Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

Sustainable Development of Urbar Traffic

ZHANG Guo-wu

2007, 7(3): 1-10 .

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Research is to identify the major factors influencing the sustainable development of unban mobility in China and its working mechanism through analyzing the current situation,the existing problems and the challenges in the context of rapid urbanization and energy security.Based on these objectives,academic system for the sustainable urban mobility system will be established through rigorous academic; policy proposals will be put forth through researching the situation of polices implementation of urban transport; and finally demonstration programs will be carried out to support the formation of academic system and policy proposals in the research to put forth the theoried, methods, experience and demonstrations from the perspectives of multiple disciplines including urban, transport, energy, environment, vehicle and policy.

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Consideration on Corridor Planning and
Resource Optimal Allocation of Beijing-Shanghai Corridor

RONG Chao-he, WU Hao, CHENG Nan

2007, 7(3): 11-18 .

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Jinghu Corridor is the most important transportation aorta in east China. Two outstanding problems exist in the construction of Jinghu corridor. The one is lack of necessary scientific verification on the function orientation of new railroad, as well as route and site selection of related railroads and stations. The other is to start working of several parallel railroads at the same time. From the perspective of resource optimal allocation, the new railroads that are far away from cities should be service mainly for railroad freight transportation, while the existing railroads that are through cities should be for railroad passenger cars and the railroad passenger stations in cities should be reserved, which is the better choice. Corridor planning is vital to increasing the whole efficiency of transportation network and corridor resource allocation. So it is necessary to plan according to hierarchy and set up rational system. In this paper, “trigger mechanism” is designed to make sure that under the integrated planning system, transportation projects could not be put in practice unless they pass through the essential phrases of cognizance, activation and trigger program.

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The share ratio factors analyze of freeway and other parallel highway in the same transportation corridor

Cheng Shidong,Wu Yutao,Cheng Linggang

2007, 7(3): 19-23 .

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It is very important of share ratio of freeway and other parallel highway in the same transportation corridor for the traffic forecast. This paper analyzed from the basic mechanism and it’s pursue goal, the action object and the highway properties are analyzed, including the economic level, the vehicle difference, the length difference between freeway and parallel highway, the grade difference, the traffic flow level, the traffic fee and so on. The factors analyze is very directive to define the ratio in practice.

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Benefit Analysis of Time-saving for Freeway Project Based on Social Evaluation

LIU Zi-ling,LV Yong-bo,FU Peng-bo

2007, 7(3): 24-28 .

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There are time-saving benefits in both economic and social evaluation for freeway project. Because of the later development of social evaluation, some indexes are not perfectly defined, in the meantime, there are many kinds of indirect benefits in social evaluation, and these make social evaluation more difficult. Beginning with the difference about time-saving benefits between economic evaluation and social evaluation, this paper has analyzed the composing of time-saving benefits in social evaluation, and measured them from three aspects including micro, middle and macro angles to help make right decisions in freeway projects.

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Research about the optimization of intermodal empty container Reposition of land-carriage

WANG Bin, WANG Zhong-chen

2007, 7(3): 29-33 .

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The paper uses integer programming to research repositioning of intermodal empty container of land-carriage .In the model, the objection is to minimize the cost of repositioning empty containers from port to port, from provider to port, from port to demander. It takes into consideration that the requirment of empty container from the damanders，the ability of supply of empty containers from the providers and storage ability of empty containers in the ports，load limit of empty container by varied transport methods. We adopt Lingo8.0 to solve the modle. The computing result shows that the modle can reduce the repositioning cost effectively on the condition that it satisfies the requirment from the damanders，the ability of supply from the providers and storage ability in the port etc. The modle raises the efficiency of repositioning of intermodal empty container of land-carriage by shipping companys.

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STUDY ON TIF ABOUT NEW CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Wang Gencheng, Liu Xiaoming,Qiu Ronghua

2007, 7(3): 34-38 .

