美国高承载率车道拥挤收费方案建模

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2015, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 204-213.

美国高承载率车道拥挤收费方案建模

范文博^*1,2

1．西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院，成都610031； 2. 马里兰大学城市理性增长国家研究与教育中心，帕克市20742，美国

收稿日期:2015-01-04 修回日期:2015-03-24 出版日期:2015-06-25 发布日期:2015-06-29
作者简介:范文博（1981-），男，河南商丘人，博士，讲师.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（71271176, 71473207）；中央高校基本科研业务科技创新项目（2682015CX042）

Modeling High-occupancy/toll Lanes in US

FANWen-bo^{1, 2}

1. School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 2. National Center for Smart Growth Research and Education, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA

Received:2015-01-04 Revised:2015-03-24 Online:2015-06-25 Published:2015-06-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来HOT车道（即高承载率车道拥挤收费方案）已成为美国重要的道路拥挤收费策略.为引鉴其实施经验和管理理论，首先介绍了HOT车道概念与特征，然后采用交通行为建模方法构建了HOT车道管理者与出行者互馈决策的双层规划模型.上层模型模拟管理者的定价策略；下层交通均衡模型模拟个体出行者根据收费水平和交通状态变化而调整出行选择的行为.根据实施方案和应用条件，设计算例分析评价18 种可能情形下HOT车道的拥挤管理效果.结果表明，较传统拥挤管理策略，HOT车道缓堵效果更高；同类出行者假设可能会低估HOT车道的缓堵效果；不同的政策目标下HOT车道的实施效果差异显著.

关键词: 公路运输, 交通拥挤管理, 双层规划模型, 高承载率车道, 拥挤收费

Abstract:

High occupancy/toll lanes (HOT) have become an increasingly popular countermeasure to manage the highway congestion in US. In order to draw lessons from the experiences and theories of HOT lanes, the paper presents the concept and literature of HOT lanes, and then establishes a bi- level programming model to simulate the interactions between the HOT lane operators and users. The upper-level model simulates how the operators develop the pricing strategies with various objectives, and the lower-level model addresses how the individual travelers respond to the price strategies and traffic conditions. The paper designs eighteen scenarios to analyze the highway performances of various HOT operations. Results show that, HOT lanes show better congestion-mitigating effects than the conventional measures; the homogeneity assumption tends to underestimate the effectiveness of HOT lanes; and different policy objectives have significant influences on the HOT lane operations.

Key words: highway transportation, traffic congestion management, bi- level programming model, highoccupancy vehicle lane, congestion pricing

中图分类号:

U491.14

范文博. 美国高承载率车道拥挤收费方案建模[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2015, 15(3): 204-213.

FANWen-bo. Modeling High-occupancy/toll Lanes in US[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2015, 15(3): 204-213.

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链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/abstract/abstract19016.shtml

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2015/V15/I3/204

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