关键词: 城市交通, 调度评估, 社区发现算法, 共享单车内循环区, 分类管控

Abstract: To evaluate the actual dispatch of bicycle-sharing and attain refined operations, this paper introduces the Bicycle-sharing Inner Circulation Area (BICA) as the basic spatial unit, and proposes a dispatch evaluation and classified management framework with an empirical study in Shanghai. First, the riding and dispatch behaviors are identified using bicycle-sharing lock data, and the BICAs are delineated by combining community detection algorithms and spatial proximity. Then, a multidimensional evaluation index system is constructed, including the Inter-zone Dispatch Ratio (IDR), Batch Dispatch Ratio (BDR), Long-distance Dispatch Ratio (LDR), Average Dispatch Distance (ADD), and Dispatch Intensity (DI), to quantify the operational efficiency and spatial structure of dispatch behaviors. On this basis, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to classify the BICAs. The results show that the study area can be divided into over 200 BICAs, whose dispatch patterns exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity. For instance, the IDR is higher in the city center and areas surrounding the outer ring road, while the BDR and DI are higher in the southwestern suburbs. Furthermore, the clustering identifies four types of areas: Mature Urban, Scattered Long-distance Dispatch, Suburban Expansion, and Suburban Low-efficiency. Differentiated management strategies based on their respective dispatch characteristics are proposed, such as stable maintenance and efficiency improvement, optimized delivery strategies, intensive mode adjustment, and precise reduction of operations.

Key words: urban transportation, dispatch evaluation, community detection algorithms, bicycle- sharing inner circulation area, classified management