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25 October 2015, Volume 15 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Safety and Management of Road Transportation ZHANG Guo-wu 2015, 15(5): 1-9.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1241KB) ( )   Traffic accident brings immeasurable loss to the people's life and property, social stability and harmony. Most of the heavy road traffic accidents occur in the road transport vehicles with the large passenger capacity and the large tonnage. Dangerous goods transportation accidents are also different from general transportation accidents, it also derives from the combustion, explosion, leakage and other more serious consequences, resulting in economic and property loss, environmental pollution, ecological destruction, casualties and a series of problems. The 40th conference of“Traffic and Transportation 7 + 1 Forum”sets its theme as“Safety and Management of Road Transportation”. As an important part of the public safety, transportation safety concerns the safety of people's life and property, the coordinated development of economic society, the harmony and stability of society, and it is a major people’s livelihood issues. It discusses the mechanism and measures to prevent, contain and reduce the occurrence of heavy traffic accident, guarantee road transportation safety, comprehensively improve the management level of road transportation safety, such as enhance safety consciousness, improve the safety management mechanism, innovative security management means model, reinforce the safety management foundation and so on. Related Articles | Metrics

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Price Strategy for CRH Express and Traditional Express Based on Stackelberg Game Model DUAN Hua-wei, YAN Yu-song 2015, 15(5): 10-15.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1352KB) ( )   In order to gain the optimal price strategy for CRH express and traditional express, and analyze the impact of dominance and uncertain demand on the price strategy, the Stackelberg game models between CRH express and traditional express considering different dominance under different uncertain demand are established. The optimal strategies for CRH express and traditional express in different cases are obtained by solving the models. The results reveal that: decentralized decision- making lead to a drop in profits; CRH express can get greater profits when it has the dominance; the traditional express always gets more profits than traditional express from cooperation; the increasing of randomness of market demand results in lower profits. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Modified Decision-making Method with Multidivisional Cooperation for Disposal of NUC Ships WU Bing，YAN Xin-ping，WANGYang，WEI Xiao-yang 2015, 15(5): 16-23.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1391KB) ( )   In order to dispose the not under command (NUC) ships effectively and safely in inland waterway transportation, a modified group decision making methodology is proposed based on fuzzy rule reasoning and decision preference. First, according to the statistical data and literature review, the influencing factors of emergency disposal options is obtained, and the decision attribute is also defined. Second, the fuzzy reasoning is introduced to integrate the influencing factors; moreover, after establishment of the fuzzy rule base and fuzzy inference engine, the linguistic variables of decision criteria with respect to the alternatives are defuzzified into crisp values. Third, considering the decision-maker may prefer different formats of information, a consistency-based linear programming method is proposed to integrate the information, including interval utility value, intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and interval multiplicative preference relation. The weights of attributes and the best alternative, then, can be obtained. Finally, a typical illustrative example is used to verify the proposed approach, and the result represents that this model is useful and beneficial for disposal of NUC ships. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial Differentiation and Coupling between Integrated Transport Accessibility and Logistics Economy JI Xiao-feng, HAO Jing-jing, CHEN Fang 2015, 15(5): 24-30.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2640KB) ( )   There is a coupling between logistics economic and integrated transport accessibility. Based on provincial-level panel data, this paper uses ArcGIS to evaluate the regional integrated transport accessibility and the logistics economic development of the city nodes in Silk Road Zone. On this basis, it gets the coordination mechanism between the integrated transport accessibility and logistics economy. A coordination degree model is constructed to obtain the coupling pattern of coordinated development of comprehensive transportation accessibility and logistics economy. The conclusion are: (1) As a whole, the level of integrated transport accessibility and logistics economic development is significantly different between regions and both of them show the spatial distribution pattern of“East High and West low”. (2) The level of coordinated development between integrated transport and logistics economic is low and obviously different. Meanwhile the actual input-output matching between Silk Road Economic Belt transport infrastructure and logistics needs to be improved, and its supporting effect for economic development is not yet fully. