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    Decision-making Forum
    Academician Qian Xuesen and the Creation of Transportation System Engineering ——Remembrance to Academician Qian Xuesen
    ZHANG Guo-wu,GU Jia
    2010, 10(1): 2-7 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (978KB) ( )  
    The new subject “transportation systems engineering” was shaped and developed thanks to the guidance and concern of academician Qian Xuesen. This paper introduces the creating process of “transportation systems engineering”, including introduction of systems science andsystems engineering, integration of systems engineering and transportation, definition, position, and property of “transportation systems engineering” and its basic theory and function, production process and service of transportation systems, stage descriptions of “transportation systems engineering” creation, establishment of master program and doctoral program, talents cultivation, as well as the theoretical systems and methods of “transportation systems engineering”. And then, it addresses the social practice, application, and promotion of “transportation systems engineering”. The paper expresses our deep remembrance to Qian’s concern and guidance.
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    On “Twelfth Five-Year” Waterway Transportation Strategy under Integrated Transportation Systems
    PENG Hong-qin
    2010, 10(1): 8-21 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2600KB) ( )  
    The 17th conference of “Traffic and Transportation Forum 7+1” focused on waterway transportation strategy under integrated transportation systems during the “twelfth five-year”. To establish and improve the integrated transportation systems, the conference positioned waterway transpiration, summarized the achievements and existing problems, and presented its overall strategy in the future. Several issues were deeply analyzed and discussed in terms of the management systems for inland navigation, ports and integrated transportation, as well as coordinated development of ports and cities. Meanwhile, with the cases of Shanghai ports and inland navigation of Guangxi province and the “grand transport” management system of Shenzhen, the conference explored their successful experiences and valuable development concepts, which provided reference for the waterway transportation strategy during the “twelfth five-year”.
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    Forum about Comprehensive Transportation System
    Calculation and Analysis of Transportation Energy Consumption Level in China
    JIA Shun-ping,MAO Bao-hua,LIU Shuang, SUN Qi-peng
    2010, 10(1): 22-27 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (859KB) ( )  
    The data of transportation energy consumption has aroused high attention of the decision-makers. The paper analyzes the differences between the statistical data of transportation energy consumption in China and the international statistical caliber, and thinks that the data of private vehicle, motorcycle, low-speed vehicle (agricultural automobile) are lack in the statistics of China. It develops a calculation model of transportation energy consumption based on the vehicle driving and calibrates related parameters. The result shows that, based on the correction of international caliber, the transportation accounts for 60.1% (36.4% according to the domestic statistics) of the total petroleum end-use consumption, and the transportation accounts for 12.7% (8.1% according to the domestic statistics) of the total energy end-use consumption. The paper also compares the transportation energy consumption level of China with other developed countries, and finds that the energy consumption per capita and the transportation energy consumption proportion are relatively low in China, but increase rapidly in recent years.
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    Co-integration Analysis of Freight Volume, Fuel Oil Price and GDP
    LU Yi, PENG Wei,WANG Li-zhi
    2010, 10(1): 28-32 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (699KB) ( )  
    In this paper, the dynamic discipline is studied among freight volume, fuel oil price, and the national economy to explore their stabilities, balanced status, long-term relationships, as well as the development of road transport industry. The actual data from 1978 to 2007 are processed with the software of Economic Views. The co-integration analysis, unit root test, Granger causality, and Johansen test are conducted, which develops the error correction model and seeks short-term dynamic fluctuation and long-term equilibrium relationship among them. The results show that: first, the co-integration relationship is existed among them, namely, they have formed a stable, balanced, and long-term relationship; second, the road freight volume cause GDP in Granger causality test, the change of road freight leads to a similar change of the national economy, and fuel oil price and freight volume takes change in the reverse direction.
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    On Mode with Parameters of Operational Subsidy of Urban Rail Transit
    TIAN Zhen-qing
    2010, 10(1): 33-37 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (745KB) ( )  
    Operating loss appears to be a problem that most urban rail transit enterprises have to handle. With analyzing its fundamental reasons, the paper points out the problems revealed in the application of cost post-recovery operational mode in the urban rail transit systems of China. A menu style subsidy approach with price caps is proposed based on experience analysis on public utilities regulation in developed countries. The calculation model for government subsidies is developed, and the method determining price caps of X-effectiveness factor and relevant influencing factors are also analyzed. Empirical studies are conducted with the data from 1997 to 2004 in a city. Results indicate that the proposed method optimizes enterprises’ operations, raises the efficiency of government subsidies, and creates a Pareto improvement.
