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25 February 2019, Volume 19 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Decision-making Forum
Forum about Comprehensive Transportation System
Intelligent Transportation System and Information Technology
Systems Engineering Theory and Methods
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Decision-making Forum

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Celebrating the 32nd Anniversary of the Institute of Systems Engineering and Founding of Civil Aviation Specialty PENG Hong-qin, ZHANG Guo-wu 2019, 19(1): 2-5.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2601KB) ( )   With the rapid development and to achieve powerful nation in civil aviation, new requirements are put forward, such as quality and quantity of professional talents in research, planning and design, and operation management in professional fields, in China. The 53rd conference of“Traffic and Transportation 7+1 Forum”sets its theme as“Celebrating the 32nd Anniversary of the Institute of Systems Engineering and Founding of Civil Aviation Specialty”. It introduces the symbolic achievements of the institute of systems engineering, and the conditions of undertaking civil aviation specialty. It also analyzes the development achievements, prospects and construction idea in China's civil aviation industry. The current situation and key problems of air-rail intermodality is analyzed. At the same time, the countermeasure of developing air-rail intermodality are put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Group Decision Making Method with Related Fuzzy Multi-attribute Base on R-THIOWGA Operator XU Xiao-wei, XIE Xin-lian, LI Meng, ZHAO Jia-bao 2019, 19(1): 6-12.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4111KB) ( )   Relevance among the attributes destroys the additive measure in decision-making with independent fuzzy multiple attributes. In order to express the intention of decision makers and integrate the information of decision more accurately, and improve the ability of the operator to describe the decision attributes, a new comparison rule of the triangular hesitate intuitionistic fuzzy number is presented in this paper, and a related triangular hesitate intuitionistic ordered weighted geometric average(R-THIOWGA) operator is constructed based on the fuzzy measure and Choquet integral. And then the characters, like idempotence, ordered monotonicity and boundedness of the R-THIOWGA are proven. A group decision-making method for questions with related fuzzy multiple attributes is proposed based on the R-THIOWGA and then analysis in a practical application. The results show that the R-THIOWGA operator and the group decision making method are effective and feasible in solving decision making problems with related fuzzy multiple attributes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Forum about Comprehensive Transportation System

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Transportation Infrastructure Investment, Factor Market Distortion and Economic Growth SUN Xiang-xiang, ZHOU Xiao-liang 2019, 19(1): 13-18.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3503KB) ( )   Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2015, this paper examines the relationship between transportation infrastructure investment, factor market distortion and economic growth by using a two-way fixed effect model. The results show that there is a significant nonlinear effect between transportation infrastructure investment and economic growth, showing an inverted U-shaped relationship, that is, with the expansion of the scale of transportation infrastructure investment, economic growth first increased and then decreased. The sub-regional sample test shows that there is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between transportation infrastructure investment and economic growth in the eastern region, while the inverted Ushaped relationship between transportation infrastructure investment and economic growth in the central and western regions is not significant. To further explore the impact mechanism of transportation infrastructure investment on economic growth, this paper introduces factor market distortion and finds that factor market distortions have negative impact on economic growth. From the perspective of enhancing the driving force of economic growth, this paper discusses the investment scale of transportation infrastructure under the optimal conditions of economic growth, which provides decision support for the construction of transportation infrastructure in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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CO2 Emission Reduction Effect of Electric Bus Based on Energy Chain in Life Cycle WANG Xue-ran, LIU Wen-feng, ZHANG Long-wen, ZHANG Mo 2019, 19(1): 19-25.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3785KB) ( )   In order to accurately quantify the effect of CO2 emission reduction of electric bus and promote the popularization and application of electric bus in the field of urban public transportation, this paper studies the CO2 emission reduction effect of electric buses from the perspective of energy chain. Firstly, the CO2 emission model of electric bus energy chain is constructed based on the data of energy consumption. Secondly, the main influencing factors of the emission model are analyzed by single factor sensitivity analysis, and the analysis method of CO2 emission reduction is established based on the scenario analysis method. Finally, through actual cases and scenario settings, the CO2 emission reduction effect of pure electric buses at different stages is analyzed. The results show that: the life cycle CO2 emission of the electric bus energy chain is reduced by 61.20% under the same operating environment, compared to the diesel bus; under different scenarios, 134 712.36, 253 566.80, 326 323.74 tons of CO2 emissions reduction per day are achieved respectively in 2025, 2035, 2050. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Incorporating Environmental Consciousness into Low-carbon Traveling Behavior LIU Jian-rong, HAO Xiao-ni 2019, 19(1): 26-32.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3847KB) ( )   The low-carbon transportation is the inevitable direction of the urban traffic in cities of China. In order to analyze the impact of travelers’environmental awareness on low- carbon transportation, based on travelers’ attitude and behaviors towards environment, this paper constructs travelers’environmental awareness with the Rasch model. Then travelers’environmental awareness is introduced into the traditional multivariate Probit model as explanatory independent variables. And the impact of travelers’environmental awareness on the approval of private car restriction policies and the purchase intention of pure electric vehicles are analyzed. The result shows that there is a higher degree of fitting when incorporating travelers’environmental awareness into the multivariate probit model. The average marginal effect of environmental consciousness on the approval of changing the motorway to a bus lane, and the approval of car-limit policy (such as increasing the fuel tax and the parking fee) are 0.127 and 0.144, respectively. The average marginal effect of environmental consciousness on the purchase intention of the pure electric car right now and in the future when the infrastructure is perfect, are 0.133 and 0.116, respectively. The purchase intention of the pure electric car in the future when the infrastructure is perfect is 0.182 higher than that right now. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-scale Analysis and Development Evaluation of Logistics Hub Cities Based on Multi-layer Complex Networks WU Tong-yu, WANG Jian 2019, 19(1): 33-39.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2342KB) ( )   One of the most challenging issues of contemporary complex network research is to understand the structure of the multilayer network better. It is focused on the feature and influence of complex system converged by different scales. A framework is developed for linking the data of different networks, such as the maritime network, air freight network, organization network of logistics enterprises and international trade network. The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the structural complexity of the logistics network by indicators of network structure and the influence of the nodes using the method of Gephi. And further, the multilayer network is converged by the link overlap to evaluate what kind of the developing phase based on the algorithm of t-SNE and k-means. ArcGIS is applied to visualize the spatial distribution of the different groups of the logistics hub cities. The analysis highlights that the structure of the logistics network features small world property and scale- free. Besides, the backbone of the logistics network is diamond- shaped and distributed by five significant areas (Western Europe, Eastern and Southern Asia, Western Asia, Eastern North America). Moreover, the network of logistics hub is hierarchical, and the urban at different levels show remarkable spatial heterogeneity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Calculation Method of the Freight Flow Sharing Rate of High-speed Railway Express Products YU Xue-qiao, LANG Mao-xiang, ZHOU Ling-yun, WANG Dan-zhu, YU Xiao 2019, 19(1): 40-44.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3010KB) ( )   Considering the relationship between customer's choice and the supply of high-speed railway express products, a two-stage high-speed railway express product freight flow sharing rate calculation method based on supply-demand matching is designed. The customer's willingness to choose high-speed railway products is considered in the first stage, the utility function of high-speed railway express product is constructed，and a model for calculating the freight flow sharing rate of high-speed railway products is established considering the types of freight flows to reflect the difference of customer choosing behavior and the difference of freight flow structure. The characteristics of high-speed railway products supply is considered in the second stage, a method for calculating the freight flow shifting probability related to the customer's choice utility value, which is designed to modify the result of the first stage. Finally, taking the Harbin-Dalian corridor as an example, the method proposed in this paper is verified. The research results show that the calculation method of the share rate of high-speed railway transport products considering the relationship between supply and demand is more practical. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Intelligent Transportation System and Information Technology