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In some large domestic cities, the law policy of Traffic Impact Evaluation has been put forward, which promotes the harmonious development of urban land usage and urban traffic system. Traffic Impact Fee (TIF) is derived from Traffic Impact Evaluation. It is an additional part of traffic infrastructure construction and reconstruction for a new project. In this paper, TIF includes traffic improving fee, traffic compensation fee as well as traffic accident cost. This paper also studies the calculating measure of TIF’s constitution and the critical V/C value, which is helpful to the establishment of regulation and legislation of TIF in the future.

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Function analysis and application design of Floating Car System

GUO Jifu WEN Huimin,CHEN Feng

2007, 7(3): 39-44 .

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As a novel and economical means to collect data of network, Floating Car System is widespread concerned, which is applied in Route Guidance and incident detection etc. On the basis of the traits of Floating Car System, the user demands of each transport departments are analyzed and then the system functions are defined. Application logical modules are developed and some important results based on the Floating Car Data of Beijing are illustrated in this paper.

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Application of Genetic Algorithm in Dynamic Route Guidance System

Zou Liang,Xu Jianmin Zhu Ling-xiang

2007, 7(3): 45-48 .

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By applying random A* algorithm, this paper clears out the biggest obstruction between the genetic algorithm and dynamic route guidance, which is how to get the initial generation of genetic algorithm. The developed models and algorithms are implemented with Guangzhou’s electronic map and their computational performance is analyzed experimentally. The results indicate that dynamic route guidance A* algorithm is suited for route guidance problem in FIFO dynamic network, that dynamic route guidance Q-learning algorithm is suited for route guidance problem in steady non-FIFO dynamic network and dynamic route guidance genetic algorithm is suited for route guidance problem in vertiginous non-FIFO dynamic network.

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Technique and Standardization Research of Radio Data System-Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC)

GAO Yong, WEN Hui-ming

2007, 7(3): 49-54 .

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Radio Data System-Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC) is one of new traffic information service technologies; it has low-cost and cover-wide characters. Based on the practice experience on RDS-TMC researching and test system, the local standards of Beijing and technical resources of RDS-TMC, this paper introduces and analyzes the tech-chain and information service characters of RDS-TMC. The development survey which Europe developed RDS-TMC quickly and successfully and China had done work in RDS-TMC is summarized; the core standards of RDS-TMC are researched.

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Design and Implementation of a Web-GIS System for Urban Traffic Guidance Based on J2EE

NING Song-cheng, CAI Bai-gen

2007, 7(3): 55-59 .

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In this paper, a system scheme of Web-GIS system with triplex-frame model based on J2EE is proposed. Then, taking Beijing as an example, technologies such as Struts, Hibernate and JDBC are adopted to construct a real-time B/S system for urban traffic information distribution and guidance. Such a structure can overcome the limitation that the present traffic Web-GIS system is only traffic management oriented. The Web-GIS system uses MapXtreme Java Software as a GIS manager to represent a Thick Client/ Server model. In order to obtain real-time traffic information, real-time GPS data from floating vehicles on road is applied to map-matching with the GIS data of the queried road dynamically, considering some important road news. By this way, reliable guidance information can be provided to travelers.

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Application of Net Gap in Railway Passenger Information Service System

Wang Fu-zhang,Yang Jing,Shen Hai-yan,Jiang Qiu-hua

2007, 7(3): 60-63 .

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It is required to protect the informations transferred between the interior-net and exterior-net of the Railway Customer Information Service Platform. In this paper, the “physical separation” principle of net-gap is pictured firstly, and on the base of net-gap, a new net security scheme for Railway Passenger Call-center System is designed. It is demonstrated that this scheme has the advantages of simple, fully separation and fast transmission.

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CONTINUOUS OPTIMIZATION METHOD FOR INTEGRATED LAND USE/TRANSPORT MODELS

YING Jiang-Qian

2007, 7(3): 64-72 .

