Abstract: The paper introduces briefly the current situation and highway and waterway transport. The underlying trend of transport rapid and stable economy growth，the fast process of industrialization major challenges of China’s
demand in the background of and urbanization is analyzed and the state-of-the-art rationale of transport service under the guidance of scientific outlook on development is highlighted. Aiming at building a comprehensive transport system，it’s emphasized that coordinated management system and highly efficient mechanism are the most significant aspects.
besides system integration and linkage based on technological innovation and engineering practice. Taking reference of the strategic adjustment experience of transport development in developed countries，the strategic objectives and key measures of highway and waterway transport development
are discussed.

Key words: scientific outlook on development, comprehensive transport system, highway transport, waterway transport

摘要： 概要介绍了中国公路水路运输的基本能力和面临的主要挑战.分析了在未来中国国民经济持续快速增长，工业化、城市化进程加速形势下交通需求的主要特征，强调了要在科学发展观指导下加强对交通服务新理念的认识.针对建立综合运输体系问题，文章强调除了依托工程实践和科技创新增强系统整合与街接外，协调的体制、高效的机制更为重要.借鉴发达国家交通发展战略调整的经验，本文还提出了中国公路水路交通发展的战略目标以及重点行动.

关键词: 科学发展观, 综合运输, 公路运输, 水路运输