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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SBM-undesirable Model-based Efficiency Evaluation for Integrated Transportation SONG Jing-ni，WU Qun-qi，SUN Qi-peng，BAO Xu，DU Kai 2015, 15(5): 32-39.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1644KB) ( )   Integrated transportation efficiency is an important index for evaluating transport structure and coordination state. This paper gives a systematic analysis on integrated transportation efficiency in China from 1979 to 2012 based on the temporal evolution by introducing SBM-undesirable. A quantitative adjustment is made on i-o elements. Results show that: Undesirable output has a significant negative impact on transport efficiency; Integrated efficiency from 1979 to 2012 is concave- shape fluctuation, wherein the average value is 0.68 and the lowest efficiency in 1999 is less than half the average; From the decomposition efficiency perspective, integrated efficiency is affected by pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency simultaneously, where constraints force of pure technical efficiency is stronger, i.e., "overall efficiency ≤pure technical efficiency ≤scale efficiency"; Transport staffs, locomotive ownership and death toll are the three main factors affecting transport efficiency. Therefore, adjusting transport resource structure, reducing undesirable output and improving technical efficiency is the realistic path to improve transport efficiency. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of Subway and Bus Transport Networks and Analysis of the Network Topology Characteristics LUO Yi，QIAN Da-Lin 2015, 15(5): 39-44.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1594KB) ( )   Bus and metro are two of the main components of urban transportation system. The cities vigorously advocate the bus priority policy, however, we find the sharing of public transport has not been significantly improved. In order to make an empirical study of urban transportation networks, from a unitary perspective view, this article establishes a compound network of subway and bus transport networks in the Space L and Space P. The topology characteristics of the compound network are compared with its subnetworks, the result shows that the compound network has the properties of small world and scale-free network. To give full play of urban transportation is to make sure both of subway and bus transportation be fully used and to strengthen the link and coordination. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Big Data and Its Applications in Urban Intelligent Transportation System LU Hua-pu，SUN Zhi-yuan，QUWen-cong 2015, 15(5): 45-52.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1945KB) ( )   Big data brings both opportunities and challenges to technological development and application innovation of urban intelligent transportation system. Significant changes of ITS, which brought by traffic big data, are shown in three aspects: the concept of traffic big data, problems brought by traffic big data, and big-data-driven based mathematic modeling methods. This paper is intended to deeply understand big data, the background and category of traffic big data are sketched, the“6V”characteristics of traffic big data are proposed, the basic types of traffic big data in ITS are summarized. Strategies and ideas are presented based on the problems of traffic big data, namely, data security, network communication, computational efficiency, and data storage. This paper also analyzes the method of data driven model, and describes the significance of hybrid model. Finally, system framework of ITS based on traffic big data is proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Green Driving Speed Control Method at Signal Intersection AN Shi, YAO Han-dong, JIANG Hui-fu, CUI Jian-xun 2015, 15(5): 53-59.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2426KB) ( )   Signal intersection is the traffic distribution interchange in the whole urban traffic road network. Vehicles often stop at an intersection that results in idle driving, severely reduces the intersection traffic efficiency, and causes serious vehicle exhaust pollution. In order to reduce the blocking of traffic flow of intersection, and reduce the delay, fuel consumption and emission of vehicle at signal intersection, this paper proposes a green- driving control method for signal intersection based on multi- level variable speed limit. This method uses the value of variable speed limits as control variable, and utilizes the information of traffic condition near the intersections obtained by fixed detectors to optimize and release the value of variable speed limits in real-time, to smooth the spatio-temporal trajectories without extra travel time in the process of driving to the intersection. Then we made a simulation and verification of this method by combining Newell's following model and VT- micro vehicle fuel consumption and emissions model. The result shows that it can reduce vehicle delay, fuel consumption and pollution emissions effectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Delay Calculation Method of Signalized Intersections under Green Wave Coordinated Control HU Xing-hua, ZHU Xiao-ning, LONG Bing 2015, 15(5): 60-66.