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Detection and Tracking Algorithm of Foreign Integrity in Railway Tracks NIU Hong-xia, ZHANG Zhao-xin, NING Zheng, CHEN Guang-wu 2019, 19(1): 45-54.  Abstract ( )   PDF (6903KB) ( )   Aiming at the problem of incomplete detection of orbital objects in complex field environment, this paper proposes a pixel filtering idea based on wavelet transform to improve GMM and construct a background model. The maneuvering (turning, accelerating or sudden appearance) is implemented to solve the foreign object target. When tracking the problem of low real-time performance and low accuracy, analyzing the linearization error of Kalman filter, BP neural network is used to modify the tracking model of IMM to realize the tracking and prediction, and the nonlinear Kalman filtering relationship is derived. The experimental shows that the average foreground false detection rate of the improved GMM is reduced by 24.94 percentage points under normal weather conditions, and the average prospect false detection rate for complex bad weather is reduced by 33.76 percentage points. The BP neural network-IMM-Kalman filtering model is not only established. It can track the maneuvering target in the scene quickly and accurately, and it is more stable and less error than the Kalman filtering algorithm and IMM. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lane Signal Control Strategy Based on Maximum Capacity of Urban Arterial Weaving Section LIU Wei, CHEN Ke-quan, TIAN Zong-zhong, YANG Guang-chuan 2019, 19(1): 55-61.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4192KB) ( )   A lot of weaving traffic at weaving section contributed to“capacity- drop”. In order to improve the maximum traffic capacity of weaving section, this paper proposes a new lane signal control method to regular the traffic volume and interleaving ratio. With consideration of the operation characteristics of weaving section and the traffic imbalance feature at each entrance lane, the reduction coefficient of weaving traffic was adopted. A capacity calculation model for the weaving traffic under the lane signal control is developed. This study focus on the best scheme of lane signal control, accordingly, the optimization model is established. The objective function is to maximize the weaving capacity and the constraints are the safety space headway between two adjacent phases and the scheme of phase. A mean error in the weaving section capacity (about 2.44%) is observed when comparing the capacity model calculation to field data at a representative urban arterial weaving section. The results show that a huge capacity drop of weaving section can be observed, along with the increase of traffic volume. After adopting the lane signal control strategy, the actual capacity of weaving section increased significantly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vehicle’s Multi-objective Station Selection and Influence Based on Different Information Scenarios LV Qi-guang, XU Mao-zeng, XU Guang-can, LIU Yong, ZHOU Xiang 2019, 19(1): 62-68.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4427KB) ( )   The traffic flow might be influenced by the vehicle energy demand on some conditions, and the possibility of solving this problem is the application of traffic information sharing technology. To confirm the validity of the application, after analyzing of the driving features of vehicle in a multi-stations traffic system, a cellular automata model with multi-stations in urban trunk road based on the multi-server multi-queueing system is proposed in this paper. The numerical experiment based on different information sharing mode show that: the cellular automata model could simulate the vehicle’s selection process of target station; the clustering of vehicle is reduced by the application of traffic information sharing, then saturation state of traffic is delayed; the application of station information sharing performs better than the road information, and the application opportunity of different mode is confirmed by the analysis of boundary conditions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Travel Mode Choice Modeling and Analysis for Public Transportation System: A Big Data-driven Approach YANGYan-ni, XI Yu-kun, SHENYuan-fei, HE Fang, LI Meng 2019, 19(1): 69-75.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4160KB) ( )   Prioritizing public transportation development is highly promoted by transportation agencies worldwide to mitigate urban traffic common problems. Given the rapid development of traffic data collection technology, it provides an alternative way to mine people’s traveling preference using multi-source traffic big data. In this work, we firstly pre-processed, cleaned and integrated the data. With these data, a Multi- nominal Logit (MNL) model is built up and calibrated to describe travelers’discrete choice behavior. Then we verify the results in the light of Supervised Learning method. Finally, some insightful findings reveal the traveler’s sensitivity to price and speed that can support public transportation policy making. Compared to the traditional household travel survey, our research is demonstrated to be a promising alterative approach of transportation demand modeling. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Public Transportation Travel Multi-dimensional Analysis Method Based on APTS Big Data CHEN Jun, ZHUANG Yi-fei, CUI Mei-li, WANG Yin-hai, MA Dong-fang 2019, 19(1): 76-82.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4331KB) ( )   Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) data have the typical characteristics of massive and diverse data. It is possible to obtain abundant transit travel characteristics and rules by analyzing and mining APTS data. The multi-dimensional analysis framework of bus travel based on APTS data is constructed. On the basis of calculating passenger travel time-space information (boarding, alighting and transferring), the multi-dimensional data model of transit travel with four dimensions (passenger, time, space and behavior) is established. Then, the content of public transportation travel multi- dimension analysis based on 5 kind of online analysis process operations is systematically presented. Finally, the model and the method are experimented and verified using APTS big data. The results show that this method can easily analyze different dimensions and granularities of transit travel information and can not only be applied to the study of transit travel behavior, but also provides decision-making support for the planning and management of urban public transportation system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Systems Engineering Theory and Methods

