Loading...

Archive

    25 April 2014, Volume 14 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

    For Selected: Toggle Thumbnails
    TheApplicationandDevelopmentofDynamicTraffic SimulationTheory
    ZHANGGuo-wu
    2014, 14(2): 1-6. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5340KB) ( )  

    Traffic simulation, based on applied computer digital model, is an analysis method for complex traffic phenomenon, which has been an important application of computer simulation technology in traffic engineering. Researchers, designers and managers utilize the simulation widely to evaluate traffic planning, organization and management, and optimize intersection channelization and signal timing. This method pushed the research on traffic management from qualitative to quantitative, from empirical to scientific. The time of the Internet of Things and big data provides opportunities for traffic simulation to deal with the increasing problems of efficiency, environment, energy and safety caused by traffic, and improves traffic simulation from off-line mode to on-line mode.

    Related Articles | Metrics
    Traffic Flow Evolutionary Analysis of Urban Agglomeration Road Networks
    WANGGuo-ming,LIXia-miao,ZOUHua-peng
    2014, 14(2): 7-12. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4463KB) ( )  

    To analyze traffic flow on urban agglomerations road network, the paper designed the model of traffic flow evolution for urban agglomerations. It simulated traffic flow evolution with deferent probability of road network by Matlab7.0, and made comparisons of the traffic flow evolutions. The results indicate: (1) the traffic flow on the road network of urban agglomerations is impacted by the interaction among cities, and the traffic flow concentrates to the edge of adjacent city; (2) the diversification of urban agglomerations road network affects distribution of traffic flow, but it has less effects on the whole distribution of traffic flow; (3) the emergence of hierarchy exist in the evolution of traffic flow on the deferent probability of road network of urban agglomerations.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    AnalysisMethodofExternalTrafficDemandinCityArea
    TUSheng-wen,GUOXiu-cheng,ZHANGXiao-hui
    2014, 14(2): 13-18. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4843KB) ( )  

    In order to overcome the disadvantages of the existing method,a method called“dual fourstage”is put forward to analyze external traffic demand in city area according to the features of external traffic.The proposed method is carried out by two steps,and in the first step the city area is regarded as a whole traffic zone and the“four stage”method of regional traffic demand analysis is implemented to obtain the total generation volume of internal- external trips of city area and traffic volume on both directions of each arterial highways through the city on planning years;In the second step the planning area of city is divided into several parts as internal traffic zones,and the external traffic zones are set at the intersections of highways and cordon line,then a second round of“four stages”method is applied to obtain the trip generation and distribution of internal-external trips and external-external trips for internal traffic zones and external traffic zones on planning years.The practical application of the analysis of external traffic demand for comprehensive traffic planning of Zhenjiang City shows that the presented method combines the advantages of influence area method and cordon line method,and overcomes disadvantages of the both methods,thus the analysis results are more consistent with the real situation.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Evolution Prospect and Structure of Urban Transportation and Land Use System
    ZHU-GE Cheng-xiang,SHAO Chun-fu,GAO Jian,MENG Meng,JI Xun
    2014, 14(2): 19-24. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4976KB) ( )  

    Urban Transportation and Land Use System (UTLU system) is open, complex and nonequilibrium. Since the study on evolution mechanism of UTLU system is limited, this paper takes Beijing as example, both chaos theory and fractal theory are employed to reveal the evolution prospect and structural complexity respectively. Firstly, small-data method is used to analyze the time series of synergy degree of UTLU system, and the largest Lyapunov exponent is calculated which is used for judging the chaos phenomenon of UTLU system. Then the feature of chaos system is utilized to reveal the evolution prospect in depth. Secondly, select proper scale objects from transportation system and land use system respectively, and then the RankSize rule is adopt to evaluate the evolution of UTLU system.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Economic Influence Analysis of Government Regulation and Control on Railway Freight Transport in Discrete Time
    GUO Jing-wei,PENG Qi-yuan
    2014, 14(2): 25-32. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5883KB) ( )  

