GAO Zi-you

2008, 8(3): 14-22 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (2004KB) ( )

Frank-Wolfe (FW) algorithm is widely used to solve traffic equilibrium assignment problems. It has the characteristics of simple implementing and modest memory requiring. However, it also faces some problems such as slow convergence, no providing path information, and so on.In order to improve its implementation efficiency, the FW algorithm is further studied from three flow update strategies (all-at-once, one-origin-at-a-time, one-OD-at-a-time) and different step search methods, which includes deterministic line search methods (bisection method, golden-section method, success-failure method) and non-deterministic line search methods (a search method based on the basis of Wolfe-Powell convergent criterion, and a nonmonotone line search method). Four different scales transportation networks are used to test the different update strategies finally.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Framework and Data Share Platform of Transportation Data Center

WANG Zu-yun

2008, 8(3): 23-28 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1307KB) ( )

With transportation informatization application being studied continually, the demand of data exchange and data share becomes more and more intense, and the information resource integration has become one of the core contents of transportation informatization. Taking Bingjing as an example, the paper analyzes the existing problems in transportation industry informatization, and brings forward the framework of data center. Data center is a complicated systems engineering, and it comes down to network, system integration, information safety, database, data mining, standard specification,and so on. The paper chooses three core systems, which are center LAN, share platform and center database. Finally, the paper introduces framework design of center LAN and share platform, and discusses several methods of data exchange and data integration in different conditions.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Particle Swarm Optimization Application on Road Traffic Flow Short-term Forecasting

XIONG Zhi-hua,SHAO Chun-fu,YAO Zhi-sheng

2008, 8(3): 29-33 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1138KB) ( )

Short-term traffic flow forecasting is not only a core element of intelligent transportation system but also plays an important role in traffic information service and traffic guidance. Short-term traffic flow forecasting is highlighted and has become reality in the light of the fact that the feasibility of data collection and travelers’ expectation of high travel quality. A short-term traffic flow forecasting model of multiple road cross-sections in a road network based on chaotic time series analysis is proposed in this paper considering the chaotic and relative character of traffic state. The parameters of the forecasting model are compared with single road cross-sections based on the chaotic time series analysis and can be obtained by particle swarm optimization algorithm. Meanwhile, the proposed forecasting models and methods of multiple road cross-sections in a road network were tested by real-time traffic flow data from urban expressway and the results were satisfying.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Intelligent Detection of Peccancy Vehicles in the Yellow Grid Region

GAO Tao,LIU Zheng-guang,ZHANG Jun,ZHANG Zong-feng

2008, 8(3): 34-39 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1679KB) ( )

For the wide application and demand of intelligent traffic monitoring, this paper puts forward an algorithm to detect the peccancy vehicle in the yellow grid region. First, this paper uses the difference among continuous frames to generate the static background without any information of vehicles. And then , by combining the difference image segmentation algorithm and the mathematical morphology algorithm to extract the vehicles are exacted. At last , through judging how long the vehicles stay in the yellow grid region the vehicles of peccancy are detected. The monitoring system uses three cameras to obtain the far and near scenes at the same time to record the video and license plate of the vehicle of peccancy for future punishment. This paper introduces the algorithm of peccancy vehicle detection in the yellow grid region with practical application value, and it can be widely applied in the traffic management with low cost.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Multiobjective Transportation Model with Fuzzy
Parameters: a Priority Based Fuzzy Goal
Programming Approach

PRAMANIK Surapati, ROY Tapan Kumar

2008, 8(3): 40-48 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1638KB) ( )

This paper presents priority based fuzzy goal programming approach for solving multi-objective transportation problem with fuzzy coefficient. In the model formulation of the problem, the membership functions for the fuzzy goals are defined first. Then the membership functions are transformed into the membership goals by assigning the highest degree (unity) of a membership function as the aspiration level and introducing the deviational variables to each of them. In the solution process, negative deviational variables are minimized to obtain the most satisficing solution. Sensitivity analysis to the solution with the change of priorities of the fuzzy goals is performed. Then the Euclidean distance function is used to identify the appropriate priority structure of the goals and thereby obtaining the most satisficing decision to the decision -making unit by minimizing their regrets of achieving the ideal-point dependent decision in the decision-making context. A numerical example is solved to demonstrate the potential use of proposed approach.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Emission Analysis at a Toll Station Using PEMS’ Measurement

SONG Guo-hua,YU Lei,ZHANG Xiao

2008, 8(3): 49-57 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (2189KB) ( )

