Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

Sustainable Development of China’s Urban Traffic Ⅱ

Zhang Guowu

2007, 7(4): 1-12 .

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The topic of the 7th Conference of “Traffic and Transportation Forum 7+1” is the sustainable development of urban traffic in China. It has mainly discussed some views on the sustainable development of urban traffic, the evaluation index system of the sustainable development of China’s urban traffic, reformation of the compressive transportation management system, improvement of the intergraded urban-rural passenger traffic in large and middle cities of China, as well as some countermeasures. Many helpful conclusions and proposals are presented in this conference.

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Review of Traffic and Transportation Development Theory Study of China

Zhang Guoqiang, Wang Qingyun,Zhang Ning

2007, 7(4): 13-18 .

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In this paper, the theory of traffic and transportation development is defined as the optional theory—which focuses on developing mechanism, efficiency and modes of the national or regional traffic and transportation. To this extent, the references of domestic transportation research are systematically reviewed, and are placed into two categories: one is comprehensive transportation developing theory for studying the distribution of transportation system resource, which including transportation arrangement and system analysis; the other category is the theory of transportation adaptation, transition and structure for studying the relationship between the development of transportation and economy. The subjects and theories of this study, the system of theory development, and the economic background are analyzed and evaluated in this paper.

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Ideas and Practice of Public Transport Priority

Quan Yong-shen, Sun Ming-zheng

2007, 7(4): 19-23 .

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In the course of urbanization and motorization, the supply strategy of following the demand has been used in many cities for transportation development. The result is that private cars have increased rapidly, public transport has deteriorated, and the traffic has congested badly day by day. It has been put forward definitely that public transport priority is the key not only for improving the urban transportation but also for the sustainable development of urban areas. The key points of public transport priority are confirming the public transport orientation, changing the supply strategy, integrating the resources and taking the traffic demand management strategy for private cars etc. An example has been shown to illustrate the practice of public transport priority in Beijing.

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Hierarchy Analysis and Strategies on the Imbalance between Supply and Demand of Urban Traffic

Zhou Jing, Zhu Zhen-tao

2007, 7(4): 24-29 .

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It is well-known that traffic congestion results from the imbalance between supply and demand of urban traffic. However, there exists the phenomenon of “shifting the burden” in urban traffic management. We have pointed out that this phenomenon stems from the lack of understanding of the essential cause of traffic imbalance and the validity evaluation of the traffic strategies. In order to probe the essence of traffic imbalance, we have divided the traffic imbalance concept into structural imbalance and coupling imbalance. It has also been pointed that there exist game relationships with conflict of interest and dynamic reaction between traffic supplier and travelers. Based on the effect analysis of game relationships on the urban traffic, the hierarchical strategy frame is proposed to balance the relationship between traffic supply and demand.

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Research on Functional Orientation and Development Patterns for Comprehensive Transportation Information Platform

Zhang Ke, Wang Gang, Du Yong, Li Jing, Xu Yan, Chen Zhi-hong, Zhang Ji-sheng

2007, 7(4): 30-35 .

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Based on a review of the development course of Comprehensive Transportation Information Platform (CTIP) in China, as well as the analysis of its status quo and existing problems, the reason of the diversity of CTIP in different cities is explained by the different forms of the same functional orientation of CTIP in different developing courses and in different developing stages. The unified functional orientation of CTIP is analyzed. Three kinds of feasible development patterns for CTIP suitable for different cases in China, which are Government Behaviour Model, Government Construction-Privacy Operation Model, and Government Guidance-Privacy Operation Model, are put forward. The construction pattern, operation pattern, service pattern, and sustainable developing pattern for each of the above-mentioned patterns, as well as the applicability, are introduced.

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A Model for Road Network Stochastic User Equilibrium Based on Bilevel Programming under the Action of Traffic Flow Guidance System

Cao Shou-hua, Yuan Zhen-zhou,Li Yan-hong, Wu Xian-yu

2007, 7(4): 36-42 .

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With the application of the traffic flow guidance system (TFGS), some travelers will choose their paths according to both the guidance information and their experiences. In this paper, the benefit-cost of the traffic flow guidance system and the random user equilibrium under the action of traffic flow guidance system have been combined. Based on the relationship between the effects of traffic guidance and the construction cost, the optimization plan is founded. The relationship between the optimization system and the random users under the action of traffic flow guidance system is described by using the bilevel programming system, and an arithmetic based on the sensitivity analysis is put forward.

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Research on the Multi-objective Assembled Optimal Model of Departing Interval on Bus Dispatch

Dai Lian-gui,Liu Zheng-dong

2007, 7(4): 43-46 .

