Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

Building Integrated Transportation System under Economic Crisis

JIA Shun-ping

2009, 9(6): 1-13 .

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The Fifth Advanced Forum on Transportation of China sets its theme as “building integrated transportation system under economic crisis”. This year’s Forum takes place when the world is swept by the economic crisis. However, China’s initiatives to tackle this economic tsunami by stimulating the domestic demand to grow the economy and enforcing a policy of speeding the infrastructural construction have created a major opportunity for the construction and development of its integrated transportation system. State-of-art and future direction of China’s intelligent transportation system are analyzed based on reviewing international latest trend. The development of integrated transportation and countermeasures against this economic crisis are introduced, along with progress of “transit oriented city” in China. Ideas about development of highway, railway, waterway, civil aviation, and ocean transportation are also proposed and deeply discussed at the Forum.

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Reviewing Traffic Impact Analysis Methods and Their Applications

WANG Gen-cheng, YE Zeng

2009, 9(6): 14-20 .

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Traffic impact analysis is a key step to achieve the balance between construction and surrounding traffic conditions. In the past few years, a lot of experiences on traffic impact analysis have been accumulated, related research system has also been consummated. To maximize the effect of traffic impact analysis on controlling building size and relieving traffic jams, multitudinous relevant methods were promoted. Although some methods get active effect under certain conditions, few achieved universal perfect results. Reviewing the existing methods, the paper gives some advises on several general recognized methods to optimize traffic impact analysis process and make better applications.

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Relationship between Traffic Impact Analysis and City Construction——A Case Study in Beijing

CHEN Yan-ling, DU Hua-bing

2009, 9(6): 21-25 .

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From 2004 to 2008, there were 1 179 construction projects experienced traffic impact analysis (TIA) in Beijing. To analyze the relationship between TIA and city construction, the paper summarizes the TIA project development trend and characteristics by project count and scale, geography position, and project type. The paper also analyzes the relationship between TIA and city infrastructure construction, especially the relationship with infrastructure construction investment, such as metro and urban road projects. Finally, the paper points out key issues and the problems existed in present work, such as the relationship between infrastructure construction and plan, road construction, and post project supervision. It also provides experiences for Beijing and other cities on TIA.

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Passage Traffic Analysis for Large Developmental Projects in Urban Fringe Region

WANG Fang, WANG Wen-yu, ZHAO Hui

2009, 9(6): 26-31 .

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Buliding large developmental projects in urban fringe regions has become a civil developing trend under the condition that urban area expanded contiously. Based on analyzing the limitation of traditional traffic impact analysis, this paper presents the fundamentals of passage traffic analysis. The object is selected to be those traffic passages constructed within short distance in the proposed project. The paper advocates traffic bottleneck studies according to surrounding passage traffic, and examines passage traffic sensitivity based on the impact analysis of the under-constructed project on passage traffic. It is necessary to identify the passages that the project should take. Finally, the proposed theory is illustrated by an example. The passage traffic analysis effectively dissolved the conflict between undergoing construction and passage traffic, which makes improvement of traditional traffic impact analysis. In this way, it avoids significant side effect on the passage traffic after construction.

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Quantitative Analysis on Standards of Traffic Impact Study

LEI Lei, YANG Xiao-kuan, XIONG Hui,CAO Jing

2009, 9(6): 32-41 .

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Based on extensive study of the traffic demand and actual situation of traffic impact analysis in Beijing, this paper proposes the evaluation criterion for traffic impact study. Four evaluation indicators are involved, which include variation of V/C ratio, complexity of conflict, capacity index of transit, and satisfactory degree of the public to projects. It implies that the traffic impact from project construction should be examined in terms of V/C ratio at intersections, traffic organization, public transit, and traffic conditions. With practical operations, the evaluation criterions are modeled and classified according to quantificational results. The impacts from projects are evaluated and defined to be passed, improvement needed, and rejected. The study provides applicable evaluation criterion for the quantificational traffic impact analysis in Beijing.