    Under the background of regulation failure, this paper considers the expectations of the railway transportation marketization after the super ministry reform in China. It establishes a multidimensional different dynamical system that conforms to the characteristics of railway transportation market under the problem of discrete time. This model can be regarded as an extension to and 's. It solves the condition of eigenvalue as multiple root and coefficient matrix unable to diagonalize using recursive principle and transformation. To discuss the policies that government could change impact on the variable such as freight, freight volumes after reform utilizes comparative static analysis. Through example analyzing, this paper presents that investment subsidies are more sensitive to the initial impact on traffic volume which is positively related to it than initial impact on the fare levels which has negative correlation with it. Meanwhile, with the time of policy changes increases, the influence of traffic volume and fare levels will be weakened and tend to0.0058and -0.0041, respectively.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    One-Day Long Statistical Analysis of Parking Demand by Using Single-Camera Vacancy Detection
    JERMSURAWONG Jermsak,AHSAN Umair,HAIDAR Abdulhamid,DONG Haiwei,MAVRIDIS Nikolaos
    2014, 14(2): 33-44. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (9823KB) ( )  

    Many researches have focused on parking demand to gain information for traffic management recommendations and decision-making where real-world car park statistics is of great importance. This paper seeks to obtain one-day long statistical analysis of a multi-purpose off-street parking space in downtown Abu Dhabi, using a single-camera vacancy detection system. The proposed methodology to collect one-day long statistics uses pattern recognition to determine occupancy states based on visual features extracted from parking spots. This vacancy detection system has two major advantages. First, it relies on only few pixels compared with other methods, being able to cover more than150parking spots within a single camera frame. Second, the system works well in both nighttime and daytime–robust to changing light conditions. The accuracy is99.9% for occupied spots and97.9% for empty spots for this period of study. This study also proposes a better indication of parking demand when the park is near its full capacity, as the utilization rate does not capture the parking demand from the motorists who fail to find parking spaces.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Model and Simulation of Group Pedestrian Flow on a Crosswalk Based on Cellular Automaton
    REN Gang,DING Chen-zi,LU Li-li,YU Chen,YAO Meng-jia
    2014, 14(2): 45-50. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4886KB) ( )  

    To make the pedestrians’walking behaviors more comprehensive in the crossing pedestrian flow simulation model, and investigate the effects of group behaviors on the pedestrian flow, a cellular automaton model is presented for crossing pedestrian considering the group behaviors, in which the characteristics of pedestrian are described by resistance-parameter, direction-parameter, empty-parameter, conformity-parameter and group- parameter. The simulation results on different pedestrian numbers and pedestrian formations reveal the effects of group behaviors on the pedestrian flow. It is found that the average crossing speed of group pedestrian is slower than individual pedestrian. Also, group behavior has a negative impact on the total crossing efficiency, in which the group pedestrian proportion and the group structure are key factors.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Measurement of Control Delay Based on Sub-sampling GPS Bus Data at Signalized Intersection
    WANG Hua,ZHANG Zhi-song,ZHANG Shen,LIU Xin
    2014, 14(2): 51-56. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (8252KB) ( )  

    Many transit agencies have deployed global position (GPS) systems on a portion of their transit vehicle fleets. Data from the system are often used for service performance reporting and for service planning. Considering the cost of data storage and transmission and functional requirement, the sampling interval of these GPS data are30sec. Because of the low sampling rata, the bus GPS data are rarely used to estimate intersection delay. In order to make full use of these available data and improve the efficiency and lower the cost of intersection delay calculation, this paper proposes a method by these archived sub-sampling bus GPS data to measure the mean of transit vehicle control delay caused by signalized intersections. To identify signalized intersection delay, this paper analyzed vehicles’running characteristics at signalized intersection and proposed vehicles’acceleration and deceleration models based on sub-sampling bus GPS data. The proposed method is demonstrated with data of straight-line direction of buses at signalized intersection. The results suggest that the proposed method has practical application for the identification of signalized intersection delay.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Hybrid Control for Over-saturated Signalized Intersection Based on Switched System
    XIANG Wei-ming,XIAO Jian,JIANG Yang-sheng
    2014, 14(2): 57-61. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (3871KB) ( )  

