交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2018, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 113-119.

• 系统工程理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

高隧道比路段隧道出入口驾驶员视觉负荷研究

段萌萌 1a,唐伯明*1a,胡旭辉 2,何柏科 3,刘唐志 1b   

  1. 1. 重庆交通大学 a. 土木工程学院,b. 交通运输学院,重庆 400074;2. 重庆高速集团有限公司,重庆 400074; 3. 重庆高速工程顾问有限公司,重庆 400074
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-22 修回日期:2018-03-15 出版日期:2018-06-25 发布日期:2018-06-25
  • 作者简介:段萌萌(1989-),女,黑龙江人,博士生.
  • 基金资助:

    重庆市科技计划项目/ Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(cstc2017shms-zdyfX0070, 2011660089);重庆市交通科技项目/Chongqing Traffic Science and Technology Project(SW-2016-263).

Driver’s Visual Load at Tunnel Entrance and Exit of Sections with High Ratio of Tunnels

DUAN Meng-meng 1a, TANG Bo-ming 1a, HU Xu-hui 2, HE Bai-ke 3, LIU Tang-zhi 1b   

  1. 1a. School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, 1b. School of Traffic & Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; 2. Chongqing Hi-speed Group Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400074, China; 3. Chongqing Expressway Engineering Consultant Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400074, China
  • Received:2018-01-22 Revised:2018-03-15 Online:2018-06-25 Published:2018-06-25

摘要:

为分析高隧道比路段驾驶员视觉特性变化规律与行车安全关系,本文首先分析了隧道出入口段驾驶员的瞳孔面积变化规律,并提出“负荷重复累积效应”概念表达频繁进出隧道过程中驾驶员视觉变化现象.采用瞳孔面积最大瞬态速度Vω(t)作为评价指标描述驾驶员在隧道出入口的视觉负荷变化规律,以瞳孔面积最大瞬态速度值MTPA及换算视觉震荡持续时间作为评判视觉负荷大小的依据.建立了隧道出入口驾驶员视觉舒适度评价体系,然后依据此评价指标体系确定隧道出入口的驾驶员视觉负荷程度,最终判断隧道出入口对行车安全的影响程度.研究结果表明,本文的研究方法是可行的,可以很好地应用于高隧道比路段驾驶员视觉负荷评价研究中,可为隧道出入口安全保障提供一定的参考.

关键词: 交通工程, 高隧道比路段, 隧道出入口, 视觉负荷, 黑洞效应, 白洞效应, 瞳孔面积

Abstract:

In order to analyze the relationship between the change of driver's visual characteristics and the safety of driving in sections with high ratio of tunnel, the change regulation of pupil area of the driver while going through the tunnel entrance and exit is analyzed. And the concept of "load repeat accumulation effect" is put forward to express the phenomenon of driver's visual change in the process of frequently entering and exiting the tunnels. The maximum transient velocity of pupil area Vω(t) is taken as an evaluation index to describe the change regulation of driver's visual load. The maximum transient velocity value of pupil area which is short for MTPA and the conversion duration for visual turbulence are taken as the basis for judging the size of visual load of the driver's. The evaluation system of drivers' visual comfort at the entrance and exit of tunnels is established, then confirm the visual load according to the evaluation system. Finally, the influence degree of the tunnel entrance and exit on the traffic safety could be determined. The research results show that the research method of this paper is feasible. It could be well applied to the study of visual load evaluation of drivers in sections with high ratio of tunnels, it could also provide a certain reference for the safety guarantee of tunnel entrance and exit.

Key words: traffic engineering, high tunnel ratio section, entrance and exit of tunnel, visual load, "black hole", effect;“white hole", effect , pupil area

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