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    Intelligent Transportation System and Information Technology
    A Cellular Automaton Model of Public Transport System Based on Cruise Control
    DING Jian-xun, HUANG Hai-jun
    2010, 10(1): 38-44 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (996KB) ( )  
    Concerning the public transport system, a new cellular automaton model of traffic is proposed using the cruise control approach. In the model, the buses would cooperate with other ones while driving and adjust their speeds based on the difference value between the current headway and the desired one. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed model can reproduce clustering of the buses along the route. By incorporating a cruise control strategy, the model helps in reducing the undesirable tendency of clustering by dispersing the buses uniformly along the route, and increasing the average speed and decreasing the average number of waiting passengers in public transport system. The system performance is then improved with the cruise control strategy, which has certain applicability and practical significance.
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    The Realization of Continuous Simulation-based Conflict-point Detection Model for Heterogeneous Mixed Traffic Flows in an Urban Intersection
    WANG Li-shao, MAO Bao-hua, CHEN Shao-kuan, ZHANG Kui-lin
    2010, 10(1): 45-53 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2276KB) ( )  
    In view of the current phenomena that the traffic flows in China are always heterogeneous mixed with motorcycles, non-motorcycles, and pedestrians, the continuous microscope simulation model is used to reflect the complexity of the intersection system with heterogeneous mixed flows. This paper introduces a conflict-point detection model (CD) which belongs to a new type of this kind of model, and then presents its detailed simulation method. Then, a simulation example of a classic Chinese intersection is given and compared with the observe values. The good degree of fitting shows that the CD model can reflect the complexity of intersection filled with heterogeneous mixed flows in China very well.
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    Bayesian Network Method of Speed Estimation from Single-Loop Outputs
    JIN Sheng, WANG Dian-hai, QI Hong-sheng
    2010, 10(1): 54-58 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (672KB) ( )  
    Real-time and accurate traffic speed is important for a successful traffic management system. However, the most common form of the single-loop detector is incapable of providing speed measurements. This paper presents a method of speed estimation from single-loop detector data using Bayesian network method. After analyzing the causal relationship between volume, occupancy, and speed, a Bayesian network model of speed estimation was proposed using volume and occupancy from single-loop outputs. The Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm were used to represent model and train model parameters, respectively. The proposed method is implemented and evaluated using the field data from urban expressways in Beijing. Estimated speeds are compared with the observed speed data and also with results from conventional algorithm. The results show that the proposed method is robust for every kind of sampling intervals, lanes, and traffic condition. The mean absolute error holds more than 2 km/h decrease. This method can be efficiently applied in traffic management system.
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    Optimizing Policy on Artery Signal Control of Dual Separated Roads
    LIANG Xiao, PENG Hong-qin, SUN Zhuang-zhi, GUO Ji-fu
    2010, 10(1): 59-66 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1368KB) ( )  
    The artery traffic signal control system is one of the most effective ways to reduce automobile running delay. In this paper, an artery traffic signal control optimization model is proposed based on the optimal system period and signal skewing, aiming at achieving the minimum of system delays and maximum of passing bandwidth. Taking the example of Zaojunmiao Road and Daliushu Road, an arterial dual separated road with four signalized intersections in Beijing, the paper proposes two optimization strategies of the artery signal control. The software VISSIM is used to simulate and evaluate the situations, including previous conditions and optimization. Simulation results show that the usage of overlapping signal phase generates better solutions for artery traffic control system, especially in the city like Beijing with more pedestrian volume and closer intersection layout. With the optimization control strategies advanced in the paper, it may expect that the total intersection signal delays of the roads decrease by 59.6%, and the average travel speed increases by 140.0% and 51.7% into and out of town respectively, where the traffic congestion has been greatly released.
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    Simulation of Accuracy Model for Vehicle Collision Avoidance Based on RTSSEP
    ZHANG Liang-li, WU Chao-zhong, WU Qing
    2010, 10(1): 67-71 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (945KB) ( )  
    The sensors of vehicle collision avoidance system are easily interfered by road transport environment when detecting information of obstacles, and therefore missed and wrong detecting are appeared. The causes are analyzed, and the detected information types are classified by their characters. According to the analysis and classification, a model used as an accuracy model for vehicle collision avoidance is to be described. To reproduce the characters of interference, the values of collision-judgment function are simulated by Monte-Carlo method. The experiments are carried out on road transport system simulation and experiment platform (RTSSEP), and the results of which can indicate that the simulation not only availably reappears the implementation of the model, but also supply data for the further detection reliability modeling.
