城市交通排放高分辨率分析方法研究 ——北京实证

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

交通污染减排政策呈现多样化、精细化和差别化发展趋势，传统交通排放模型在评价范围、评价尺度上的分辨率存在局限性.本文基于实时监测数据的交通流仿真模型、视频检测方法的车队结构分析和本地化工况的速度排放因子修正关系，提出了城市交通排放高分辨率分析方法，时空分辨率达到小时和路段级别，排放源可区分不同交通方式和本地外地.并以北京市机动车 NOx排放为例，对路网交通排放时空分布特征进行实证分析.北京市高峰时段路网交通排放量占全天排放的31.2%；高速路、快速路排放分别占路网排放总量的37.9%和38.8%；五环~六环间排放量占六环内排放总量的38.32%；货运车辆排放占路网排放比例达到47%.本文提出的城市交通排放高分辨率分析方法对精准定位交通污染治理时间、空间和对象，提升精细化决策水平具有一定意义.

关键词: 城市交通, 污染排放, 高分辨率, 大数据

Abstract:

Traffic pollution reduction policy has shown the trend of diversification, refinement and differentiation, the limitations of the traditional traffic emission model in evaluation scope and scale have become increasingly prominent. This paper focus on the research of traffic flow simulation model based on real-time monitoring data, analysis of fleet structure based on visual detection method, the correction relationship of velocity emission factor based on local operating model, from which a high resolution analysis method of urban traffic emission is proposed. This method can reach the hour and the road section level. The emission sources can be distinguished to the different traffic modes and the local field. In addition, based on a case study of Beijing, an empirical analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of NOx emission from the road traffic is conducted. The result shows that during the peak period, the NOx emission on the road network can take up to 31.2% of the whole day. Besides, highway and expressway account for 37.9% and 38.8% of the total emission respectively. The emission intensity between the 5th and 6th ring road is the highest, which accounts for 38.32% within the 6th ring. The emission of freight vehicles can reach up to 47% of all. Finally, the research points out that the high resolution analysis method of urban traffic emission is of significance to the accurate temporal, spatial and vehicle positioning of urban traffic pollution control, as well as contributes to the fine decision-making.

Key words: urban traffic, emissions, high resolution, big data

中图分类号:

U121

程颖，陈艳艳，刘莹，吴克寒，何巍楠，赵晋. 城市交通排放高分辨率分析方法研究 ——北京实证[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2018, 18(2): 236-244.

CHENG Ying, CHEN Yan-yan, LIU Ying, WU Ke-han, HE Wei-nan, ZHAO Jin. An Method of High-resolution of Urban Traffic Emission for Pollution Control: A Case Study in Beijing[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2018, 18(2): 236-244.

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链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/abstract/abstract19616.shtml

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2018/V18/I2/236

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