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A basic framework for the sensitivity analysis and continuous optimization of integrated land use/transportation model is proposed in this paper. It is shown that separate sensitivity analysis procedures for a land use model with exogenous travel costs and a transportation network with elastic demand can be combined to get a sensitivity analysis procedure for the integrated model. Sensitivity analysis based techniques can then be used for the optimal design of land use plans and transportation policies so that certain social surplus functions are optimized. The proposed method is illustrated with a residential location model with a congestible transport network sub-model.

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Analysis of Vehicle Delay on Road Sections under the Condition of Pedestrian Crossing

FENG Shu-min, PEI Yu-long

2007, 7(3): 73-77 .

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This paper analyzed the running characteristics of vehicles and pedestrian under different crossing conditions by studying the three conditions of pedestrian crossing including crossing freely, crossing in non-signalized crosswalk and crossing in signalized crosswalk. Vehicles delay was studied under the three conditions on the assumption that the arrival gap between pedestrian and vehicle obeys negative exponential distribution and the calculation method of delay under different condition is described. The result indicates that, selecting appropriate crossing mode for pedestrian can decrease vehicle delay effectively, especially when the traffic of pedestrian and vehicle is heavy, setting crosswalk (including signal control and non-signal control) can greatly decrease vehicle delay.

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Study on Bus Regional Scheduling Travel Plan Organizing Method

ZOU Ying

2007, 7(3): 78-82 .

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Bus regional scheduling is one scheduling method that resolves the problem about that vehicles are short in rush hours and leave unused in other hours, so to achieve information resource and transport ability sharing. With the service objective of multi-line regional scheduling, the paper provides the regional scheduling optimization model considering scheduling mode and dispatch schedule simultaneously, which aim is the overall optimal society benefit (total passengers waiting cost, cost inside bus and bus company cost are minimum). Moreover the idea of ‘scheduling one route after another, then optimizing to be a network’ is put forward. And taking three bus lines in Beijing as an example, the model is tested.

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Dynamic User Optimal Model with Departure Time－Appliccation of Bilevel Programming in Dynamic Traffic Assignment

REN Hua-ling, GAO Zi-you

2007, 7(3): 83-89 .

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In this paper, a bi-level variational inequality (VI) model for dynamic user optimal (DUO) problem is proposed. The travelers can choose the departure time and the route at the same time to minimize their disutility and travel time at any decisive point. The chaotic approach is used to solve the bi-level VI model, and the solution can give not only the travel demand of every interval, but also the link inflow rates, the link outflow rates and the link flows at each interval.

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Research on Trip Generation Rate of Office Buildings in Beijing

DU Hua-bing, CHEN Jin-chuan, GUO Ji-fu

2007, 7(3): 90-93 .

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Generally, trip generation rate (TGR) is one of the most important parameters that reflect the relationship of city land-use and transportation development. TGR is also the start point in the process of urban transport planning and traffic impact analysis (TIA), etc. In some developed countries such as USA, Some researches are conducted frequently and continuously to publish up-to-date version of Trip Generation, which give support to planners and engineers in their analysis work. But it is impossible in China for there is no standard of trip generation rate for any kinds of offices and that makes it difficult for reasonability and precise in many quantification works. The paper gives a set of trip generation rate for office buildings based on some surveys and analysis of trip generation of several office projects in Beijing.

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Research on Module of Driver’s Steering Reaction upon
Simulative Tail-crashing Environment

REN You,XU Hong-guo,LI Xian-sheng,WANG Wei-xu,XU Jun

2007, 7(3): 94-99 .