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    Estimation of Time-Varying OD Demands Incorporating FCD and RTMS Data
    ZHAO Hui, YU Lei,GUO Ji-fu,ZHAO Na-le,WEN Hui-min, ZHU Lin
    2010, 10(1): 72-80 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1245KB) ( )  
    Time-varying origin-destination (OD) demands are the essential element in the modeling and evaluation of urban traffic planning and traffic management and control strategies. However, most of existing methodologies in estimating time-varying origin-destination (OD) demands are not able to be applied for real-world networks. This paper intends to develop a practical approach to estimate time-varying OD demands incorporating both floating car data (FCD) and remote traffic microwave sensors (RTMS) data. The paper proposes a framework of the methodology which includes two stages. The first stage is to estimate the controlling static OD demands based on RTMS data for the entire modeling period to ensure that the total modeled demands match the total observed demands. The second stage is to modify the controlling static OD demands to ultimately obtain the time-varying OD demands using the resulting time-varying splitting rates by a combined application of FCD and RTMS data. The paper applies the proposed methodology to derive the time-varying OD demands for the Western 3rd Ring-Road corridor network in Beijing, which is shown to be accurate and practical.
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    Benefit Evaluation Framework of Intelligent Transportation Systems
    HE Jian-wei,ZENG Zhen-xiang,LI Zhi-heng
    2010, 10(1): 81-87 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (846KB) ( )  
    This study proposes a practical framework to assess the evaluable societal profitability of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) projects, which are widely implemented in many cities of China. This work aims to estimate the whole economic benefit into an outcome figure which received great care from government authorities and transportation engineers. The initiative of proved framework is to maintain both the practicability in terms of data accessibility in societal reality and scalability in terms of its convincingness and academic value. A case study of assessing intelligent transportation management and control system in Beijing is conducted to further illustrate the proposed methodology. The investment for ITS can be enlarged more than 20 times,
    which shows significant “leverage effect” of ITS investment, and establishing intelligent transportation systemsis an effective way to resolve the conflicts between sharply increasing motor vehicle amount and limited city land resources.
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    Systems Engineering Theory and Methods
    A Neural Network Approach to Motorway OD Matrix Estimation from Loop Counts
    MUSSONE Lorenzo, GRANT-MULLER Susan, CHEN Hai-bo
    2010, 10(1): 88-98 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1274KB) ( )  
    A method has been developed to estimate Origin Destination (OD) matrices using a neural network (NN) model and loop traffic data collected from a UK motorway site (M42) as the primary input. The estimated ODs were validated against matched vehicle number plate data derived from the ANPR (automatic number plate recognition) cameras which were installed at all the slip roads between junctions 3a and 7 of the motorway. Key research questions were: whether it is realistic to use the full loop data, whether particular features of the data influenced modelling success, whether data transformation could improve modelling performance through variance stabilization and whether individual ODs should be estimated separately or simultaneously. The method has been shown to work well and the best results were obtained using a square root transformation of the training data and individual models for each OD.
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    Optimizing Model of Curb Parking Pricing Based on Parking Choice Behavior
    MEI Zhen-yu, XIANG Yi-qiang,CHEN Jun,WANG Wei
    2010, 10(1): 99-104 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (792KB) ( )  
    Curb parking is an indispensable part of urban public parking system. A reasonable curb parking pricing scheme makes contribution to improve the use efficiency of curb parking and to reduce traffic congestion. This paper analyzes the parking choice behavior from the micro-aspects, and the choice utility function is established to combine with the travel time, search time, waiting time, access time, and parking pricing. Through the utility function, the Probit-based parking choice behavior model is formulated. Based on that, the curb parking pricing model is proposed by considering the constrained conditions. Finally, the incremental assignment algorithm of the model is designed and the model is applied to the parking planning of Tonglin, China. The results show that the proposed model has practicality and reliability in the practical operation.