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1855KB) ( )   The rectification effects to traffic flow are observed clearly in the front part of signalized intersections under green wave coordinated control. But it is usually neglected when calculating the delay of single intersection. Based on the assumption that the running time deviation of traffic flow obeys normal distribution, the paper proposes three kinds of delay calculation models for internal of green wave band, interval of green wave band and right turn traffic flow by use of the disaggregate method. Considered the rectification characteristics of intersections, a vehicle arrival distribution function of entrance lane of intersection is presented based on least squares fitting method. A delay calculation method of traffic flow in the entrance lane of intersection is built through of the accumulation of each single vehicle expected delay with the influence of the running time deviation of traffic flow in the internal and interval of green wave band. At last, the practicability and effectiveness of the method presented is verified by a case study. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Lane Change Model Based on Bayesian Networks QIU Xiao-ping，LIU Ya-long，MALi-na，YANG Da 2015, 15(5): 67-73.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1399KB) ( )   Lane change behavior is one of the most foundational driving behaviors in microscopic traffic flow. Researching the lane change behavior contributes to improving the simulation accuracy of lane change models and reducing traffic accidents caused by improper lane change behavior. The current lane change model is the decision model mostly based on the way of driver's thinking. The shortcoming of current models is difficult to catch certain potential decision-making model and influencing factors in the driver's decisionmaking process. In view of this, this paper introduces a typical artificial intelligence method, Bayesian networks, to establish a new lane change model, and tries to improve the accuracy of the lane change model by machine learning. It uses a segmented discrete method to preprocess vehicle trajectory measurement data, and uses the processed data to training and verification this model. The verification results show that, this model's recognition rate to lane change behavior can reach more than 88%. In addition, this model can be further applied to the development of a driver assistance system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Traffic Flow Speed and Conflict Characteristic on Temporary Reversible Lane CAO Yi，YANG Zhong-zhen，ZUO Zhong-yi 2015, 15(5): 74-80.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2082KB) ( )   In order to reveal the existing traffic operation problems of temporary reversible lane, the characteristics of traffic flow speed and traffic conflict in period of direction changing are analyzed. Selecting Huangpu road with representative significance as the investigation object, the characteristic parameters of traffic flow before and after direction changing are investigated respectively. By mean of mathematical statistics, the characteristics of traffic flow speed and traffic conflict before and after direction changing are compared and analyzed. Using method of regression analysis, not only the relationship model between speed and density is constructed, but also the prediction model of traffic conflict is proposed. The research indicates that, in terms of traffic flow speed and traffic conflict of temporary reversible lane, there are obvious and regular differences between them before and after direction changing. There is a quantitative relationship between the speed and density. The relationship among the quantity of traffic conflict, volume and density also exists. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Ramp Cooperative Control Method Based on Distribution Network of Multi-agents NIU Zhong-hai，JIAYuan-hua，ZHANG Liang-liang，LIAO Chen 2015, 15(5): 81-88.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2488KB) ( )   In order to improve the growing serious traffic congestion on the junction of freeway and expressway (junction of road networks ), considering the capacity and conversion of heterogeneous road network, on basis of multi- agent and local induction control, the control mode of multi- ramp metering is discussed. Then a ramp CPSO-RBF-PID control model, a consensus coordination model of ramps on the same road, and a competitive coordination model of ramps on different road are designed. With the topology of the junction of road network, a multi-agent ramp control model based on distribution network is presented. The appropriate network is selected for the model validation. The results show that the model is effective. The method can stabilize the density of the junction of road network, and relief traffic congestion in the area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Optimization Model of Signal Timing for Isolated Intersections Based on Vehicle Specific Power YAO Rong-han，WANG Xiao-yu，ZHAO Sheng-chuan，XU Hong-feng，LIU Kai 2015, 15(5): 89-95.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1351KB) ( )   To reduce vehicle delays and traffic emissions, a method of calibrating the emission factors during red and green for a signalized intersection is proposed on the basis of vehicle specific power. According to operations research and traffic flow theory, the optimization model of signal timing is presented for an isolated intersection. The objectives of the model are to minimize the vehicle delays and traffic emissions. Considering the three pollutants of CO, HC and NOx in car exhaust, traffic simulation experiments are designed using the VISSIM software, the algorithms of calibrating the model parameters and solving the optimization models are programmed using the MATLAB software. In view of the vehicle running data, two categories of emission factors for each lane group and each pollutant are both calibrated, and the proposed biobjective signal timing optimization model is validated. The results show that, compared with only minimizing the vehicle delays, the optimal signal timing scheme obtained by the bi- objective optimization model makes the average delay per vehicle and traffic emissions decrease by 19% and 11%, respectively. The research can effectively decrease vehicle delays and emissions for an intersection and provide a theoretical basis for developing the arterial signal timing optimization models with the concern of traffic emissions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Recognition Model of Driving Anger Based on Belief Rule Base WAN Ping, WU Chao-zhong, LIN Ying-zi, MAXiao-feng, HUANG Zhen 2015, 15(5): 96-102.