关键词: 交通运输经济, 分配优化, 线性规划, 对偶理论, 财政补贴, 客流量, 影子价格

Abstract:

At present, most cities in China adopt the methods of government and enterprises to negotiate and determine the policy subsidy to deal with the loss of public transport enterprises, but this method not only did not improve the operational efficiency of public transport enterprises, but also did not reduce the burden of government financial subsidies. Based on this situation, this paper takes the sum of the trend passenger flow of rail transport and the transfer passenger flow of road traffic to rail transit as the allocation of passenger flow which road transportation enterprises need to subsidize rail transport enterprises, by analyzing the passenger flow of road traffic and rail traffic. Using the resource allocation problem in economics, financial subsidies for public transport operators and financial subsidies for the transformation of public transport vehicles are regarded as two types of resources，and assigning it to the road traffic and the track traffic. Then with the traffic flow as constraint conditions, and according to the duality theory of linear programming, the shadow price of urban public transport operators financial subsidies is calculated; And jointing the allocation of passenger flow to build distribution of financial subsidies for urban public transport operation. Finally, taking the public transport in Chongqing as an example, the feasibility of the model is verified.

Key words: transportation economy, allocation optimization, linear programming, duality theory, financial subsidy, traffic flow, shadow price