关键词: 城市交通, 差异化票价, 模拟退火算法, 城市公交线网, 广义出行费用, 发车频率

Abstract:

According to the imbalanced spatial distribution of passengers and capacity allocation in urban bus transit network, a differentiated pricing strategy between bus lines is proposed. The strategy adjusts the distribution of passengers by fare level. In view of the flat fare widely adopted in China, and on the basis of analyzing general travel costs of passengers, the improved multinomial Logit model was adopted. Further, an optimization model was proposed to describe the differentiated pricing strategy with fixed demand of urban bus transit network, in which the minimum total social costs was regarded as optimization objective, the carrying capacity and the charge limit were considered. Taking the characteristics of model into account, an optimal algorithm based on the simulated annealing algorithm was designed to synthetically optimize fare level and departure frequency of each bus line. Finally, the application of a typical bus transit network shows that an obvious improvement can be achieved with a low charge.

Key words: urban traffic, differentiated pricing, simulated annealing algorithm, urban bus transit network, general travel costs, departure frequency