The real-world vehicle emission and activity data of a light-duty-gasoline vehicle, Jetta, were collected at a freeway toll station using PEMS. The data on both electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes and manual toll collection (MTC) lanes were collected for comparison. Data analysis showed that all emissions have been reduced by using ETC. However, the emission reduction of NOx was much less than those of HC and CO. Further, vehicle specific power (VSP) based emission estimation approaches were studied using the collected data, in which some errors in common were identified. For the toll station, the VSP interval [-2, 2] was found to be a critical interval in the driving modes as well as in the average emission rates. A finer binning approach was applied, and the accuracy of the emission estimation for the toll station was improved. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis on speed, VSP, and the accumulated emissions around the tollbooths was conducted to explain why the percentage of NOx reduction was much less than those of HC and CO. Finally, a queue-based emission estimation model was studied for MTC lanes, in which the model was found not suitable for the estimation of NOx emission.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Modelling Capacity of Signalized Intersections with Congestion

HUANG Rong,GUO Min,CHEN Shao-kuan,LIANG Xiao

2008, 8(3): 58-65 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1811KB) ( )

Headway distribution is an important way to study traffic flow. Based on the traffic sample data of several intersections in Beijing, this paper analyzes the headway distribution of vehicles which cross the stop in the queue with congestion and its changing characteristic. Result shows that it reaches saturated headway since 6th vehicle. On this basis, a traffic capacity model with congestion is built, and it’s for the signalized intersections which are formed by arterial or subordinate roads at city center areas. Further, the data surveyed at some signalized intersections is used for case calculation and contrast. The result is that the average error rates of going straight and turning left traffic capacity are 2.27% and 4.28%, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the model. In addition, the result of this calculation method is superior to others, which shows that the method is of higher applicability in the congestion state.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Delay Model of Adaptive Signal Control Using Fixed Number Theory

JIANG Xian-cai,PEI Yu-long

2008, 8(3): 66-70 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1160KB) ( )

Considering the fact that the delay model of adaptive signal control derived from the stable theory cannot reflect the dynamic status of the traffic flow from each direction at an intersection, this paper uses the Fixed Number Theory and considers the dynamic traffic flow arriving process from each direction at the intersection. Subsequently, a new delay model is proposed according to the characteristics of Markov, to determine the vehicle’s average delay for a certain period under a self-adaptive signal control condition, by simplifying the arrival form of traffic flow and simulating the reasoning for the Delay triangle. On the basis of the simulation platform of OPAC (Optimized Policies for Adaptive Control), the survey data from real intersections is used as the input, and the comparative analysis between the calculation results of the delay model and the traffic simulation results indicate that the proposed delay model is more effective than the model based on the stable theory, in objectively reflecting the operation of the traffic flow at the intersection.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Generic Model of Reverse Logistics Network Design

ZHOU Yong-sheng,WANG Shou-yang

2008, 8(3): 71-78 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1758KB) ( )

Recoverable product environments are becoming an increasingly important segment of the overall push in industry towards environmentally conscious manufacturing. Moreover, reverse logistics is receiving much attention because of the growing environmental and economical concern.The efficient implementation of reverse logistics requires appropriate logistics network structures to be set up for the arising products flow from users to producers. The recovery options are multiform, such as repair, refurbishing, remanufacturing, cannibalization ,and recycling. But in the published literatures on the design of reverse distribution network, only one type, especially remanufacturing, has been considered. In this work, the design of a reverse distribution network is studied, with the repairing and remanufacturing options beingtake into account simultaneously. A mixed integer formulation is developed, which is solved using standard B&B techniques. Finally, a numerical example is conducted to illustrate the efficiency and practicability of the model.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Estimation of Traffic Density on Urban Freeways

HU Xiao-wen,YANG Dong-yuan

2008, 8(3): 79-82 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (771KB) ( )

Traffic density is one of the most important parameters to identify traffic state, but it is very difficult to be acquired in real world. This paper has proposed a method to estimate traffic density using the output (traffic flow and time mean speed) of fixed traffic detectors. The method firstly converts time mean speed to space mean speed by introducing coefficient of variation and standard error of space speed and then, acquires traffic density through the relationship between traffic flow, density , and space mean speed in traffic flow theory. Furthermore, the paper has indicated that traffic density is insensitive to the coefficient of variation of space speed. In the end, the method has been applied to Shanghai inner elevated ring freeway and traffic density can be reasonably estimated.In addition fitting curves among traffic flow, density and space mean speed are acquired. The results are similar to classic traffic flow theory. The method can estimate traffic density directly based on the outputs of fixed detectors, especially for urban freeways with lots of traffic detectors which are laid with mutually short distance. It is proved that the method is very simple and applicable to urban freeways.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