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On Accession Standards for TIA——A Case Study of Beijing

GUO Ji-fu, WANG Jing-mei

2009, 9(6): 42-46 .

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TIA threshold value has been studied in several foreign cities which was carried for the projects and its surrounding traffic status reach certain requirements. The threshold value study is still at its initial stage in China, and these studies mainly based on experiences. With the experiences of TIA in Beijing and research achievements in some foreign cities, the paper proposes that the TIA minimum building area in Beijing should be 2 m2 GFA for public building. The TIA minimum building area is different by building types and areas, such as 2-3 times for residential district than public buildings, 2 times for suburban districts than eight central districts.

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Research on Different Parking Supply in Beijing

YE Zeng,LIU Chang-ping, GUI Ning

2009, 9(6): 47-51 .

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Considering the differences in land use, traffic condition, and culture background, the paper puts forward a classify plan for parking supply in Beijing based on domestic and international experiences. Then, by analyzing the differences among roads network capacity, V／C ratio, vehicle trip purpose, parking composition, building attractive density, and vehicle parking characteristics, a formula is developed to examine the parking demand factor. Finally, the paper proposes the different coefficient for the parking space index determination of public building in Beijing.

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Analysis and Suggestions of Land Use Patterns along Rail Transit Corridor—A Case Study of Beijing Metro Line 1

SUN Sheng-yang, WANG Jiang-yan

2009, 9(6): 52-56 .

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One of the urgent tasks of urban development is promoting dynamic integrative plan between rail transit and land use. The status of land use around Beijing Metro Line 1 stations are analyzed using GIS package. With passenger volume analysis of Beijing Metro Line 1, some existing problems are addressed. The interactive relationships between passenger volume land use are analyzed from the aspects of the potential impact on surrounding land use from rail transit construction, and the relationship between the land use plan and passenger volume of rail transit. Finally, some suggestions are proposed for land use along rail transit corridor.

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Traffic Impact Analysis of Congestion Charge in Mega Cities

LIU Zhi-li,LI Chun-yan, LI Cheng

2009, 9(6): 57-62 .

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Traffic congestion has become increasingly common in most of mega cities in China. As an effective measure to mitigate traffic congestion, the congestion charge has been accepted in worldwide. This paper forecasts the traffic impact under the condition of implementing congestion charge in the old central districts of Beijing. First, this paper presents the importance of congestion charge according to the location, land use characteristics, and current travel condition of the old central districts. Then, it provides the congestion charge plan scenario by combing the value of travel time of Beijing and experiences from other cities. Finally, the paper evaluates the travel conditions under congestion charge measure based on travel demand model and proposes suggestions of implementing congestion charge.

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Period Selection of Traffic Impact Analysis Based on Cluster Analysis

CHEN Jun-li,LI Yan, LI Guang-yu, LI Yi-nan

2009, 9(6): 63-67 .

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This paper presents the methods of selecting studied period of traffic impact analysis based on the cluster analysis, and puts forward the concept for the construction projects classification. It determines the analysis period according to the similarity between the same categories. Meanwhile, with the residential project sampling survey data of continuous traffic volume in Beijing, the paper clusters all the samples and finally obtains the classified result according to the factor of location. With basic investigated data and consideration of the peak period of the outside network, this paper proposes the analysis period of residential projects in Beijing. It provides reference for consulting organization in TIA work.

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Travel Structure Indicator of Traffic Impact Analysis——A Case Study of Beijing

DU Hua-bing, CHEN Jin-chuan,LIU Zheng

2009, 9(6): 68-73 .

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In traffic impact analysis of construction project, the travel structure is a key index represents the transportation development model in the future. In some cases of traffic impact analysis, people judge travel structure subjectively. In this paper, base on the influencing factor analysis of travel structure index, the transportation district is refined and the travel classification is conducted with the city’s entire model as a foundation. Considering three kinds of influences to travel structure, the multi-level Logit model is developed for travel mode split. Finally, taking Beijing as an example to calibrate the model parameter, cluster analysis method is used to integrate the research achievement of travel structure, which provides reference for travel structure index determination.