    In order to propose a more effective control method for signalized intersection, the relief of waiting vehicle queue in an oversaturated intersection is viewed as the exponential stability problem of a discretetime switched system, and the overflow of the queue can be viewed as the boundedness problem. Thus, a discrete- time switched system model is constructed for signalized intersection, and exponential stability and boundedness are analyzed based on Lyapunov function method. Meanwhile, the state feedback scheme is designed to set green time, which can relieve the waiting vehicles exponentially and reduce the number of waiting vehicles. Finally, a hybrid control strategy is obtained which is suitable for over- saturated intersection. Compared with commonly used Webster approach, the hybrid control strategy is able to relieve the waiting vehicles faster, which makes the delay time shorter.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Trip-chain Based Probability Model for Identifying Alighting Stations of Smart Card Passengers
    HU Ji-hua, DENG Jun, HUANG Ze
    2014, 14(2): 62-67. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4828KB) ( )  

    This paper summarizes the research status of identifying the alighting stations of smart card passengers for flat-rate fare lines. To make best use of passenger trip chains and passenger flow of stations, it analyzes transit travel characteristics and proposes a number of assumptions. Based on these assumptions, it defines relative variables to describe passenger trip chains and considers individual characteristics for alighting attraction weighting. Then, the paper combines disaggregate analysis and aggregate analysis according to the completeness of passenger trip chains and then formulates the bus passenger alighting weight model. It also proposes the algorithm to solve the established model and a calibration method of the model. Finally, it takes Line448in Guangzhou city as an example and compared the identifying results of this new model with the identifying results of the disaggregate analysis model. The results show that the new model is more applicative in identifying the alighting stations of smart card passengers and has high reliability in a cluster analysis.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Driver’s Fixation Transition Mode during Lane Changing Process
    WU Fu-wei,FU Rui,NIU Zeng-liang
    2014, 14(2): 68-73. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4842KB) ( )  

    In order to research drivers’fixationtransition characteristics on highway, real road lane changing experiments are conducted on highway. A kind of non- contact eye movement equipment faceLAB 5is used to monitor and record the eye movement data of13drivers. Firstly, by statistic analysis of the eye movement data, it confirms the time length lane change intent stage. Then, the Markov Chain Theory is employed to analyze fixation transition mode as well as fixation steady state distribution characteristics. Finally, differences of the drivers’fixation situation are analyzed during lane change intent stage and lane change implementation stage. The study shows that during lane change intent stage the transition of driver’s visual line between the original lane and target lane is more frequent than normal driving, with wider horizontal visual angle. The research results can provide a theoretical basis to determine whether a driver has lane changing intent.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    An On-line Map-matching Method for Tunnel Section Based on Floating Car Data
    HE Zhao-cheng, CHU Jun-fei, ZHUANG Li-jian, YE Wei-jia
    2014, 14(2): 74-79. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4331KB) ( )  

    As an important way to achieve traffic diversion and to solve traffic congestion, urban tunnel has become more and more popular in the city. Collecting information about the vehicles on the tunnel section has a significant effect on releasing traffic information of the whole city. Aiming at the urban tunnel section, an on-line map-matching method is proposed based on floating car data(FCD). It introduces the information that road space- time accessibility and behavior pattern weight of vehicle on the tunnel section, which is based on fuzzy logic. What is more, the method analyzes the differences between behavior pattern of vehicle on the tunnel section and on the surrounding auxiliary road, and establishes a flow chart of matching framework for tunnel section. Finally, a calculation method of connection weight is given after the construction of a time series directed graph. Actual survey data from Guangzhou city is adopted to evaluate the performance of the method, and the experimental results show the matching accuracy is more than90%, which can be used for traffic information processing on the urban tunnel section.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Effects of Driver’s Reaction Time on Safe Driving
    LV Ji-er, ZHU Liu-hua, ZHENG Rong-sen, WEI Yan-fang
    2014, 14(2): 80-86. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5302KB) ( )  