System Dynamics Model of Urban Transportation System and Its Application

WANG Ji-feng,LU Hua-pu, PENG Hu

2008, 8(3): 83-89 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1622KB) ( )

Urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables and nonlinear feedback loops and influenced by transportation, social, economical, and environmental factors. Conventional transportation modeling approaches are unsuitable to simulate and evaluate its performance. This paper presents a system dynamics approach based on the cause-and-effect analysis and feedback loop structures. The proposed SD model comprises 7 submodels: population, economic development, number of vehicles, environmental influence, travel demand, transport supply, and traffic congestion. The model runs in Vensim PLE software using the data from Dalian, China. The coefficient of the intervention policy of vehicle ownership is chosen as the control variable for simulation, and the impacts of different policy scenarios on urban development and transportation system are analyzed. It suggests that Dalian should restrict the total number of vehicles to improve the sustainability of transportation system.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Optimization of Shipping Container Route Choice

WANG Bin,TANG Guo-chun

2008, 8(3): 90-95 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1277KB) ( )

This paper studies the optimization of choosing shipping container route by integer programming, Both heavy and empty containers are combined into a system. In the modal, the objective function is to maximize the total profit of container transport. The profit caused by the heavy transport minus the cost caused by the heavy and empty container transport equals to the total profit. The constraints to the modal include meeting the need of heavy and empty containers, the limit to transport ability of a line and the number of empty containers supported. Lingo9.0 is used to solve the modal and shipping methods in varied parameters are shown by simulation. The aim of the paper is to provide a reasonable project of shipping container route choice, so the container transportation cost of a shipping company can be reduced and its profit made by container transport is maximized.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Disaggregate Modal-split Model Considering
Congestion Pricing

XU Wang-tu,HE Shi-wei,SONG Rui,LI Juan

2008, 8(3): 96-102 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1775KB) ( )

For discussing the impact of congestion pricing on travel behaviors of residents, a disaggregated modal-split model considering pricing is formulated, and based on it, the traveler’s perceived expectation utility function is built. Through a case study, the serviceability of this model is tested, and the sustainability of the impact of congestion pricing on the modal-split proportion is analyzed. In addition, we find out that the congestion pricing may have influence on both the traveler’s choice behavior and the satisfactory degree and make the modal-split proportion change. Moreover, the perceived expectation utility increases as the pricing rate increases and stands on a fixed value after reaching the maximum value; whereas traveler’s satisfactory degree value is negative, it decreases in different velocities for various perception degrees.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

On Gradient Reduced Coefficient of Traction in Long Tunnels

LI Jian-xin

2008, 8(3): 103-105 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (738KB) ( )

Studying the long tunnel geometric design from its actual operation is the issue should be paid close attention in railway design. Currently, the common approach to determining gradient reduction coefficient of traction is from the Code for Design of Railway Line. This paper analyzes the provisions and experimental expressions about additional aerodynamic drag in tunnel and gradient coefficient in the Code. It emphasizes correct comprehension and flexible application of the Code. The parameter value should be calculated considering the topography, geological conditions, technical standard, investment, and operating conditions of the railway project. The paper concentrates on how to determine the gradient reduced coefficient of traction in long tunnels properly. It also gives some suggestions on the studies of gradient reduced coefficient of traction in long tunnels and the design standard.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Vehicle Conversion Factors Based on the Analysis of Occupancy Time

AO Gu-chang, JIA Yuan-hua,ZHANG Hui-ling

2008, 8(3): 106-110 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1284KB) ( )

Vehicle conversion factors are important parameter for capacity and service level of expressway. This paper analyzes the relation between occupancy time and vehicle conversion factors, and the calculating model of vehicle conversion factors based on the analysis of occupancy time is presented. Firstly, the traffic data need to be classified according to the vehicle speed and traffic composition, and two regression correlations among occupancy time, traffic density and traffic volume are developed. Secondly, the regression coefficients can be obtained through the practical data. Finally, vehicle conversion factors can be calculated through the differential and radio method. Data collected from Jing-Jin-Tang expressway shows that the presented approach can well reflect the difference of kinds of vehicles, and can be used to analyze the current situation of the specific traffic flow in China’s expressway.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Urban Traffic Flow Volume Modeling for Beijing Using a Mixed-Flows Model