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    Calculating Model of Queuing Length at Signalized Intersections with Mixed Traffic
    CHEN Xiao-hong,QIAN Da-lin, NIU Zhi-qiang
    2010, 10(1): 105-111 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (820KB) ( )  
    Heavy traffic imposes a burden to the day-to-day operation of the world. It is rather important to develop a queuing length model which reflects the traffic condition at intersections. Based on the characteristics of mixed traffic in China, the paper proposes a formula to calculate the queuing length of vehicles conflicted by left-turn at the beginning of green light using traffic wave theory and traffic conflict theory. Then, with analysis on delaying vehicles at the beginning of red light, a dynamic calculation formula is presented. Finally, the queuing length model at intersection with mixed traffic is developed for Beijing city, and which is suitable for dynamic calculation. The feasibility of the model is illustrated by empirical studies. The results show high accuracy at different traffic conditions. The proposed model provides a theoretical basis to optimize signal timing and reduce traffic jam at intersections.
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    Air Ticket Discount Pricing Based on Time Varying
    SHI Fei,CHEN Sen-fa
    2010, 10(1): 112-116 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (612KB) ( )  
    Airline ticket pricing has been a concerned problem of civil aviation. It increases revenue by putting out the appropriate discount airline tickets during an appropriate time. The risk of passengers booking in advance is taken into account, and its probability meets the exponential distribution. And then, through dynamic game between airlines and passengers, an airline pricing model on the time is formulated. The different refund charges and the time intervals of different discount tickets are determined by the model. The results show that: ① if the cost of airline is lower, the booking cycle will be longer; ② the earlier we book an airline ticket, the cheaper it will be. Finally, an example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed method which reduces the airline’s sail costs while increases its revenue.
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    Bi-Level Programming Model for Airport Location in the Multi-Airport Region
    CAO Xue-ming, WANG Xi-fu
    2010, 10(1): 117-121 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (765KB) ( )  
    Scientific and rational selection of multi-airport site is one of the important decision-making problems which involve a number of factors and different interests groups, and generate coordinated capacity of each airport system and maximum benefits. Based on impact analysis of the departing air travelers’ airport random choice behavior a bi-level programming model is proposed to describe the multi-objective criteria in the process of location decision in the multi-airport region. The upper level model is to maximize the decision makers’ benefits and the lower level model describes the travelers’ airport choice behavior. Thus, benefits of both traffic decision makers and air travelers are considered in the proposed model. The heuristic algorithm is used to solve the model. Finally, an example is used to show the validity and rationality of the proposed model. The results indicate that the multi-criteria decision making method is close to the actual situation, and it has practical significance in the aspect of optimizing airport resource allocation and improving airport competitiveness in multiple airport region.
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    Modeling On-ramp Capacity with Driver Behavior Variation
    GUAN Yu, ZHANG Ning,ZHU Ji-shuang, YANG Xiao-bao
    2010, 10(1): 122-127 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (736KB) ( )  
    Considering the variation of drivers’ merging behaviors on the on-ramp of urban expressway, a gap acceptance theory model with variable critical gaps is proposed to measure the on-ramp capacity. When drivers travel along the acceleration lane of an on-ramp, the closer the driver is to the end of the acceleration lane, the stronger the driver’ intention of merging into the main road would be, and a smaller critical gap will be selected. Consequently, the drivers’ critical gap of merging decreases along with the acceleration lane of an on-ramp, which leads to the theoretical capacity of on-ramp at different position in the acceleration lane changed as well. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the difference in capacity between the variable and fixed critical gap condition. The results indicate that the on-ramp capacity of the proposed model is always larger than those of the conventional model with fixed critical gap. Moreover, the above-mentioned difference is more obvious under oversaturation conditions.
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    Stochastic Dependent-Chance Programming Model and Algorithm for Stage Plan of Marshalling Station
    LI Hao-dong,HE Shi-wei, SONG Rui, ZHENG Li
    2010, 10(1): 128-133 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (734KB) ( )  
    Under the current operation mode of railway, the contradiction between the robustness of stage plan and the arrival time of inbound trains becomes increasingly intense. To improve the robustness of the stage plan, this paper addresses the problem of optimizing the marshalling station stage plan with the random arrival time of the inbound trains (compared to the arrival time of inbound trains of schedule) by stochastic programming methods. A dependent-chance programming model is developed with the object function to maximize the probability of keeping the stage plan feasible under the fluctuation of inbound train’s arrival time. Then, a hybrid intelligent algorithm based on stochastic simulation and tabu search is presented in the paper. The numerical experiments show that the algorithm can converge within a short time and the dependent-chance programming can produce a more robust stage plan and improves the decisino basis of the computer-aided dispatching plan.