    In highway traffic, drink driving, fatigue driving and improper driving directly lead to the drivers’slow reaction and easily cause major accidents. Effects of driver’s reaction time on safe driving are studied. Firstly, On the basis of NaSch model, a cellular automaton model that can simulate effects of driver’s reaction time on safe driving is proposed. Secondly, the curve between reaction time and traffic safety is obtained from numerical simulation. Results show that the driver’s reaction time is one of the most important factors affecting the traffic safety. Finally, a strategy of risk reduction is put forward. It is an important measure for safe driving to eradicate drink driving, fatigue driving and improper driving.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Homogeneous Bus Running Time Bands Analysis Based onK-means Algorithms
    SHEN Yin-dong,ZHANG Tong-hui,Xu Jia
    2014, 14(2): 87-93. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (7809KB) ( )  

    Bus running time normally varies significantly by different time period like peack and non-peak hours. Therefore, the running time should be measured for individual time period, which affects the on-time probability of schedules. Setting precise homogeneous running time (HRT) bands is essential for service reliability measurement and scheduling. In China, the HRT bands are manually set based on experiences, and the HRT bands generated lack accuracy. With GPS data, this paper uses theK-means clustering algorithm to divide HRT bands. Then, theK-means algorithm is improved and an enhanced HRT bands division method is developed. Several methods are also addressed: an enhanced cluster initialization method, a cluster center updating method based on triangle inequality, and fuzzy clustering method. The field study on Shiyan Bus and Haikou Bus demonstrates the feasibility of the clustering method.The generated HRT bands match well with real-world situations.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Optimal Scheduling of Aircraft Arrivals Based on Co-evolutionary Genetic Algorithm
    ZHANG Xie,ZHAO Yi-fei,LIU Hong-zhi
    2014, 14(2): 94-101. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (6672KB) ( )  

    Optimal scheduling of aircraft arrivals is a typical combinatorial optimization problem, which features complexity with multi- constraint. In order that the deficiencies can be overcome, which are multiconstraint, huge amount of computation and local optimum attraction, when the scheduling of aircraft arrivals is constituted with generic algorithms, a decision solutions population and a penalty factor population are constructed for the optimal scheduling problem, which is inspired by coevolution. The performance of the algorithm is improved by the competition and the coordination between the two populations. A coding strategy with constraints is designed, into which the safe separation constraint is coded, and the complexity of constraints is lowered with the coding strategy. Furthermore, an improved co- evolutionary genetic algorithm is proposed, and a simulation is conducted with the operational data from Beijing Capital International Airport. It is shown that the huge amount of constraints for the optimal scheduling can be tackled effectively with the approach proposed. When the optimal result corresponds to the result of original genetic algorithm, the time cost is reduced effectively and the difficulty is overcome, that the computation efficiency decreases sharply as the scale of the problem increases.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Arrival and Departing Aircraft-sequencing Optimization under the Special Circumstances
    WANG Li-li, GU Qiu-li
    2014, 14(2): 102-107. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4478KB) ( )  

    The problem of shortage of airspace resources and the flights’delay has become increasingly serious with the rapid development of civil aviation and growth of air traffic flow. According to the actual operation of the airport and the case that cargo flights can land or take off on a fixed runway only, this paper studies the optimization of sequencing and the assignment of runways for arrival and departing flights when air traffic congestion happens in an airport. A model of sequencing arrival and departing aircraft on parallel runways that includes cargo flights is set up. And then the genetic algorithm (GA) of dual codes is employed for the model to determine the sequencing strategy and assign the runway for each arrival or departing flight with a pair of chromosomes. The simulation demonstrates that the proposed model can verify the cargo flights land on the required runway, reduce flights’delays and increase air traffic flow more effectively compared with the result of first come first service(FCFS) sequencing algorithm.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Optimal Allocation of General Trainer Fleet
    2014, 14(2): 108-112. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (3764KB) ( )  

    In order to reduce the fleet operating costs in general aviation pilot training, the allocation of trainer fleet are analyzed, and a method is developed to calculate the operating cost of fleets. An optimal allocation model of general trainer fleet is established under the goal of reducing fleet operating costs to the lowest. Then the allocation of training mission is optimized using fleet planning theory and integer programming method, to reduce fleet operating costs. A3-type-trainer fleet is simulated and analyzed using the LINGO programming software. The results show that the optimized way of allocation reduces the number of trainers and the operating costs of the fleet, and that the technical performance and the operating costs of general trainers are major factors affecting the allocation of the fleet.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Urban Rail Transit Crew Scheduling Model and Algorithm Based on Punishment Costs
    ZHANG Zeng-yong, MAO Bao-hua, DU Peng, XU Qi, WU Ke-qi
    2014, 14(2): 113-120. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5449KB) ( )  