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The proper and effective optimal model of the departing interval is the key to the dispatching scheme optimization and the bus service improvement. Based on the existing model and the alteration rule of the passenger movement, this paper has adopted the thoughts of handling the departing interval by the multi-objective assembled optimizations to build the model of departing interval on bus dispatch aiming at the minimal fee of the passengers and bus companies. The model has been applied to the bus demonstration route of Guangzhou based on the local bus surveying data and proved to be feasible.

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A Study on Moving Pedestrian Tracking Based on Video Sequences

Yue Hao, Shao Chun-fu, Zhao Yi,Chen Xiao-ming

2007, 7(4): 47-51 .

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The study on tracking of moving pedestrians based on vision sequence is presented in the paper. The video sequences are processed by the background extraction and adaptation, moving objects detection, shadow detection, eroding and dilating image in order to create the moving pedestrian contour. The change of the moving pedestrian contour location and area is taken into account by the method presented here. The method first computes the centre coordinates and radius of the circle through the pedestrian contour. Secondly, the matching matrix is established by the change of the location and the radius between the different circles at two successive frames and the matching moving objects have been found. The method is tested by using the video sequences of actual measurement and the experiment results are analyzed. Under the experiment condition, the contrails of the moving pedestrians are clearly drawn with a little noise at the different image sampling interval. Finally, the application condition of the method is described.

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The Technical Study and Experimental Analysis on Intelligent Controlling Velocity Road

Qian Yong-sheng,Guang Xiao-ping, Cheng Yong-hua, Zhou Bo

2007, 7(4): 52-56 .

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This paper has introduced a kind of new technology on controlling velocity. According to the hydraulic pressure principle, the liquid flow change, which is caused by the vehicle speed change, can automatically recognize the speed. This technology can only reduce the speed of vehicle whose speed is higher than the established critical speed. The paper has described the work equation of state about the intelligent controlling velocity road, studied its design length, the group number and the application domain, and analyzed the tests. The conclusion is the intelligent controlling velocity road can prevent the traffic accident because of overload and overspeed.

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Design and Simulation on Signal Phase for Pedestrians Twice Crossing at Large Signalized Intersections

Chen Zhenqi, Chen Shaokuan, Lin Lin, Mao Baohua

2007, 7(4): 57-65 .

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Designs on signal phases for twice crossing are very crucial to pedestrians when they are passing through a large signalized intersection. A method overlapping and combining the phases of pedestrian and vehicle signals is proposed. The detailed schemes of signal phases has been work outed considering different vehicle signals and the setting conditions for twice crossing. Comparing the schemes for signal phase design, the simulation model to evaluate them is constructed by maximum averaged waiting time on waiting areas (including safety island) within a signal cycle. The proposed method has also been employed to analyze the scheme of signal phases for pedestrian twice crossing on a practical signalized intersection.

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Evaluation of Traffic Safety Facilities of Expressway

Wang Jianjun,Liu Yicheng,Wu Yisong

2007, 7(4): 66-70 .

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The traffic safety facilities of expressway are the indispensable infrastructure of expressway, and the evaluation of traffic safety facilities system of expressway will play an important role in alleviating the expressway safety problems effectively. This paper has considered the factors influencing current situation of traffic safety facilities system of expressway synthetically and established the system of evaluation index. Through the analysis of some examples, it has been proved that it is feasible to use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to carry on the evaluation. It is hoped that this research can offer some beneficial references for the evaluation of traffic safety facilities system of expressway.

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Optimizing the Location of Intermodal Freight Hubs: An Overview of Agent Based Modelling Approach

ACKCHAI Sirikijpanichkul, KOEN H van Dam, LUIS Ferreira, ZOFIA Lukszo

2007, 7(4): 71-81 .

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This paper aims at developing an integral model for the evaluation of road-rail intermodal freight hub location decisions. The model comprises four dominant agents namely, hub owners or operators, transport network infrastructure providers, hub users and communities. An agent based modelling approach is introduced to allow such negotiation to happen in order to achieve a global objective. The paper outlines the methodology to be used. It also presents an initial location selection process, a testing with individual objective functions, and a design for an agent based model by using a case study of intermodal freight hub location decisions in South East Queensland of Australia.

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Analyze on the Characters and Operations of Road Transportation Safety in Cold Area

Jiang Xiancai, Pei Yulong

2007, 7(4): 82-89 .

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The paper focuses on the situation in the cold area of China that the transportation safety management of the road is passive and negative, the coordination between managements is poor, and the efficiency of emergency rescue is low in snow-icing weather, analyzes the characters of road transportation safety in snow-icing weather, and summarizes the national and foreign disposal strategies to deal with snow-icing traffic. And then three effective operations which can reduce the impact on road transportation safety by snow-icing weather has been received--the provision of information, traffic control, and dealing with the snow. It has also analyzed the safety effect of each operation from the perspective of road maintenance managers, emergency managers, traffic managers and road users. Probably it is helpful to improve the operations of road transportation safety of snow-icing weather in the cold area of China.