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    Modeling of Urban Traffic System Based on Dynamic Stochastic Fluid Petri Net
    LI Jing-yu, LI Qi-qiang, YANG Li-cai
    2010, 10(1): 134-139 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (764KB) ( )  
    Urban traffic system, which is characterized by dynamics, concurrence, and synchronization, is a hybrid dynamic stochastic system involving discrete and continuous behaviors. Modeling and analyzing the urban traffic system is the key to deeply understand the whole traffic and to better guide and control of urban traffic system, especially under the current traffic status characterized by frequent congestion and considerable complexity. The study proposed the dynamic stochastic fluid Petri net (DSFPN) with well mathematical analysis ability, which provided a good description of the dynamic and stochastic character of the urban traffic system. The dynamic attributes and the stochastic actions of urban traffic system can be modeled by DSFPN. Then an example of an intersection are modeled and presented in this paper. The simulation and performance analysis of urban traffic system model is introduced to indicate the validity of the DSFPN.
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    Investigating the Effect of Travel Time Variability on Drivers’ Route Choice Decision via Discrete Choice Analysis
    GAN Hong-cheng, YE Xin
    2010, 10(1): 140-144 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (708KB) ( )  
    This paper investigates the effect of travel time variability on drivers’ route choice behavior. A stated preference survey is conducted to collect drivers’ hypothetical choice data between two alternative routes with designated unequal travel time and travel time variability. A binary choice model is developed to quantify trade-offs between travel time and travel time variability across various types of drivers. In the model, travel time and travel time variability are respectively measured by expectation and standard deviation of random travel time. The model shows that travel time and travel time variability on a route exert similarly negative effects on drivers’ route choice behavior. In particular, it is found that middle-age drivers are more sensitive to travel time variability and less likely to choose a route with travel time uncertainty than younger and elder drivers. In addition, it is shown that taxi drivers are more sensitive to travel time and more inclined to choose a route with less travel time. Drivers with rich driving experience are less likely to choose a route with uncertain travel time.
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    Short-Term Traffic Flow Forecasting of Road Network Based on Elman Neural Network
    DONG Chun-jiao,SHAO Chun-fu,XIONG Zhi-hua,LI Juan
    2010, 10(1): 145-151 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (907KB) ( )  
    The methodology of short-term traffic flow forecasting is presented in this paper based on Elman neural network, which sets sub-network as objectives. To simplify road network analysis, and to reduce dimension of solution space, this paper extracts space characteristics of traffic flow and split the road network more scientific and rational based on general space distance. Then, it introduces Elman neural network to forecast traffic flow of multi-sections in the road network whose input vector is constructed by time series of traffic flow. In the last section, the methodology is tested using traffic flow data from the road network, which is compared to the method of BP neural network. The methodology can split the road network into several sub-networks satisfying short-term forecasting demand, and short-term traffic flow forecasting of the road network is realized by Elman neural network. The results are proved to be super to the method of BP neural network.
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    Calculating Method for Urban Road Network Capacity under Restriction of Bypassing
    CHEN Qun, GUAN Han-fei,YAN Ke-fei, YAO Jia-lin
    2010, 10(1): 152-157 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (706KB) ( )  
    Combining an analysis of characteristics and rules of trip distribution in reality, the paper proposes the calculating method to determine urban road networks capacities, which avoids overlong bypasses and considers the restriction of road capacity. Based on the given proportions of trip distributions between all origin-destination (OD) pairs, the capacity is calculated by incremental loading of traffic. Detailed process and steps of solution is introduced, and the multiple path-incremental loading assignment method was applied with consideration of characteristics of the solution method. The numerical example proves the efficiency of the proposed method which can be used to determine urban road network capacity and evaluate the adaptability of present road networks.
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    Taboo Search Algorithm of Delivering and Fetching Scheme for Non-through Vehicle Flow
    XIE Jin-bao
    2010, 10(1): 158-163 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (704KB) ( )  
    The optimal vehicle fetching and delivering schemes of non-through vehicle flows for the actiniform dedicated lines is a complex combined optimization problem. When the number of the lines is noted by n, the number of the schemes reaches (n!)2. The traditional algorithm is time-consuming to solve the problem. To increase the calculating efficiency, the taboo searching algorithm is applied to the process both solving the delivering scheme and the fetching scheme. The main factors of the taboo searching algorithm are designed, and by the instance simulation for two cases, the effectiveness for the algorithm to solve the fetching and delivering scheme is verified. The simulation results show that the more the number of the dedicated lines, the longer the calculating time is; In the condition that the number of the dedicated line is given, the smaller the number of the schemes equivalent to the optimal scheme, the bigger the searching range will be and the longer the time needed for calculation will be. If the number of the dedicated lines does not exceed 8, the time needed for calculating the schemes does not exceed 3 s which meets the requirement of railway production practice.