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Bi-level Programming Model and Algorithm of Parking Demand Distribution HE Sheng-xue, GAO Lei 2019, 19(1): 83-88.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3400KB) ( )   To deal with the parking facility choosing problem with given parking demand, a bi- level programming model is constructed to describe the parking facility choosing behaviors and travel route choosing behaviors. An effective solution method for the bi- level model is designed based on the partial augmented Lagrange multiplier method nested with Frank- Wolfe algorithm. With the constraints of satisfying the parking demand and restriction to number of the parking vehicles at facility, the upper level model tries to minimize the difference between actual parking distribution and the expected distribution. The lower level model assumes that the user equilibrium principle is followed by users to choose travel paths. The connection between the upper and lower level models is realized by the probability function of choosing facility. The partial augmented Lagrange multiplier method nested Frank- Wolfe algorithm to solve the upper level model can make use of the simplex feature of constraints. The numerical example verifies the effectiveness and efficiency of the new model and method. The research result not only extends the application setting of the existing theory, but also provides a new way to formulate and analyze the related problems. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Distributing Model For Shared Parking in the Residential Zones ZHANG Wen-hui, SU Yong-min, DAI Jing, WANG Lian-zhen 2019, 19(1): 89-96.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3916KB) ( )   In order to improve the occupancy of parking spaces, reduce the walking distance after parking, a double target model which takes the occupancy and walking distance into account is proposed. According to the peak characteristics of commercial zones and the residential zones, this model considers the temporal and spatial conflicting characteristics, defines the boundary constraint model. Then the particle swarm algorithm is used to solve this model. Base on the data collected from the Jin Ding CBD in Liaocheng, China, the parking space amount, peak hours’park demands and walking distance, et al, the feasibility of this model is verified. The results show that the allocating model is practical to distribute the parking spaces, the parking occupancy is effectively increased and the walking distance after parking is shorter. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reward and Punishment Strategy for Bicycle-sharing Parking Based on the Game Theory under the Influence of Position Recognition Rate WANG Yu-qiong, JIA Shun-ping, ZHANG Si-jia, LI Jun 2019, 19(1): 97-103.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4958KB) ( )   In order to solve the problem of bicycle-sharing parking, some bicycle-sharing enterprises give reward and punishment to users according to their parking behavior, so as to guide users to choose the civilized one. This paper studies the game process between enterprises and users in the process of bicycle-sharing parking. Firstly, it sets up the time cost function for the user to find a parking station, establishes the reward utility function of the coupon based on acquisition utility theory, and builds the user punishment utility function based on the outlook theory. Secondly, it establishes the mixed strategy game model of the parking behavior choice under the mechanisms of reward and punishment; the functional relationship of factors such as position recognition rate, reward and punishment amount and average distance between parking stations is also analyzed. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the user utility of the two mechanisms and the difference of the guiding effect of parking behavior with different travel time and purpose is carried out. The results show that the two mechanisms have an equilibrium solution, but the condition of punishment is more stringent, and the penalty mechanism can’t be used when the position recognition rate is lower than the critical value. The enterprise should choose the appropriate reward and punishment scheme by considering the input and benefit comprehensively and take different strategies in different market operation period. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mixed Bicycle Traffic Flow Model Based on Space Split and Perceived Density LI Li-shan, LI Bing, CHENG Wei 2019, 19(1): 104-110.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4152KB) ( )   Aiming at the heterogeneity of mixed bicycle flow, the density and flow of three mixed bicycle flow states were calculated from the concepts of space split and perceived density, and the traffic wave formula of mixed bicycle flow was derived from the cell transmission model (CTM). In this paper, the actual survey data of six different bicycle lanes width in Kunming are used, the stopping wave is taken as the contrast parameters, and the calculated results are compared with the single class LWR model. The results show that the calculation accuracy of the proposed model is higher than that of the single class LWR model under different bicycle lane widths, as can be seen from MAPE, the calculation accuracy of stopping wave and starting wave of the proposed model is 9.25% and 13.64% higher than that of the single class LWR model, respectively, which indicates that the proposed model can describe the running characteristics of the mixed bicycle flow well. It provides a new way to reveal the traffic mechanism of mixed bicycle flow. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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High-speed Railway Network Passenger Assignment WANG Ying, LIU Ling, WANG Jia-kang 2019, 19(1): 111-117.