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The driver’s steering reaction time in the traffic accident is very important significance to drivers’ reliability and traffic accident reasons. The linearity regression is used to construct the model based on the data got from the questionnaire, drivers’ static indexes(deepness aesthesia, attention centrality, attention assignment) and steering reaction time of drivers upon the driving stimulator, and also proved to the validity of the model through data check-up. It is found that it is linear principle among the interrelated factors and reaction time in 95% level; and the preciseness is 79%, so the affecting of other stochastic factors should not be ignored except driver’s psychologic factors ,driving experience and age when driver’s reaction time is studied. This kind of method has offered an effective way for studying driver’s reacting behavior in emergency case.

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Method for Floating Cars Sampling Cycle Optimization

ZHANG Cun-bao YANG Xiao-guang YAN Xin-ping

2007, 7(3): 100-104 .

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Floating-car system has become a new way to collect real-time traffic data, which has many advantages such as high precision, large coverage area, etc. This paper describes composing of floating-car system, presents a theoretical method for floating-car sampling cycle optimization: regards speed as a stochastic signal, analyzes its frequency spectrum using Fourier transform, and decides the optimal sampling frequency by Shannon sampling theory. The result shows that the optimal sampling frequency can acquire high data precision, which is suitable for practical application.

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The Simulating Calculation and Optimization Design of The Tracing Time Interval of Trains in Aim-interval Control Mode

WEI Fang-hua, WU Qian, LIU Lan

2007, 7(3): 105-110 .

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By analyzing essence of trains control style about aim-interval control mode, this paper expatiates on the disadvantage of the conventional formula, which ascertains the tracing time interval of trains basing on average speed. According to the Computer Simulation Technique, the tracing time interval and corresponding mode curve, which is based upon aim-interval control mode, are simulated and calculated with proper models and algorithms which are put forward by this paper. As the same time, considering the fact that the tracing time interval of trains is always enslaved to station arrival interval, this paper put forward optimization design method that is based on decelerating ahead of schedule of trains when trains come into the station, and introduces corresponding model flow. At last, this paper test and verifies the above model and relative programs with application examples.

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International Compare and System Analysis about Factors
Contribute to Road Traffic Safety

MAO Li-zeng, DUAN Li-ren, MAO En-rong

2007, 7(3): 111-117 .

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This paper takes road traffic safety status in 26 representative countries and regions worldwide as researching objects, including developed countries such as U.S.A, Japan, U.K, France, etc. and developed countries such as China, Vietnam, India, Thailand, etc.. The studied road traffic safety factors cover 7 aspects such as motor vehicles owned, the mileage of the total road, GDP, population, the GDP per capita, traffic safety objectives. In order to evaluate road traffic safety, the death toll, the injured number, the mortality rate per ten thousand vehicles, mortality rates per 100 000 persons and fatality are adopted. Based on the comparison and analysis of traffic accidents, the relation of road traffic safety factor in the above countries is systematically analyzed. And Kendall correlation coefficient of every parameter is calculated with SPSS. According to the result and the situation of every country, five important conclusions and revelations are presented. They lay beneficial roots for studying road traffic safety deeply.

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Short-term Travel Time Prediction for Urban Networks

LIU Hao, ZHANG Ke,VAN ZUYLEN-Henk

2007, 7(3): 118-124 .

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This paper presents a hybrid model for urban arterial travel time prediction based on so-called state space neural networks (SSNN) and the extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Previous research showed the SSNN is able to deal with complex nonlinear spatio-temporal problems. However, the SSNN models required offline training with large data sets of input-output data. The main drawbacks of such a requirement are first the amount of time and effort involved in collecting, preparing and executing these training sessions. Second, as the input – output mapping changes over time, the model requires complete retraining. To improve the effectiveness of SSNN, the extended Kalman Filter is proposed to train the SSNN instead of conventional approaches. A densely used urban arterial in Netherlands was selected to test the performance of this model. This paper compared the performance of this proposed model with two existing models. The results of the comparisons indicate that this proposed model is capable of dealing with complex nonlinear urban arterial travel time prediction with satisfying effectiveness, robustness, and reliability.

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Research on the Optimization Method of Railway Parcel Express Trains Plan

WANG Ying, LIU Jun

2007, 7(3): 125-129 .