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    Cases Analysis
    Releasing Characteristics of Pedestrians and Bicycles in Urban Signalized Intersection of Green Time
    LIU Jin-guang,LIU Xiao-ming, YU Quan,RONG Jian
    2010, 10(1): 164-169 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2556KB) ( )  
    Mixed traffic is one of the most remarkable transportation characteristics in Chinese cities. With extensive research on the releasing characteristics, the paper presents a definition of the two-stage of the releasing characteristic. The first stage is that the pedestrians and bicycles enter the crosswalk in the form of conglomeration; the second stage is that the pedestrians and bicycles enter the crosswalks stochastically. The variation of the inner structure of the conglomeration in the first stage of green time is analyzed, and a method of “suppositional grids” is presented to describe the conglomeration. The model of space occupation ratio is developed to describe the dynamic movement of conglomeration. Then, the characteristics of the pedestrians and bicycles are illustrated by a field study. A time-space chart of the pedestrians and bicycles is extracted. It can be found the curve is dense before the 8th second of the green time, which is considered as the first stage of the releasing time, and the following green time is regarded as the second stage. Because of differences of the velocities, the bicycles usually surpass the pedestrians to get the front of the conglomeration. Based on the model of space occupation ratio, the space occupation ratio of the conglomeration is observed to increase first and decrease then.
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    Transit OD Matrix Estimation Based on Ticket Survey Method
    AN Meng,CHEN Xue-wu, LI Zi-mu
    2010, 10(1): 170-176 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (690KB) ( )  
    This research takes “The Changzhou public transportation network optimization project” as the background. A method named ticket survey method is proposed, from which the bus station OD is obtained easily and exactly. Then combined with the characteristic of the ticket survey method, the bus station OD is obtained by Visual Basic program language. Finally, by the attachment relationship between plots and bus stations, attraction weight coefficient is introduced and the relationship of assignment weight is established, then the transit OD matrix can be estimated from bus station OD. The model is based on the ticket survey method. It takes bus station OD as middle transition parameter and uses the relationship between plots and bus stations for estimation, instead of conducting the massive iterative computation. In this way, the new model may be applied to large-scale transportation network problems.
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    OD Matrix of Transit Passenger Flow with Note Survey
    MENG Yong-ping, ZHANG Sheng,DING Ming, WU Zi-xiao
    2010, 10(1): 177-183 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (801KB) ( )  
    The conventional public transportation passenger flow OD investigation has such as low sampling rate and with low accuracy. This paper proposesthe investigation method: small note survey. This method can simultaneously collect the board-alight number on stops and each passenger’s OD information along the route. Based on the data of small note survey, the paper presentesthe analysis method to get the transit passenger flow OD. The algorithm of obtaining each passenger’s OD information is described with principle analysis of the note survey. The origin information is obtained via ACCESS. The accurate transit passenger OD can be obtained through revision and magnify. And then, the section flow and board-alight number are obtained by transit assignment after introducing the accurate transit passenger OD to EMME. This method has been implemented in Xiamen transit passenger OD investigation with good effects, which shows its effectiveness.
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    Price Game between Intercity Railway and Bus
    BIAN Chang-zhi, LU Hua-pu, YU Xin-xin
    2010, 10(1): 184-189 . 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (801KB) ( )  
    Because of the construction of intercity railway in economically developed regions of China, the competition in passenger transport market become more intense. The results of competition rely on the strategies used by operators. Based on discrete choice theory, mode split of intercity travel is proposed using Nested Logit model. The relationship between passenger flow and ticket price is analyzed, and the profit function is developed. A static price game model of complete information is presented. The existence and computing method of the Nash equilibrium price solutions are also proposed. The numerical results indicate that the proposed Nested Logit based model and Logit based model give different equilibrium solutions, and the Logit based model leads to excessive profits of public transit operators. This study is useful for the configuration of intercity transportation system.
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