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4368KB) ( )   The passenger assignment method of high-speed railway (HSR) network which focus on taking transfer is studied can meet the demand of adapting to network transportation operation. The network construction method based on transfer link in passengers’whole process of travel is put forward. This method could fit in with passenger network travel characteristics. The paper confirms the travel cost and capacity limit according to the meaning of nodes and arcs. The integer passenger assignment model is developed to solve passenger distribution in network. Baoji-Lanzhou HSR, Beijing-Guangzhou HSR and other lines are used as an example to demonstrate the effect of presented model. The model which break through the direct-oriented passenger flow allocation mode can solve the complete information of passengers’route especially transfer information and realize the balanced distribution of passenger flow in the network. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Choice-based Dynamic Control Policy of Seat Inventory for High-speed Rail Transportation YAN Zhen-ying, HAN Bao-ming, LI Xiao-juan, ZHAO Ya-qiong 2019, 19(1): 118-124.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3918KB) ( )   Dynamic seat inventory control strategy for high-speed rail passenger transportation is studied with choice- based network revenue management theory. Firstly, the dynamic programming model of seat inventory control for high- speed rail network with multi- trains and multi- stops is established. Secondly, two- stage seat inventory control mechanism is designed. At the offline stage, the value function is approximated linearly with approximate dynamic programming technique, and the time- dependent bid price is obtained with the policy iterative algorithm. At the online stage, the bid price is taken as the input parameter, and the real time control strategy is obtained by the assortment optimization algorithm of the Markov Chain Choice Model. Finally, simulation experiments with different parameters were carried out under the background of Beijing-Shanghai highspeed railway. The results show that the strategy optimization mechanism can improve the profit significantly and protect long distance tickets when the demand level is low. This mechanism not only provide dynamic seat control stagey with better generality, but also can use historical data to get learning bid price and choice parameters and achieve continuous dynamic optimization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Safety-oriented Cooperative Passenger Flow Control Model in Peak Hours for a Metro Line SHI Jun-gang, YANG Jing, YANG Li-xing 2019, 19(1): 125-131.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3501KB) ( )   Most of the traditional passenger flow control methods for metro system aim to reduce the total passenger waiting time or maximize the passenger person-kilometers, while lack of emphasis on safety elements. Constraining the total passenger waiting time under an acceptable range, this paper proposes a safety- oriented cooperative passenger flow control model, which aims to minimize the total risk value of the passenger accumulation. The proposed model is successfully converted to an integer linear programming model with a single objective, which can be solved by CPLEX solver. From the experimental results of a real world case, we can find that, compared with passenger control which aims to minimizing the total passenger waiting time, our model can control the passenger accumulation at all stations in the safety level, meanwhile the total passenger waiting time only increases by 1%. As the proposed method can improve the operational safety to a great extent, it might offer well guidance to the passenger flow control in reality. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence Mechanism of School Commuting Pattern Using Metro Smart Card Data LIU Yang, JI Yan-jie, HE Min, GU Yu 2019, 19(1): 132-137.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3309KB) ( )   Long-distance school commuting is a key factor that lead to the car trips needed for school escorting of primary and secondary school students. Encouraging students who have a middle or long travel distance between home and school commute by metro can reduce their dependence on household cars. Considering that the students who use metro for one- way trips are potential to be escorted by their parents, this paper explored the school commuting patterns of primary and secondary school students by using the three-week metro smart card data. By identifying the school metro commuters and their commuting trips, students’metro commuting behavior is divided into four patterns. Further, the factors affecting school commuting patterns are identified based on multivariate Logistic regression model. The results show that the student's departure time, travel frequency, residential location, school location and built environment have significant impacts on the metro school commuting. Meanwhile, the impacts of built environment near home and that near school are different on student' s school commuting patterns. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Target Speed Control Optimization of Train Movement for Saving Energy YANG Yan-qiang, LIU Hai-dong, MA Cun-rui, XU Liang 2019, 19(1): 138-144.