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Based on comparing with freight train formation plan and passenger train plan, this paper analyzes the characteristic of railway parcel express trains plan. Considering the orientation of railway parcel express train, the cyclic use of wagon and the fluctuation of demand, this paper researches on the optimization method of railway parcel express trains plan without fixed demand, capacity constraint and fixed formation. By analyzing the relations among freight flow, wagon flow and train flow, on the basis of candidate path of train this paper builds an ILP model aiming to maximize the profit and considering the trains run in pairs. By resolving this model, reasonable section, number and formation of railway express trains plan could be gotten.

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Traffic Safety Analysis on Speed and Speed Limit

Ma Zhaoyou, Li Gang, Li Pingfan

2007, 7(3): 130-133 .

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This paper discusses the relationship between speed and crash frequency, and the relationship between speed and the severity of crashes. It also expounds the influence of speed-dispersing on crash and the relationship among speed limit, speed and safety. It analyses five main reasons which effect speed such as driver attitudes and behavior, vehicle performance, traffic capacity, environment and management measures.

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Impact of Weight Enforcement on Overloading Decision of Motor Carriers

HANG Wen, LI Xu-hong

2007, 7(3): 134-139 .

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On the basis of principle of marginal cost pricing, the paper discusses the two prevalent standpoints of fine-overloading dilemma and severely-penalty strategy and describes them through microeconomic models. The severely-penalty strategy model has been improved and the impacts of enforcement intensity and marginal penalty on overloading decision of motor carriers are discussed using this improved model. Conclusion is gained that the minimum expectant marginal penalty must be ensured to make overloading enforcement efficient and some restriction factors in enforcement design and implement are also discussed to explain the reasons why repeat penalties at statewide enforcement sites are in vogue actually in China.

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Competition Model between Urban Rail and Bus Transit

MA Chao-qun,WANG Yu-ping,CHEN Kuan-min

2007, 7(3): 140-143 .

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With the development of rail transit in big city in China, there must be volume competition between rail and bus transit. After analysis on the affect factors of attracting volume between rail and bus transit, this paper obtained the contest region between these two transits through trip time and trip distance. To replace utility function by general cost function which is easier to be quantitated, this paper built the competition model between urban rail and bus transit. The curve of the volume share between rail and bus transit can be obtained by this model which is a good method to calculate the share.

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The Research on the Railway Dedicated Passenger Line
Passenger Service and Dispatching System

SHI Yu, YANG Hao

2007, 7(3): 144-148 .

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The Passenger Service Dispatching System of Railway Dedicated Passenger Line(RDPL) is a management information system based on the business demand of passenger service dispatching.Through real-time graphic management,it use message trigger mechanism to associate all kinds of business and procedures with decentralized features and controllable stochastic attribute relevant to RDPL operations. The system consists of eight modules including Plan Enquiry,Train Tracing,Passenger Flow Analysis, Transport Statistical Analysis,Equipment Monitoring,Video Moitoring,Exceptions Response and Information Release. The paper describes in detail the functionality of the system based on each module and puts forward system architecture model based on B/S mode. The simulation experiment system which realized core processing functions has been developed based on this architecture model, with a profound significance to the construction of the system.

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Study on Road Traffic Guarantee System for Children

NIU Xue-jun,CHEN Wen-jie

2007, 7(3): 149-153 .

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Road accident injury is often regarded as one of the main reasons of child accident injuries. How to provide the children road safety protection is an important topic the whole world concerns about. Many experts and scholars have made study and research while this problem can’t be solved on the whole. How to set up a protection system which includes management, education and scientific research, etc. is a core of this paper. The authors hope this system can be built on the base of national rules and regulations, helping children gradually form good traffic safety awareness and behavior habits, keeping knowledge and abilities to change the traffic safety awareness of Chinese, to the general aim of getting rid of the human factors in traffic accidents.

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