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Application of Public Transit Model in Traffic Impact Analysis

LIU Chang-ping,AN Ju, XU Wei

2009, 9(6): 74-80 .

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Travel demand and supply analysis of public transit (PT) system is relatively weak in current traffic impact analysis (TIA). This paper aims to incorporate public transit model in TIA. It selects several evaluation indicators which reflects levels of service of public transit and satisfies the requirement of TIA. The analysis methodology of public transit in TIA is developed based on characteristics of PT system operation, Finally, a case of Beijing illustrates the process of evaluating operation and organization of public transit in TIA. This framework improves the evaluation system of TIA and extends the application area of public transit model.

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Traffic Impact Analysis using Microscopic Traffic Simulation Model

WANG Shu-ling,WANG Fang, QIU Rong-hua

2009, 9(6): 81-86 .

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Microscopic simulation plays an important role in traffic impact analysis (TIA). Based on the demand of TIA, the paper designs the traffic impact analysis procedure with traffic microscopic traffic simulation, which includes data prepare, OD demand forecasting, and parameter calibration, and so on. Taking the western area of Zhongguancun in Beijing as an example, it develops some improvement measures with present situation, meantime makes some adjustment of the improvement measures according to the simulation of VISSIM. The simulation shows that the traffic time and delays of the main road are reduced, especially the traffic speed of Zhongguancun Street’ is increased from 9.87 km/h to 12.53 km/h, and the average queue lengths reduced from 93.4 m to 70.3 m. The simulation results indicate that the improvement measures are relatively effective.

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Traffic Impact Analysis on Hongqiao Integrated Transportation Hub

CHEN Bi-zhuang, YANG Li-feng, WANG Zhong-qiang, SU Ying, LI Na

2009, 9(6): 87-91 .

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Hongqiao hub is a mega world-class integrated transportation hub in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period of China. During the process of planning, designing, and constructing, the hub ontology and surroundings always face the different transport challenges. Pertinent traffic impact evaluation and transport research have been developed for many times, and promoted continuous improvements of designs on the hub planning. The paper introduces the details on main purposes and content of the hub traffic impact evaluation at the period of hub ontology planning, designing, and the regulatory planning of surroundings, and analyzes the organization security system to the achievement. It also introduces the important results and applications on traffic impacts analysis which related to the hub function orientation, terminal layout on hub ontology, elevated layout on hub ontology in and out, interchange infrastructure service level in hub, commercial development on the hub ontology and development scale on designing and the regulatory detailed planning of surroundings.

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Scope Criterion of Traffic Impact Analysis in Shanghai

DU Yu-chuan, LIU Yu-bo, CAI Xiao-yu,SUN Li-jun

2009, 9(6): 92-97 .

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Analysis scope is one of the indexes of traffic impact analysis (TIA). Focusing on the shortcomings of current methods, the paper analyzes some key problems including analysis flow, typical road networks and so on, and proposes an effective method of disseminating analysis scope, which considering three main factors, road traffic surroundings, flows from project, and its direction. Taking Shanhai city as an example, the analysis scope are concluded based on five types area level (A-E) and their thresholds of TIA and level of travel flow. Results indicate that, at level
A and thresholds as 200-500, 500-1000 and ≥1000, their analysis scopes are 3, 3, 1 intersections, respectively. 5, 4, 2 are for level B, and 6, 5, 3 are at least for level C, D, E, respectively. The TIA is necessary when the regional traffic status located in level D and E, and the travel volume and TIA scope should meet level C.

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Traffic Impact Fee of Construction Project in Megacities

QIU Rong-hua1,WANG Gen-cheng1, LI Gao-fang2

2009, 9(6): 98-102 .