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4269KB) ( )   The paper studies the problem of urban rail transit train energy-saving operation control, proposes a discrete target speed control strategy, and takes the target speed parameters (velocity values, range of velocity bound and scale of cover mileage) as control variables. Then, an optimization model with timing constraints is established for efficient operation. To solve the model, a real coded genetic algorithm with a double punishment mechanism (DPM) is designed, and the DPM is applied to punish overtime scheme and non-energy-saving scheme so as to improve the convergence rate. The simulation results indicate that, the optimal target speed schemes obtained by this method are well adapted to the line conditions, and effectively avoid the train braking on the lower ramp. Compared with the results obtained by the heuristic algorithm, the average energy- efficient ratio under different rich time is 22.2%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of Road Network Total Travel Time Reliability Based on Fourth-moment LI Xiao-jing, LIU Lin-zhong, MU Hai-bo 2019, 19(1): 145-150.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3361KB) ( )   In order to evaluate the road network total travel time reliability (TTTR) under arbitrarily distributed supply and demand, a method based on fourth-moment is proposed. The fourth-moment of road network total travel time is computed through computer simulation. Then the relationship between the total travel time budget (TTTB) and the fourth-moment is derived. The TTTR of road network is defined, and a reverse method is applied to solve an equation to get it. Test is carried out on a large-scale road network. The TTTRs of the road network are obtained under different TTTBs. The analysis results indicate that the TTTR of road network increases with the rise of the TTTB. When the TTTR reach to some extent, it becomes a fixed value 1.0, which accords with the actual situation completely. Therefore，the reliability algorithm based on the fourth-moment by using the computer simulation and the reverse method is an effective algorithm. It can be well applied to the travel time reliability of road network with stochastic supply and stochastic demand. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Selection of Emergency Medical Service Based on Accessibility Calculation WANG Qing-guo, GAO Sheng-lan 2019, 19(1): 151-157.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4925KB) ( )   Scientific accessibility calculation is an important basis for the rational selection of emergency medical services. Aiming at the need of reasonable selection for emergency medical services, firstly, the characteristics of accessibility of emergency medical services are analyzed, and the measurement model is established. Then, based on this model, the accessibility of specific medical services and multi-medical services are studied separately to determine the effective service range of medical services, which supports a reasonable choice of medical services. In traditional studies, accessibility is treated as a static solidification value which can’t meet the precise medical choice needs of people in emergencies. The accessibility calculation program proposed in this paper takes the difference of traffic conditions between time periods, road sections and the driving directions into account, so the effective service scope of medical services can be calculated more accurately, and more accurate decision-making can be made by people to choose medical treatment in emergencies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An UAV Path Planning Method in Mountainous Area Based on an Improved Ant Colony Algorithm TANG Li, HAO Peng, ZHANG Xue-jun 2019, 19(1): 158-164.  Abstract ( )   PDF (5340KB) ( )   This paper studies the UAV flight route planning problem when carrying out emergency cargo transportation mission in mountainous area. Based on the performance analysis and comparison of UAVs, constraints of path planning is discussed, and an improved ant colony algorithm considering path safety is proposed. Firstly, a Tyson polygon is formulated based on the location of high altitude mountains, and then a feasible UAV path solution under flight condition of obstacle avoidance in mountainous area is obtained. Secondly, in order to avoid dense peaks area, path safety constraints are built. Thirdly, the shortest path is searched by ant colony algorithm. Finally, the unnecessary obstacles in the path are eliminated so as to further shorten the distance, and the corners are smoothed considering the performance parameters of UAVs, generating the optimal safe path which can ultimately be used for an actual flight. The example analysis shows the improved ant colony algorithm converges faster and generates shorter path than traditional one. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-level Pickup Point Layout under Cooperative Coverage HAN Xun, ZHANG Jin, ZENG Qian 2019, 19(1): 165-171.  Abstract ( )   PDF (5242KB) ( )   As public service facility which is constructed by enterprise or enterprise alliance, pickup point owns its independent brand and a perfect internal information system. Meanwhile, customers are influenced by all pickup points belong to a similar brand. Introducing signal intensity function and probability function to describe the influence of cooperation coverage on customer selection, location model of pickup point under competitive environment is established. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. The results show that as the budget increases, the growth in the weighted demand coverage for each unit has gradually decreased. When the signal threshold is reasonably high, the enterprise will take advantage in competition through layout of multi-level pickup point. Compared with the non-cooperative coverage model, the cooperative coverage model is better in terms of the weighted demand coverage, the construction cost, and the customer utility. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Rescue Path Planning Model for Earthquake Emergency AN Ji-wen, LI Xiao-li, FAN Xi-wei, NIE Gao-zhong 2019, 19(1): 172-178.