    Crew scheduling is one of the core issues of urban rail transit operations. This paper develops an optimization model of crew scheduling based on punishment costs, and proposes corresponding punishment cost calculation method. From the process of crew scheduling, it is found that the models include a crew operating segment generation model and a crew work shift generation model. The crew operating segment generation model is the lower model, and its results are the inputs of crew work shift generation model. Then, for the double-layer model, the paper formulates the improved Dijkstra algorithm and discrete particle swarm optimization. Finally, a subway line’s operational data are used to validate the model and algorithms. The results show that the average rest time is37minutes, the average working time is6hours41minutes, and the crew work shifts are uniformly distributed. All of these demonstrate the effectiveness of the models and its algorithms.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Traffic Impacts Analysis during the Subway Station Construction Based on the System Reliability
    WANG Dong-wei,YUAN Ju-liang,FANG Jia,YAN Ya-dan
    2014, 14(2): 121-126. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5937KB) ( )  

    Urban road network is a complex system. Subway station construction needs a long time, which has significant impacts on the urban traffic organization. On the basis of the two-phase and four-stage urban road network system reliability analysis, this paper clarifies the impacts on the road network system reliability during the subway station construction. An idea about how to quantitatively calculate the impacts is proposed. And Monte Carlo- based algorithms are constructed to study the system reliability and component probabilistic importance. The component probabilistic importance is used to imply probabilistic contribution of improving component (either roadway segment or intersection) reliability to that of system reliability, which can further suggest the bottlenecks in the road network during the subway station construction and provide references for traffic management and organization. Finally, some stations construction on the Zhengzhou No.2Subway Line is taken as example to testify the feasibility of the proposed method.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The Discrete Choice Model of Urban Rail Transit Passengers’Route Choice
    XIE Xiao-ling,ZHANG Xing-chen,CHEN Jun-hua,WANG Yong-liang,CHU Wen-jun
    2014, 14(2): 127-131. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4691KB) ( )  

    In order to facilitate the passenger assignment of urban rail transit network, a nonlinear discrete choice model, which is based on the discrete choice theory, is designed to formulate urban rail transit passengers’route choice behavior. In this study, the commuter flow and ordinary flow in urban rail transit are separately considered. On this basis, a SP survey is conducted in Beijing Subway, whose results are used to investigate the difference in preferences between different groups and calibrate model parameters. In order to ensure the accuracy of proposed model, the attributes of stations, trains and passengers are elaborated and a range of variables, such as waiting time, in-vehicle congestion degree and walking velocity, are included in the model. At last, an example urban rail transit line, in which trains in different speed are simultaneously operated, is used to validate the model and the result shows that most commuters have a long distance travel and do not mind the congestion, while ordinary passengers prefer local trains, for cozy trip and less interchange, which is consistent with the survey results.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Service Quality Evaluation Model for High-speed Railway Passenger Station Based on Rough Set
    XU Chun-jie, SHI Tian-yun, WANG Xiao-Dong
    2014, 14(2): 132-137. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4489KB) ( )  

    Considering the current service quality evaluation with subjectivity and data ambiguity in traditional railway passenger station, the two layered service evaluation index system is established. And it is based on the analysis of the service characteristics and influencing factors for high-speed railway passenger station. With the fuzzy evaluation method and rough set theory, the service quality evaluation model for highspeed railway passenger station is proposed also in this paper. It solves the correlation effect between the indexes by the method based weight determined route. And it avoids the blindness and subjectivity through the set theory and expert estimation combined. The proposed method realizes comprehensive evaluation to the qualitative and quantitative indicators using the customer survey data besides. Result shows that the method is feasible and accuracy to applied into the service improvement of high-speed railway passenger station.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    “Quays, Trailers and Yard”Two Way Operations Plan Coordinated Model
    QIAN Ji-feng,ZHU Xiao-ning,XIEXia
    2014, 14(2): 138-143. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4582KB) ( )  