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Traffic impact fee (TIF) adds the funding of urban transport and regulates the supply relationship between land development and transport infrastructure. Considering levying range, fee standard, and fee usage, four principles for determining TIF are proposed. Then, four key factors affecting TIF are analyzed, including the traffic infrastructure investment caused by construction project, the project nature, the project location characteristic, and the government policy. Furthermore, some major difficulties in the work of TIF are discussed and some concepts of solutions are proposed, mainly about defining project type, establishing fee standard and levying and using of the fee, promoting social acceptance, as well as avoiding the clash with existing fee system. The conclusions provide references for the government to implement current TIF policies in China.

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Area Threshold and Impact Indicators of Regional Traffic Impact Analysis

AN Ju1,CHEN Yan-ling2, ZHOU Fu-quan2

2009, 9(6): 103-107 .

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The researches on regional traffic impact analysis (RTIA) is in the stage of theoretical exploration in China. As the premise and basis of research, there are some preliminary research methods to explore the threshold of RTIA land area, such as standard area antitheses. Based on that, the paper proposes some key factors of the threshold of RTIA such as total demand of regional trip, the total amount of vehicle travel, mixing rate of land utilization, road net system, and other relevant factors. Taking Beijing city as an example, the paper establishes the correlation model among the threshold of the area land, standard regional area, and key factors, then calibrates the standard regional area threshold and the key factor values with the latest city comprehensive traffic survey data. It also describes how to establish appropriate RTIA land threshold in traffic development of particular region which provides reference for future researches.

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Framework Analysis of Travel Demand Forecast Sharing Platform Based on Traffic Impact Analysis

LI Chun-yan, LI Xian,PENG Hong-qin, YANG Jun

2009, 9(6): 108-113 .

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Traffic demand forecast is an important basic work of the traffic impact analysis. The paper presents necessity of developing a travel demand forecast sharing platform with the analysis of current flowchart and key problems of the forecast model which is applied in the traffic impact analysis. Then, it puts forward the framework of the proposed sharing platform and provides a detailed description of principals, frameworks, and functionalities of core modules. The development of the travel demand forecast sharing platform provides an analytical platform which would improve the prediction accuracy of traffic demand in the traffic impact analysis procedure.

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An Analysis on Effectiveness of Transportation Demand Management in Beijing

HE Jian-wei,ZENG Zhen-xiang, LI Zhi-heng

2009, 9(6): 114-119 .

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From 2006 to 2009, a set of transportation demand management (TDM) policies were applied in Beijing during various important activities. This paper studies the performance targets, the implementation details and compares the effects of these TDM measures which implemented during different important activities. On the basis of TDM effectiveness analysis, it is evident that combined strategies are implemented successfully. At the same time, compared with evening peak-hour, the traffic status of morning peak-hour changes more significantly, morning peak-hour during the important activities should be paid more attention.

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Estimating Modal Shift of Car Travelers to Bus on Introduction of Bus Priority System

VEDAGIRI P., ARASAN V.T.

2009, 9(6): 120-129 .

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This study is concerned with estimation of the probable shift of car users to bus due to increase in its level of service after providing exclusive bus lanes on Indian city roads carrying heterogeneous traffic. The quantum of increase in level of service of bus due to introduction of exclusive bus lane was determined using a recently developed simulation model of heterogeneous traffic flow. The data of the other factors (variables) that might cause modal shift from car to bus were collected through home-interview survey based on the stated preference approach. A binary Logit model of mode-choice was then calibrated using the collected data and the model was also validated using holdout sample. Through this study, a set of causal factors, with reliable and predictable data base, to explain the variation in shift behaviour of personal vehicle users to buses consequent on the increase in the level of service of buses, has been identified. A mode-choice probability curve to depict the possible modal shift of car users to bus is developed, taking the difference in travel times of the two-modes as the basis to serve as a user friendly tool to analyze the possible modal shift for a wide range of values of the involved variable.

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A Multimodal Hierarchical-based Assignment Model for Integrated Transportation Networks

CHEN Shao-kuan, PENG Hong-qin, LIU Shuang, YANG Yuan-zhou

2009, 9(6): 130-135 .

