交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2010, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (5): 22-27 .

• 综合交通运输体系论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

1975-2007年中国铁路机车耗能变化分析

何吉成*1,2;吴文化3;徐雨晴4   

  1. 1.中国铁道科学研究院节能环保劳卫研究所,北京 100081; 2.交通运输部规划研究院环境资源所,北京 100028; 3.国家发展和改革委员会综合运输研究所,北京 100038; 4.中国气象局国家气候中心,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2010-03-29 修回日期:2010-06-27 出版日期:2010-10-25 发布日期:2010-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 何吉成
  • 作者简介:何吉成(1976-),男,湖北省十堰人,副研究员,地理学博士,生态学博士后.
  • 基金资助:

    广梅汕铁路环境影响评价项目(2009JZB067HB09)

Energy Consumption of Locomotives in China Railways during 1975-2007

HE Ji-cheng 1,2;WU Wen-hua 3; XU Yu-qing 4   

  1. 1.Energy Saving, Environmental Protection & Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2.Division of Environment and Resources Research, Transport Planning and Research Institute, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100028, China; 3.Institute of Comprehensive Transportation of National Development and Reform Commission, Beijing 100038, China; 4.National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2010-03-29 Revised:2010-06-27 Online:2010-10-25 Published:2010-10-25
  • Contact: HE Ji-cheng

摘要: 根据中国铁路运输行业多年的统计数据,探讨了1975-2007年中国铁路机车的逐年能源消耗量,分析了中国铁路机车的能耗强度及其变化. 结果表明,1975年至2007年,中国铁路蒸汽机车的原煤消耗量逐年大幅降低,内燃机车的柴油消耗量和电力机车的耗电量逐年上升,但机车年耗能总量呈降低趋势,平均每年减少11.5万吨标准煤. 中国铁路机车的能耗强度呈明显的降低趋势,其值从1975年的267.9 kg标准煤/万换算吨公里降至2007年的35.6 kg标准煤/万换算吨公里,年均降低7.3 kg标准煤/万换算吨公里. 该研究对明确多年来中国铁路运输行业的机车能耗状况及其年际变化具有一定的意义,可为制定中国铁路运输行业的节能对策提供依据.

关键词: 铁路运输, 中国铁路, 能源, 机车能耗, 能耗强度

Abstract: Based on annual statistical data collected by the Chinese Railway Statistic Center, the energy consumptions of locomotives during 1975 to 2007 were calculated, and the energy consumption intensity and its dynamic characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the energy consumption of steam locomotives decreased while that of diesel and electric locomotives increased with time. The total energy consumption of locomotives in China decreased at a rate of 0.115 Mt standard coal equivalent per year. The energy consumption intensity of locomotives decreased from 26.79 g standard coal equivalent (converted t•km)-1 in 1975 to 3.56 g standard coal equivalent (converted t•km)-1 in 2007 at an average rate of 0.73 g standard coal equivalent (converted t•km)-1 per year. This study provides some valuable data on the status quo of energy consumption in the railway sector of China. Furthermore, the estimation presented in this paper can also give some suggestions for making energy saving strategy in China railways.

Key words: railway transportation, China railways, energy, locomotive energy consumption, energy consumption intensity

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