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1668KB) ( )   As“road rage”easily induces aggressive driving behavior that has negative impact on traffic safety, a recognition model of anger emotion based on driver’s physiological and electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics is proposed in this paper. Fifteen participants were recruited to take part in on-road and timed experiments in Wuhan. Driving anger could be easily induced by specific road events such as jaywalking and weaving vehicles in busy traffic section, which was selected as experiment route. During experiments driver’s anger level was recorded by driving anger scale while physiological and EEG signals were recorded by Biography Infiniti System and Neural Scan System respectively. Then a recognition model of driving anger based on belief rule base (BRB) is proposed with four input variables, which included blood volume purse (BVP), skin conductance (SC), percentages of δ wave (δ%) and β wave (β%) in frequency domain. The model’s validation results show that its accuracy is 82.24%, increasing 7.15% and 5.02% when compared with BPNN and SVM respectively. The results can provide theoretical support for designing driving emotion recognition equipment based on physiology and EEG. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Estimation for SOC of PEV Battery Based on Artificial Immune Particle Filter BI Jun, ZHANG Dong, CHANG Hai-tao, SHAO Sai 2015, 15(5): 103-108.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1409KB) ( )   Accurate state- of- charge (SOC) estimation of batteries is important for the development of electric vehicles. However, a common problem with the particle filter is the degeneracy phenomenon, resulting in low efficiency and the estimation accuracy. Therefore, an artificial immune particle algorithm is proposed to optimize the estimation of SOC in this paper. Based on the battery data of pure electric vehicles (PEV) running in Beijing, This paper makes comparing experiment for SOC estimation. The experiment result shows that, artificial immune particle filter algorithm has better SOC estimation accuracy than standard particle filter algorithm. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Road Network Topology Vulnerability Indentification Considering the Intensity of Rainfall in Urban Areas DONG Jie-shuang，WU Yu-wei，LU Qing-chang 2015, 15(5): 109-113.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1476KB) ( )   Under the impacts of global climate change, meteorological disasters such as rainstorm occur frequently in recent years and have led to several severe disruptions of transport network over the last few years in urban areas. In order to minimize the risk of potential losses of life and properties, a method is developed to identify topology vulnerability of road network for a range of rainfall scenarios. This paper reviews the theories and methods of vulnerability analysis and defines the concept of vulnerability of road network considering the intensity of rainfall within the content of this paper. It establishes a comprehensive assessment index“importance of nodes and edges”by combining the“betweenness and traffic flow”to find out the fragile source of road network considering the intensity of rainfall. And then, the assessment index “mincuts frequency vector”is introduced into the assessment of topology vulnerability. It provides the scientific basis for disaster control and reduction of the urban road network. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Road Network Model in Haze and Haze Situation Influence on Traffic Networks GONG Yan，ZHANG Jie，LAN Jin-hui 2015, 15(5): 114-122.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2066KB) ( )   Haze causes three major problems to urban traffic networks: missing traffic data, unsafe traffic and pollutant emissions. Firstly, driver reaction characteristics on visibility factors are increased and road network models in haze are established (the lane model and intersection model) by using urban traffic data monitoring systems. Moreover, the evaluation index of the traffic network model in haze includes traffic data loss rate, traffic dangerous coefficient and vehicle pollution emission index. Finally, by simulating the degree of haze influence and the regions of road networks, the simulation results are compared. Results show that more serious degree of haze influence and a larger road network range correspond to more serious haze impact. A greater haze impact on the road network leads to higher rate of traffic data loss, lower degree of traffic safety and higher emission of pollutants. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Calculation Method of Monthly Fluctuation Coefficient on Highway Network Freight Transportation Volumes LIU Yong-hua，CHENWei-min，MIAO He-jiang，DUAN Li-zhen 2015, 15(5): 123-127.