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A hierarchical network and traffic assignment model is developed for multimodal transportation networks to meet the prediction of large-scale transportation demand in this paper. In the proposed model, the city center and transportation terminal of different modes are defined as central nodes and transfer nodes respectively to characterize travel behavior of passengers. The generalized cost function and route choice algorithm are also correspondingly improved to suit the proposed model. A computer-aided demand model is also developed to efficiently attain the analysis results for large-scale transportation networks. The applicability and availability of the demand model is illustrated by the case studies over Jing-Hu high speed railway in China.

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Bottlenecks Detection of Track Allocation Schemes at Rail Stations by Petri Nets

JIA Wen-zheng, MAO Bao-hua, HO Tin-kin,LIU Hai-dong, YANG Bo

2009, 9(6): 136-141 .

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Robustness of the track allocation problem is rarely addressed in literatures and the obtained track allocation schemes (TAS) embody some bottlenecks. Therefore, an approach to detect bottlenecks is needed to support local optimization. First a TAS is transformed to an executable model by Petri nets. Then distrubances ananlysis is performed using the model and the indicators of the total trains’ departure delays are collected to detect bottlenecks when each train suffers an disturbance. Finally, the results of the tests based on a rail hub linking six lines and a TAS about thirty minutes show that the the minimum buffer time is 21 seconds and there are two bottlenecks where the buffer times are 57 and 44 seconds respectively, and it indicates that the bottlenecks do not certainly locate at the area where there is minimum buffer time. The proposed approach can further support selection of multi schemes and robustness optimization.

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Optimization of Road Section Crosswalk Signal Design

ZOU Zhi-yun, ZHOU Zhi-hao, GE Huan

2009, 9(6): 142-147 .

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Signal settings of signalized urban road section crosswalks directly affect pedestrian safety and the vehicle delay of the road section. Based on the characteristics of pedestrians, this paper proposed the relationships between duration of pedestrian phase and the occurrence of pedestrian red light violation behaviors through the analysis of pedestrians and vehicles survey data collected from the road section crosswalk. It established a signal optimization model of the crosswalk, with the vehicle average delay minimization as an object and pedestrian green phase duration as a variable. The algorithm of the model was presented accordingly. Finally, with an empirical study, the paper illustrated that after optimizing the signal with the model, the average vehicle delay was reduced; meanwhile, the duration of pedestrian green phase was extended and the capacity of the crosswalk was improved.

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Optimum Transit Operations during the Emergency Evacuations

SONG Rui, HE Shi-wei, ZHANG Li

2009, 9(6): 154-160 .

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This paper presents an optimization modeling technique to develop an evacuation plan for transit-dependent residents during in the event of natural disaster such as the emergency hurricane situation. The transit evacuation operation problem is formulated as a class of location-routing problem (LRP) with uncertain demands. The objective function is set to minimize the total evacuation time. The LRP problem identifies the optimal serving areas and transit vehicle routings to move evacuees from the flooding affected zone to designated shelters or safe destinations. The computational experience is presented on the application of hybrid genetic algorithms, artificial neural network, and hill climbing heuristic algorithms. Numerical experiments are conducted using the real survey data from Gulfport, MS, to illustrate the proposed modeling technique. Experimental results show that the hybrid GA performs well both in quality and efficiency than traditional GA.

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Application of Ant Colony Algorithm in Train-Set Scheduling Problem

TONG Lu, NIE Lei,ZHAO Peng

2009, 9(6): 161-167 .

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Train-Set scheduling is one of the key technologies in traffic operation organization for high-speed railway. With reviewing the domestic and international correlative researches on high-speed train-set schedule and analyzing the circulating characters and the rules of high-speed train-set, the study developed an integer programming model based on the train diagram. It transformed connection and turnaround plans of train-sets into the traveling salesman problem (TSP) in a network, which contained several constraint conditions and objective functions. And then put forward the ant colony algorithm to solve the problem. It provides the effective algorithm of optimizing and using computer to workout the train-set scheduling of the high-speed or special passenger railway. Finally, the paper combines the Wuhan-Guangzhou Passenger Dedicated Line and use computer simulation to approve the feasibility and practicality of the algorithm.

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