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Using GIS Spatial Analysis to Survey the relationship between Urban Density and Travel Demand
——A Case Study of Dalian and Shenyang

Peng Hu, Lu huapu

2007, 7(4): 90-95 .

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Urban density is one of the most important factors that weigh the travel demand. It not only portraits the extent of travel demand, but also provides us with an effective quantitative way to analyze the influencial factors of travel demand. Two cities have beeb selected as the study area: Dalian and Shenyang in this paper. GIS spatial analysis technique is introduced to overcome the average character of general density and the urban densities with spatial difference being obtained. According to the character of urban travel demand, urban densities have been divided into single density and composite density. Next spatial analysis method and spatial statistics method are used to study the relationship between urban densities and trip production, trip distance, trip time and trip mode. Some conclusions have been drawn after the analysis: different urban densities have certain effect on the different travel demand. In certain threshold scope, the urban density and travel demand have monotonous relationship.

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A Method of Regional Road Network Evaluation Based on
DEA and Gray Correlation Analysis

Nie Wei, Shao Chunfu, Yang Liya, Niu Xuejun

2007, 7(4): 96-100 .

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A new method called gray correlation analysis method based on DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) is presented to evaluate the regional highway network. It integrates favorable aspects of both DEA and gray correlation analysis, and takes the latter as a central model. DEA determines the weight vector of correlation coefficients for each Decision-Making Unit (DMU) to calculate the relatively optimal correlation degrees and then realizes the priority order of the objects. This method can avoid the subjectivity when the weight vector is determined and get the optimality of the prior order evaluation by non-uniform weight. Finally, an example of highway network assessment of some provinces in China is given to prove the validity of the method.

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Analysis of Highway Basic Section Serving Level Based on Grey Clustering

Zhu Changfeng,Wang Qingrong, Zhu Changsheng

2007, 7(4): 101-105 .

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Highway basic section serving level is an important content to analyze highway transit capacity. In this paper a maiden adoption of the grey clustering theories is introduced to analyze highway basic section serving level, and a multiple-objective model on analyzing the highway basic section serving level is set up based on grey clustering. Based on constructing whiteness matrix and whiteness functions the clustering weight coefficients and the clustering coefficients are calculated, and the comprehensive analysis result of the highway basic section serving level is obtained by the clustering coefficients. Finally a case study is carried out to verify the validity, objectivity and applicability of this model through calculated and analyzed practical data. The characteristics and applied scope of this model are also given which shows that the model mentioned above has the value to be referenced for analyzing the highway basic section serving level.

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Road Traffic Freight Volume Forecast Based on Support Vector Machine Combining Forecasting

Gao Shang, Fang Jing

2007, 7(4): 106-110 .

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It turns out that the excepted effect gains verification, effectively improves the model accuracy, and makes more exact forecasting, which expects to be helpful to concerned departments and personnel to grasp the traffic market trend or make decisions. The grey system forecasting model, neural network forecasting model and support vector machine forecasting model are proposed in this paper. Taking the road goods traffic volume from the year of 1996 to 2003 in the whole country as a study case, the forecasting results are got by three methods. From the forecasting results, we can conclude that the accuracy of the support vector machine forecasting method is higher. Analyzing the characteristic of the combining forecasting method, based on the grey system forecasting model, neural network forecasting model and support vector machine forecasting model, the linear combining forecasting model and support vector machine combining forecasting model are set up. Compared with single prediction methods and linear combining forecasting method, the accuracy of the support vector machine combining forecasting method is higher.

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A New Cellular Automaton Model with Consideration of Driving Ability

Hua Wei ,Xu Liang

2007, 7(4): 111-114 .

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It is very effective to study and simulate urban traffic flow by using cellular automaton (CA) model. But in the foregoing CA models they do not specially consider how different driving abilities impact on the whole vehicle movement. Nowadays, nearly 30 percent of drivers are new drivers in Beijing and they have contributed directly to traffic jams, and even to traffic accidents. In order to exhibit the relation between drivers’ skill and vehicular movement, a new CA model is proposed by introducing one factor to represent driving ability. Some simulations have been done and show that the attendance of new drivers slows down the average velocity of the whole traffic flow. When all drivers have better abilities, cars run quite smoothly. After new drivers join, global alternations between free flow and traffic jam appear in the whole vehicular flow. It looks like wave promulgation. And the more new drivers exist, the shorter the wave periods become. The angle of wave crest to horizontal direction is also sharper.

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Application of DEA on the Post Evaluation for Train Inspection Effectiveness

Liu Zhi-li,Yang Li-ya

2007, 7(4): 115-120 .