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1375KB) ( )   The fluctuation coefficient on highway transportation volume reflected an imbalance status of the transportation demand and supply in the aspect of time and space. According to analyzing the statistical method of vehicle freight transportation volume of monthly fluctuation coefficient and its problems in the statistical investigation; and then relying on platform such as the expressway network toll system, the traffic volume automatic observation point, the survey information system, this paper establishes a calculation model of monthly fluctuation coefficient on highway network freight transportation volume. And some parameters such as the weights of cargo and vehicle, the toll sum, the traffic volume, the number of lanes, the traffic mileage are combined into a model. And then the way of processing in quantity and assigning weight is put forward which for the non base monthly fluctuation coefficient on highway network freight transportation volumes. Finally this paper verifies the feasibility of the model and calculation. The result can provide a practical reference on the statistical investigation of highway network freight transportation volumes, regional highway network planning, and the comprehensive transportation system optimization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Feeder Bus Network Design Based on Variable Demand WANG Zhi-mei, ZHANG Xing-chen, CHEN Jun-hua，GAI Zhen-zhou 2015, 15(5): 128-135.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1904KB) ( )   This study takes account of the private car demands whose destinations are not subway station and the demands taking the fixed bus lines originally, develops a feeder bus network optimal model with the minimum cost of passengers, operators and social for many-to-many travel demand. Logit model is applied to redirect private car demand between private car and feeder bus line, fixed bus line demand between feeder bus and fixed bus line. A genetic algorithm is developed to solve the problem. The results show that the model constructed in this paper and the applied genetic algorithm can obtain optimal feeder bus lines, the first bus station and transfer subway station for originally private car demand. The solution result shows that the feeder bus line strategies have a close relationship with the percentage of the whole traveling chain costs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Evaluation Method of Sector Complexity Based on Metrics System CONGWei，HU Ming-hua，XIE Hua，ZHANG Chen 2015, 15(5): 136-141.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1359KB) ( )   In order to analyze sector complexity comprehensively, this paper decomposes it into structure complexity and operation complexity. Multi-dimensional metrics focusing on airspace structure characteristics and traffic operation characteristics are constructed respectively according to present research. Primary component analysis is used to refine metrics information, from which structure complexity and operation complexity are evaluated. Multiple sectors are divided into different clusters by k-means clustering algorithm. The Dunn indicator is used to evaluate clustering results, which can help us decide the optimal clustering number. The clustering results are treated as the best classification for sector complexity, which could verify the metrics evaluation results. In the case of sector samples, sector structure complexity and operation complexity can well reflect the comprehensive effect of multiple metrics, distinguish complex degree of different sectors. The clustering results are consistent with the actual situations. These conclusions could provide recommendations for airspace planning and management. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Planning of Robust Conflict Resolution Trajectory HAN Yun-xiang, TANG Xin-min 2015, 15(5): 142-149.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1568KB) ( )   In order to obtain high altitude wind field value and enhance the robustness of the aircraft conflict resolution, the wind field linear and nonlinear filtering model are formulated according to the running state of the high altitude aircraft focusing on the real- time conflict resolution trajectory planning problems under the condition of fixed routes and high density airspace. Starting from the dynamic collaborative features of aircrafts, the aircraft online rolling conflict resolution trajectory planning scheme is proposed. The trajectory planning model is formulated through setting priority weights to each aircraft based on model predictive control theory and linear & nonlinear wind filter model. The constraint conditions include airway space constraint and aircraft performance constraint. The optimization cost function is put forward to reflect the control inputs and the presented optimization model can adapt to the state change of airspace. Besides, the wind filter model is taken as calibration process of aircraft motion forecast model. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed aircraft trajectory online rolling planning model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cascading Failure Model and Coupling Properties for Interdependent Networks of Hazardous Materials Transportation CHONG Peng-yun, SHUAI Bin 2015, 15(5): 150-156.