考虑从众效应和信息传递的行人疏散建模

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2014, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (5): 188-193.

考虑从众效应和信息传递的行人疏散建模

屈云超，高自友^*，李新刚

北京交通大学交通运输学院，北京100044

收稿日期:2014-07-07 修回日期:2014-09-17 出版日期:2014-10-25 发布日期:2014-12-17
作者简介:屈云超(1985-),男,河北唐山人,博士生.
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB725401)；国家自然科学基金重点项目(71131001).

Modeling and Simulating Herding Behavior and Information Spreading Process in Pedestrian Flow

QU Yun-chao，GAO Zi-you，LI Xin-gang

School of Traffic and Transportation，Beijing Jiaotong University，Beijing 100044，China

Received:2014-07-07 Revised:2014-09-17 Online:2014-10-25 Published:2014-12-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

行人疏散问题已引起学者们的广泛关注.通过对行人疏散动态行为特性进行研究，制定相关应急疏散策略对人群进行有效地控制和疏导，是减少拥挤踩踏事故发生的主要手段.本文从微观角度，运用启发式力学模型描述行人的运动行为，并且考虑视野条件、建筑物规模及信息获取等因素对疏散行为的路径搜索和选择过程的影响，建立考虑从众效应和信息传递过程的行人疏散仿真模型.仿真结果表明，从众行为能够从一定程度上提高行人的疏散效率，在密集的人群中，盲目从众会导致局部拥堵现象发生.

关键词: 城市交通, 从众现象, 力学模型, 行人疏散, 路径选择

Abstract:

Pedestrian evacuation has become a focus problem，and it has been widely concerned by scholars in recent years. It is very useful for managers to study the dynamic movement behavior of pedestrian evacuations. Making scientific evacuation strategies and effective controlling policies are the keys to reduce the accidents and guarantee the safety of pedestrians. In the microscopic level，based on the heuristic force- based model，an integrated simulation model is proposed to describe the herding behavior and information spreading process in pedestrian evacuation. The impacts of the factors on pedestrian route choice behavior，which includes the vision field，structure size，and gained information，have been included in the model. The simulation results show the herding behavior can improve the evacuation efficient in some level. In a density crowd，the herding behavior may lead to local congestion.

Key words: urban traffic, herding phenomena, force- based model, pedestrian evacuation, route choice behavior

中图分类号:

U293.1

屈云超，高自友，李新刚. 考虑从众效应和信息传递的行人疏散建模[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2014, 14(5): 188-193.

QU Yun-chao，GAO Zi-you，LI Xin-gang. Modeling and Simulating Herding Behavior and Information Spreading Process in Pedestrian Flow[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2014, 14(5): 188-193.

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链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/abstract/abstract18872.shtml

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2014/V14/I5/188

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