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Train inspection greatly affects the quality of freight car operation. Hence, the post evaluation of train inspection distribution has become one of the most important evidences for wagon departments to decide the time when train inspection distribution should been adjusted. This paper presents that the train inspection effectiveness index can be regarded as post evaluation indexes and develops the analytical model with DEA method. It reveals with the operation data from train inspection institutes that it is the worker quantity that affects goods train on time rate the most and the evaluation results from the model are consistent with realities. Therefore, the method of post evaluation provided in this paper is capable of being applied to train inspection by wagon departments.

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Research on Interval-number Evaluation Method and Solutions for Traffic Congestion in Urban Road Sections

Xia Xue,Deng Wei,Hu Qizhou

2007, 7(4): 121-125 .

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This paper has studied the problem of traffic jams of city road sections through the knowledge of interval-number mathematics. On the basis of considering each factor of traffic jam sof city road sections with the relevant knowledge, the multilevel interval-number evaluation of traffic jams of city road sections has been presented. This paper has alos brought forward some countermeasures and methods in resolving city road section traffic jams and has analyzed them with actual examples. They have been applied to the practical evaluation of traffic jams of city road sections in a city and some positive results have been obtained.

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Applying System Dynamic Model to Calculating the Socioeconomic Benefits
of Railway Project

Liu Yi,Jia Yuanhua, Feng Lu

2007, 7(4): 126-130 .

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Socioeconomic benefit evaluation is the main precondition and foundation in railway project planning and decision. On the basis of the analysis of the characteristic and process of socioeconomic benefits, this paper has established the system dynamics model（SD）based on the inherent mechanism between railway construction and economy development. This system has been divided into two subsystems: railway transport demand subsystem and supply subsystem. Versim can be used to simulate and calculate the socioeconomic benefits of the main railways. And then, an example of Jingjiu Railway Fuyang Section has been illustrated. The final conclusion is external and logical on the whole. This research has helped to standardize the management and decision-making of railway projects and provided basis to decision making in mass construction period.

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A Study on the Influencing Factors of Bicycle Transportation Based on Individual Mode Choice

Yang Chen, Lu Jian, Wang Wei, Wan Qian

2007, 7(4): 131-136 .

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Bicycle transportation occupies a significant part in urban passenger traffic in China. Whether the residents will choose bicycles is directly effected by various kinds of factors. This article has analyzed the microcosmic factors that influence the choice of bicycle transportation，which are defined as “the influencing factors of bicycle transportation based on individual mode choice”, by classifying them into three categories－the individual characteristics, the trip information and the subjective perception on the traffic modal level of service. The article has expected to search out these factors initially, made a study on the relativity and the internal relationship among the factors, and then analyzed the weights of the factors and the operation principle of the mode choice. For this purpose, the article has established a Binary logit model which containes “factor analysis”, and expatiated on the application of the model by using the instance of Nanjing city. The results can provide useful information for policy-makers and transportation planners to establish sustainable transportation system and develop harmonious transportation.

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Summary of Bus Rapid Transit Application Effect
At Beijing South-Centre Corridor

Lin Zheng, Wu Jiaqing

2007, 7(4): 137-142 .

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This paper presents the actuality of South-Centre Corridor Bus Rapid Transit line, summaries and analyzes the application effect from the management condition, service level and social benefit. And then it puts forward the proposals with the aim of providing the reference for the operation and planning of BRT system.

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Analysis on the Trip Characteristics of
Urban Motorcycle Traffic

Zhao Liping, Jin Wenzhou, Yang Yazao

2007, 7(4): 143-147 .

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This paper has analyzed the moving and safety characteristics of motorcycles, and their influence on urban traffic and environment. Based on motorcycles, all kinds of mobile trip modes are analyzed by generalized cost. With the trip survey to the inhabitants and social economy investigation in Jiangmen city, discussion is made on the motorcycle traffic characteristics and the trip cost, and suggestion on how to deal with urban motorcycle problems is put forward through the example of Jiangmen city, which can supply some references to establishing practical countermeasures on developing urban traffic.

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A Study of Shipping Cargo Flux Prediction for Dalian Port

Yu Xinyang, Zhao Yichuan

2007, 7(4): 148-153 .

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The author’s task in this thesis is to build RBF Network—Monte Carlo cargo throughput predicting model, predicting cargo throughput for Dalian port from 2006 to 2010, plus 2020 single year, based on historical data. In addition, another task in this thesis is to analyze the credit of predicting result by using Monte Carlo, based on RBF Network predicting algorithm. Finally, the probabilities of predicting result in every result extent have been gained. The feasibility of RBF Network—Monte Carlo cargo throughput predicting model is verified in this thesis and the result of prediction can be used as references for Dalian Northeast Asia shipping center construction.

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