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1609KB) ( )   To comparative study the cascading failure mechanism and coupling properties for interdependent networks of hazardous materials transportation, the model is proposed for interdependent networks of hazardous materials transportation which including physical network, service network and correlative- chain, the cascading failure model is also established. Regarding the average size of network cascading failure based on node degree as the measure of invulnerability. Simulation results show that, in the same number of failure nodes, the conductivity between physical network and service network is different, and the number of failure nodes for physical network is bigger than the service network' s; the interdependent networks invulnerability can be improved by changing the network model parameters, and enhancing the network model parameters of service network is much more effective than physical network' s, etc. These results can provide theoretical support for risk identification and emergency management of interdependent networks of hazardous materials transportation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-time Point Optimization Model for Empty Railcar Distribution WANG Bo, RONG Chao-he, LI Hao-dong,WANG Bao-hua 2015, 15(5): 157-163.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1360KB) ( )   Optimization of empty railcar distribution helps to improve the railcar service efficiency and meet the transportation demand. This paper defines empty railcar arcs and loaded railcar arcs from the perspective of real- time optimization, the revenue, cost and service capacity can be denoted on those arcs during the plan horizon. A time space service network of empty railcar distribution is present after mapping the relationship of those arcs. Based on the time space network, a multi- time point optimization model is proposed, with the objective of maximizing the total revenue of empty railcar distribution. At last, the model is verified by a real world example of east region of Guangzhou Railway (Group) Corporation. The result shows that the proposed time space service network and the model can reduce the difficult of the real world problem, and provide a new idea for empty railcar distribution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Freights Loading Problem with Balancing and Axle Weight Constraints ZHU Xiang 2015, 15(5): 164-171.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1342KB) ( )   To maximize of the utilization of the car capacity and the balancing level of the placement, an integer formulation model and an improved greedy adaptive search procedure (IGASP) are presented for the optimization of freights loading problem with balancing and axle weight constraints. Firstly, the algorithm use the designed construction heuristic to product the placements. Then, based on the analysis of boundary conditions of the center gravity, a feasibility analysis is introduced for the gained solutions, and two improvement procedures are designed for the ones with higher use rate but violate the axle weight constraints. Integrating these processes into the GASP, an improving procedure is further designed to search the optimal solution for the problem. The test with real world data demonstrates that the proposed algorithm is effective in solving the special freights loading problem with balancing and axle weight constraints. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization Model and Algorithm for Motor Trainset Utilization Scheduling Based on Routes Connection LI Jian, LIN Bo-liang, GENG Ling-qian, CHEN Lei,WANG Jia-xi, WU Jian-ping 2015, 15(5): 172-177.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1292KB) ( )   A 0-1 integer programming model is constructed for the motor trainset utilization scheduling by using switching network method, on the basis of initial utilization state and historical maintenance data. The model minimizes the total connection time and maximizes the accumulated mileage before maintenance of all motor trainset. The model takes the matching degree between the trainset and the route into consideration, as well as the additional routes at passenger flow peak. It also takes the maintenance mileage standard of motor trainset and connection time standard of route as the key constraint condition. In terms of the solution method for the model, a fast solving method is put forward based on particle swarm optimization. A case study verifies the effectiveness of the optimization model and solving method, and provides a reference for the motor trainset utilization scheduling. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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HSR Passenger Station Available Capacity Calculation under Train Reception and Departure Plan Established CHEN Tao，NI Shao-quan，PAN Jin-shan，SHEN Xue-song 2015, 15(5): 178-185.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2549KB) ( )   The calculation of HSR passenger station available capacity is of great significance to determine the feasibility of passenger train operation plan. The main influence factors of HSR available capacity firstly are analyzed. Then mathematical model of HSR available capacity based on the idle periods of tracks is built. A two-level heuristic algorithm, in which some optimization strategies are combined with intelligent optimization algorithm, is offered. In the first level, a feasible initial solution is found by using the policy of minimum idle period of track priority, the maximum parallel route priority, the minimum departure time of train type priority. In the second level, the Tabu search algorithm is used to search a satisfied solution based on the initial solution. At last, an example is used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization Model of Railway Construction Project Schedule ZHONG Yan，DONG Sheng-ying，LIU Reng-kui，ZHANG Ling 2015, 15(5): 186-194.