LI Zhi-heng,YIN Sheng-chao,TIAN Ye, LI Li,ZHAO Zhi-qiang,JI Yan

2008, 8(3): 111-114 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (891KB) ( )

This paper proposes a new mixed-flows model to capture the main statistical features of traffic volume flows over Beijing transportation networks. The model consists of three parts: the major part decided by residents’ everyday travel, which remains relatively stable and follows a certain M-shape curve; random fluctuations whose magnitude follow time variant super-gaussian distribution, and “peaks” whose arriving rates obey Negative exponential distribution. This model can nicely describe the arriving behaviors of the "peaks" in the traffic volume flow. Further analysis of "peaks" arrives in negative exponential distribution and traffic flow volume is in a multi-fractal time series. The obtained results sheds lights on our understandings of the origins and characteristics of the urban traffic flow, which are thus useful for traffic prediction and control.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Highway Route Scheme Optimization Model Based on Identical Degree of Set Pair Analysis

YANG Shang-yang,ZHANG Long-jie,YANG Chan-chan,LIU Ting-ting

2008, 8(3): 115-119 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1031KB) ( )

Scheme optimization of highway route is an essential problem in highway route design, and is also the important tache in scheme optimization. It often has several schemes during the design of highway route, and how to select the best is the key of the design. Set pair analysis is a systems analysis method of dealing with uncertain questions. It has many virtues, including specific concept, simple calculation and comprehensive information. The highway route scheme optimization model is built up based on the identical degree of set pair analysis. This paper uses the variation coefficient method to calculate the weight of indexes, improves the reliability of designing scheme evaluation, and introduces a simple and effective appraisal approach of highway route scheme optimization.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Improvement Vessel Allocation Mode of Liner Shipping and Its Application for Slot Chartering under Shipping Alliance

CHEN Ji-hong,ZHEN Hong,ZONG Bei-hua

2008, 8(3): 120-125 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1430KB) ( )

With the consortium and alliances between shipping companies, the fleet and route continue to expand. The scale model, route optimization and vessel allocation are increasing complex. This paper will establish a new model applied to slot chartering decisions and route planning under shipping alliance on the basis of improving the traditional mode for vessel allocation of Liner Shipping according to the actual development of the shipping industry. The results indicate that slot chartering under shipping alliance has outstanding advantages for shipping companies to lower system costs, offset route capacity, ensure the completion of freight tasks, and speed up the ship’s flight.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis on Charge Price of Electric Vehicles

TENG Yun,HU Tian-jun,WEI Zhen-ling

2008, 8(3): 126-130 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1320KB) ( )

According to the sensitivity analysis and game theory, this paper provides quantitative analyses on the charge price of electric vehicles. With interrelated data, the paper seeks primary factors about the charge price from three parts: the operator of electric vehicle charge-station, the users of EV, and the suppliers of electric power. During the research, some major factors is found out. By the analyses of game theory, this paper has compared the respective benefits of government, users and suppliers and given an acceptant electrification price so as to establish a referenced decision-making system for popularizing EV.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research Analysis Model of Mixed Freight Traffic Flow in Commercial District of Shanghai Huangpu

WANG Xiao-kun

2008, 8(3): 131-136 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1509KB) ( )

This paper analyses the freight conditions in the commercial central area, summarizes the freight operating rule and the parking rule, and then studies the influence of the allocation freight activities on road running speed. The conclusion indicates that the freight volume, the number of parking and the parking time in the commercial central are the main factors influencing road running speed. The paper further separately establishes the model of mixed travel flow of allocation vehicles and the social vehicles on the main and branch road in the business central area, as well as the characteristic function of flow which include freight vehicles in the commercial central area. In the end, this paper provides the reference for correctly analyzing the moving status of vehicles, reasonably judging the road travel time of vehicles and computing route travel time of allocation vehicles, and so on.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

On Classification Scheme for Procurement Management in EPC Mode

ZHAO Ning

2008, 8(3): 137-141 .

Abstract ( )

PDF (1236KB) ( )

Engineer-Procure-Construct (EPC) is a main method of project management. This paper introduces the plan and fundamental of the classification scheme for procurement management in EPC mode and studies quality control of procumbent with the owner’s proper supervision during the project implementation. With the author’s experiences, this paper presents a classified method for equipment and material procurement and then sets up the classification procedure. This paper also indicates the application details, potential problems, and coordination method during the process of grading procurement. The concept, encouraging the owner and contractor to cooperate with each other and taking advantage of them, improves the quality of project management to some extent.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Archive