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3678KB) ( )   In the earthquake disaster scenario, the rescue path planning for earthquake emergency should aim at rescue efficiency taking into account the impact of emergency traffic restoration on it, to support for efficient use of the limited traffic resources, avoiding traffic congestion or paralysis that could delay emergency rescue operations. By defining the traffic network, traffic cost, traffic passability and so on for emergency, the problem of rescue and traffic restoration path planning is described; taking optimal rescue path and optimal traffic restoration scheme as the constraints of the problem, a model of bi-level path planning based on the bi-level optimization is eatablished for the purpose of integrated optimization and the solution method of the model is proposed. It is validated that an accurate and efficient integrated emergency rescue and traffic restoration plan is able to be prepared by the proposed model, which can provide scientific decision basis for targeted traffic control measures, and help improve the efficiency of earthquake emergency rescue. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Efficiency and Fairness of the Assignment of Dedicated Lanes of Airports TANG Qi-xin, TIAN Qiong, MOU Hui 2019, 19(1): 179-184.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3520KB) ( )   Many airports in China are providing female passengers or passengers carrying little baggage with dedicated lanes at the security check points. Such practices are actually providing preferential service for passengers of different service demands. This paper is mainly concerned with the problem that how the airports should assign the dedicated lanes to achieve a better performance of efficiency and fairness under a limited number of security check lanes. By modeling we compared the performances of queueing systems when assigning the dedicated lanes to different kinds of passengers. The expected waiting time curve of the number of dedicated lanes is given and the queueing fairness is quantified by applying SQF in the simulation. The comparison shows that assigning a certain number of dedicated lanes to the passengers with lower service demands is better in terms of fairness and efficiency. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identifying the Factors and Their Impact Levels on Severity of Maritime Traffic Accidents WU Qin, SHI Xin, TAO Xue-zong 2019, 19(1): 185-191.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3739KB) ( )   Based on the investigation reports of maritime traffic accident, which were published by three maritime safety administrations, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, two kinds of ordered probability model (including the ordered Logit and the ordered Probit model) are established to identify the influencing factors and their impact levels on the severity of maritime traffic accidents (SMTA). The results show that the ordered probabilistic models are suitable for the study, but the ordered Logit model outperforms the ordered Probit model. In particular, the factors of season, time interval, weather, navigable waterways, vessel type, length and ownership have positive influences on larger and above accidents, while the influence of visibility is negative. Among them, the impact of the vessel length above 200 meters is the largest (marginal effect: 0.378 3), which followed by summer season (0.282 2). Meanwhile, the impact of poor visibility is smallest (- 0.108 0), which followed by individual vessels (0.109 5). Finally, the results can provide a decision basis for maritime safety administrations to carry out safety supervision work. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ship Risk Aversion Path Optimization Based on Pareto Ant Colony Algorithm JIANG Mei-zhi, LV Jing 2019, 19(1): 192-199.  Abstract ( )   PDF (5199KB) ( )   When ships are sailing at sea, they are always facing the threat of maritime transportation risk. In order to reduce the risk in maritime transportation while taking into account the economic benefits of the ship, a biobjective path optimization model is established. The two objectives of the model are the minimization of the cost of navigation and the total risk of the ship route. Grid method is used to construct the environment, and the cost of navigation and the risk in maritime transportation are assigned to the corresponding raster path. A multi-objective ant colony algorithm based on Pareto optimal solution set and NSGA niche method is designed. As a case study, the proposed model and algorithm are applied for optimizing the ship routes in the area of Indian Ocean. The classic single-target ant colony algorithm is also used as the comparison object to verify the validity of algorithm. The results show that the model and algorithm have a good effect in solving the ship risk aversion path optimization problem, and can provide decision- making reference for decision makers to formulate the marine shipping route. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inland Container Ship Stowage Planning Decision with Multiple Container Types LI Jun, ZHANG Yu, JI San-you, MA Jie 2019, 19(1): 200-207.  Abstract ( )   PDF (4057KB) ( )   The inland container shipping has its particularity, and the higher ship capacity utilization is more emphasized during the stowage planning. Considering the special container types, the integer programming model for inland container ship stowage planning decision is proposed with the objective of minimizing the ship stack occupancy number. The heuristic algorithm comprising a construction part and an improvement part is designed for the fast optimization. The construction part can construct the initial solution quickly based on some heuristic rules. The improvement part can optimize the initial solution with some local search strategies. Numerical examples show the model can effectively solve the inland container ship stowage planning decision problem, but its solving time increases significantly with the increase of the problem’s scale. Compared with the exact solution of the model, the heuristic algorithm outperforms the model in solving time greatly. It can efficiently optimize all the instances within 0.25 second and provide some suggestions for the actual inland container ship stowage planning decision. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Assessing Bullwhip Effect in Complex Supply Chain Networks YAN Chen-yi, WANG Xi-fu, YUN Li-fen 2019, 19(1): 208-213.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3987KB) ( )   Bullwhip effect seriously affects the operation efficiency of supply chain networks and management complexity. In order to reduce these effects, system dynamic mechanism is built for inventory level in supply chain networks firstly. Due to the demand disturbance of customers, the inventory fluctuations of vendors or suppliers are used to measure bullwhip effect which based on one of linear and time-invariant policies, order-up-to policy. Since the complexity of supply chain network structure, a novel evaluation method is presented to measure bullwhip effect in different network topologies. Case studies show that different network topologies do not have an obvious impact on bullwhip effect, but the network size may affect how serious bullwhip effect will be. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Disequilibrium of Bicycle-sharing in Rail Transit Station Areas in Beijing WANG Jia-chuan, OUYANG Song-shou 2019, 19(1): 214-221.  Abstract ( )   PDF (5579KB) ( )   Bicycle-sharing is an effective way to solve short-distance travel and“last mile of public transport”, but it also brings problems, especially the affect to other transport patterns due to the accumulation in certain area. The locations of rent and return of one bicycle-sharing cycling are transferred into origin and destination in the paper, and the time-spatial characteristics of the whole city and rail transit station areas are analyzed based on OD data. External and characteristic factors which influence the disequilibrium of bicycle-sharing in rail transit station areas are analyzed. A model to estimate the value of disequilibrium is proposed. Disequilibrium values of some typical station areas are computed with it. The differences of bicycle- sharing in rail transit station areas can be evaluated with the model to support distribution and supervision with focus. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diversity as an Indicator of Urban Public Transit Service Quality WU Ling-ling, HUANG Zheng-dong 2019, 19(1): 222-227.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3995KB) ( )   Public transit service quality is important for understanding urban issues such as social equity. Existing measuring methods ignore the difference of demands between resident groups. This paper proposes an optimized measuring method, which incorporates factors of distance decay, public transit attractions and diversity. A case study in Guangzhou was carried out. The number of spatial units with high scores of transit service quality between High-dependent Population(HDP) and Low-dependent Population(LDP) is similar. Nevertheless, for the group of HDP, the spatial pattern of high scores of transit service quality is clustered in the central area, while for the group of LDP, the spatial pattern takes a shape of human hand. Policy implications are discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Self-assessed Ability and Hazard Type on Young Novice Drivers’Hazard Perception SUN Long, MA Yi-dan, CHANG Ruo-song 2019, 19(1): 228-232.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3113KB) ( )   To better understand the phenomenon of“why young novice drivers respond to some hazards slower”, reaction time and eye movement method are used to examine the effects of self-assessed ability and hazard type on their hazard perception. 43 drivers are asked to finish a hazard perception scale and a reaction time task. Results show that self- assessed ability is crucial for determining drivers’response time to the hazards in video clips. Drivers who overestimate driving ability have slower response time. When the visibilities of hazards are interrupted, the adverse influencing is worse. The differences in response time are due to the faster processing time after the initial fixation rather than the detection time. Eye movements are influenced by hazard type but not by self-assessed ability. These findings have some implications for the development of hazard perception training of young novice drivers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Impact of Family Climate for Road Safety on Young Drivers' Risk Driving Behavior YE Long, LIU Shu-zhen, DING Zong-guang, GUO Ming 2019, 19(1): 233-238.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3214KB) ( )   According to statistics, the young driver is the high-risk group of traffic accident and traffic violations. Foreign research shows that family safe climate has an important influence on young drivers' risky driving behaviors. On the basis of literature summary, this paper takes young drivers as the research object, through questionnaire survey and data analysis to explore family safety climate influence on young drivers' driving behavior. The result shows that: every of the family safety climate overall, modeling dimension, commitment dimension, the information dimension has significant negative prediction function on young drivers' risky driving behaviors. Finally, proposals are put forward to regulate the risk driving behavior of young drivers and to reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents from the perspective of family security. References | Related Articles | Metrics