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2209KB) ( )   In order to solve railway construction project resource imbalance problem and avoid labor slowdown or mechanical equipment idle occurrence, this paper aims at the resource leveling. The linear scheduling method is used to determine the critical path in a construction project. The optimized model of progress schedule suitable for Chinese railway construction project is built, and the difference of construction speed is solved. Using the actual data of ShuoHuang railway construction engineering, the validity of the model is verified. The results show that this model greatly reduces resource planning deviations value and the peak occupied resource value of actual construction schedule. Thus, this model has obviously effects on solving resource imbalance problem in Chinese railway construction project and has important theoretical and practical application values for improving scientific rationality of schedule in Chinese railway construction project. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic Link Traffic Flow Loading Based on Fluid Approximation JI Xiang-feng, ZHANG Jian, RAN Bin 2015, 15(5): 195-201.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1829KB) ( )   Dynamic link traffic flow loading is an essential component in the dynamic traffic assignment. In the loading models, point-queue model is widely used in discrete-time or continuous-time form. Based on the previous work, this paper briefly reviews the continuous time point queue based on the fluid approximation, which overcomes the negativity problem of original queue. Based on the observation that the original pointqueue model is actually a queuing model with a server and infinite buffer, a fluid flow approximation model is proposed to interpret the original point-queue model. Three essential components are a flow balance function, an exit flow function and a time-dependent capacity utilization ratio function, which are all in continuous form. Finally, with the discretization of the proposed model, outflow and queue are simulated on the link in three different scenarios, and the non-negativity of queue and flow first in first out (FIFO) can be easily observed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Passenger Volume Prediction Model of Transportation Hub Considering Holiday Effects CHENG Cheng，DU Yu-chuan，LIU Xin 2015, 15(5): 202-207.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1741KB) ( )   Passenger prediction model is one of the fundamental process in transportation hub management. The precise estimation of passenger volume provides instructions for transit scheduling and transportation hub management solution planning. At present, some of the studies are proposed in forecasting passenger and traffic volume. However, most of these studies fail to consider the holiday effect on passenger volume variability. Therefore, a passenger volume prediction model of transportation hub is proposed which take the holiday effects into consideration based on the seasonal ARIMA model that considers explanatory variables (SARIMAX) method. The metro passenger volume of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport Terminal 2 Station is used for calibration and prediction. The calibration results indicate that during spring festival, the passenger volume witnesses a relative decrease while increases would occur in other legal holiday periods. The mean absolute percent error of the prediction results is less than 5% . The accuracy suggested its advantage in passenger volume evaluation and on site application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Capacity Calculation Method of Urban Road Unsignalized T-intersections LI Ai-zeng,WANG Xiao-xiao, LIWen-quan 2015, 15(5): 208-215.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1311KB) ( )   Taking the joint influence of non- motorized vehicles and pedestrians on motor vehicles into account, the priority of traffic flows is divided into 5 ranks. Let major- road through traffic flows and equivalent people groups crossing the minor road be independent priority streams, this paper studies the potential capacity of each minor stream by gap acceptance theory. Considering the effects of higher- rank minor- stream vehicles and equivalent people groups crossing the major road on lower- rank minor- stream vehicles, the paper studies the potential- capacity adjustment factors of each minor stream applying probability theory, and the movement capacity of each minor stream is obtained. So the capacity calculation method of urban road unsignalized T- intersections is acquired. The results indicate that analyzing the joint influence of non- motorized vehicles and pedestrians on motor vehicles by equivalent people groups can simplify the capacity calculation process, and the capacity calculation results is also accord with the running conditions of T-intersections with more non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Sparse Matrix Problem in Trip Distribution Observational Data LUO Xiao-qiang 2015, 15(5): 216-222.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1289KB) ( )   The problem of sparse matrix in the trip distribution observational data are analyzed, and three different methods are put forward to calibrate the parameters of the double restraint gravitational model, as Parted Matrix Estimation, Zero Replaced Matrix Estimation and Incremental Matrix Estimation. By defining the Estimate Accuracy Index and the Estimate Effectiveness Index to measure the effects of estimation, this paper through the double restraint gravitational model equivalent mathematical programming with constraints, and compares three different analytical method of the estimation precision of the calibration method. On the basis of analysis, it used the methods of numerical simulation calculation, and contrasted the three estimation methods in accuracy and effectiveness. The conclusion finds that the calibration parameters by the method of the Zero Replaced Matrix Estimation have the best results in accuracy, and the calibration parameters by the method of the Incremental Matrix Estimation have the best results in effectiveness. The research results can be used as a theoretical basis of parameters calibration of observation sparse matrix in urban traffic planning in practical. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Two-stage Optimization of Container Assignment Based on Distribution Dispersion YU Hang, GE Yin-gen,LE Mei-long, TAN Cai-mao 2015, 15(5): 223-230.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2144KB) ( )   The optimization of resource scheduling for the container terminal is the key point of container handling. A new index called the distribution dispersion as the indicator of the optimization for the space scheduling of the production resources is touched, which is related to the container assignment model in the container terminal to improve the efficiency of the following works. The distribution dispersion is discussed both in the yard template scheduling and the block assignment in different dimensions. A two-stage optimization model which the first is a simulation model of the operations and the second stage is a mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model is built to find the best assignment solution. A series of real production data are used to carry out the two-stage optimization. An improvement of the handling and ease of the congestion are shown from the result. The profound meanings of the distribution dispersion are obvious in the scheduling of the resource from our research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Distributed MAS in Flight Conflict Avoidance ZHOU Jian, RAHMANI Ahmed, LIU Xin,WANG Li-li 2015, 15(5): 231-238.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1792KB) ( )   In order to solve the problem of flight conflict detection and resolution (CDR) in the background of free flight, an integrated CDR method based on assignment of flight level, heading and velocity is proposed, and distributed technology of MAS (multi-agent system) and a heuristic algorithm are combined for the algorithm implementation. Firstly, a framework of distributed MAS is designed. Secondly, a conflict detection model, a flight level allocation model and a heading & velocity assignment model are established. Finally, a distributed algorithm based on contract net protocol and an adaptive genetic algorithm are designed to solve the problem. Simulation results show that the MAS framework is feasible, and the combination of the designed distributed algorithm and adaptive genetic algorithm can search the approximate optimal solution rapidly, based on the allocation of flight level, heading and velocity, which provides a new solution to the CDR problem. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk Estimation to Vehicles Collision at Intersection Based on ARMA Prediction Model ZHANG Liang-li, ZHU He, WU Chao-zhong, ZHENG An-wen 2015, 15(5): 239-245.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1738KB) ( )   Speed time series collected as vehicles approaching an intersection can be used to predict several speed values as they subsequently entering it. Then, traveling tracks and spacing distances of the conflict vehicles are calculated by the predicted speed values, and the collision risk of them can be estimated. Because the speed distribution of a vehicle approaching to an intersection closes to the characteristics of random sequences, auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) theory is introduced to model the vehicle speed prediction. The modeling process includes time series data correlation test, p-q orders determination, formula coefficient estimation and model adaptability test. Test result shows that the ARMA model built by the previous 40 data of the observed speed time series could predict 20 values which are closed to the 20 observed ones. The other evidences of that are the normalized mean absolute errors of the conflict vehicles, which respectively equaled to 0.006 56 and 0.003 4. Further, the model built by all the 60 data of the observed time series is necessarily more applicable to predict vehicle speed, just as all the result values of the residual auto-correlation function test are less than 0.258 2. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Drunk Driving Recognizing Methods Based on KNN and SVM LI Zhen-long, HAN Jian-long, ZHAO Xiao-hua, ZHU Ming-hao, DONGWen-hui 2015, 15(5): 246-251.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1678KB) ( )   Drunk driving is a serious threat to road traffic safety. It is of great significance to identify drunk driving accurately. The drunk driving experiment is conducted in a driving simulator. The driving behavior parameters under the drunk driving and normal driving are collected. The steering wheel angle is selected as the feature based on analysis of variance and analysis of mean. The average sequence of steering wheel angle is calculated using a sliding data window. KNN and SVM are used to identify the driver's state. The optimum data window and the highest recognition accuracy of the two algorithms under different road alignment are obtained. The two classification methods are analyzed. The results show that the recognition performance of the SVM is better than that of the KNN. Data window has a significant effect on the performances of KNN and has no significant effect on the performances of SVM. References | Related Articles | Metrics