    To improve the operational efficiency of container terminal and improve the satisfaction of customer, this paper investigates the handling coordination of quay cranes, trailers and gantry cranes in container terminal within the planning period scope, considering the loading and unloading sequence of quay cranes and gantry cranes in planning period and the demand of inland container business customers to submit containers. It establishes the cooperated plan optimization model to achieve the overall system optimization goals. Yard trailers are shared among different vessels, which helped to reduce empty truck trips in the terminal area. Because of the complexity of the model, the intelligent combination algorithm is designed to solve the model. The test results show that the model and the algorithm is feasible and effective than the single plan algorithm. The efficiency of quay cranes can be improved by28.2%, the efficiency of trailers can be improved by34.6%, and the efficiency of gantry cranes can be improved by15.9%. The model is able to produce practical schedule in container terminal.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Commuters’Trip-chain and Mode Choice Relationship
    WANG Xiao-kun,RAO Qiu-li,TANG Chun-yan,GE Ying-en
    2014, 14(2): 144-149. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4871KB) ( )  

    A stratified sampling survey is conducted to collect data in Central Business District of Dalian city to analyze the relationships between commuter’s trip- chain types and trip mode choices. With a cross analysis of this set of data, a simultaneous Logit model is used to examine the relationships. In investigating the relationships between trip- chain types and trip mode choices, the impact from monthly- income is also considered in this study. The results indicate that the relationships among collected data set are statistically significant. One crucial finding is that commuters’personal attributes and family attributes have prominent effects on trip mode choice, trip-chain type and their relationships. Due to the limitation of public transportation service level, the commuters who drive cars usually generate complex trip chains, especially those with high-incomes.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Analysis and Prediction of Operating Speed on Horizontal Curve Combined with Longitudinal Slope for Expressway
    MENG Xiang-hai, WANG Dan-dan, ZHANG Zhi-zhao
    2014, 14(2): 150-157. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5851KB) ( )  

    This paper analyzes the operating speed characteristics at horizontal curve combined with longitudinal slope and proposes prediction models for expressway, whose design speed is 100km/h. The observed speeds and the time headways are obtained, and the free flow condition is determined based on the relationship between them. Under the free flow condition, the operating speed is obtained and the relationship between operating speed and geometric alignments as radius of horizontal curve and longitudinal slope are analyzed. Lastly, the regression model, the BP neural network model and the fuzzy logic model are proposed to predict the operating speed, and the prediction accuracy is analyzed. The study results show that: When the time headway is greater than 6s, the traffic condition can be taken as free condition, which could be used to calculate operating speed; The operating speed of passenger cars are influenced significantly by radius of horizontal curve, whereas the operating speed of trucks are influenced by the gradient of upgrade; The proposed three operating speed prediction models have comparable predict capability.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Optimization Method of Passenger Flow Routing Problem
    HU Chun-ping, MAO Bao-hua, ZHU Yu-ting, GAN Tian-tian, ZHANG Zheng
    2014, 14(2): 158-161. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (3696KB) ( )  

    This paper focuses on different route choice behaviors and characteristics for two types of passengers:the familiar type and unfamiliar type. It develops an optimization model for passenger flow routing with consideration of specific attributes of hub network. This study adjusts distribution schemes of the channel, which has certain impacts on passenger’s route choice behaviors. It then minimizes the system cost from the perspective of hub manager. Considering the significant feature of the problem, this study also estimates the probability of each route selected by different types based on the Frank-Wolfe method and Logit model. Moreover, a genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. Finally, a simple case study illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Improved Multi-path Assignment Model Based on Prospect Theory
    PAN Xiao-feng,ZUO Zhi,ZHAO Sheng-chuan
    2014, 14(2): 162-167. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4506KB) ( )  

    Traditional multi- path assignment model only considers route travel time and seldom takes the impact of traffic policy into account.Besides,the impact of traveller’s subjective factors on route choice and Logit model’s property of Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives are also beyond consideration. Based on prospect theory and Probit model,this paper develops an improved multi-path assignment model trying to consider traveller’s bounded rationality under route choice making and to overcome the disadvantage of Logit model.A numerical example with congestion pricing policy is proposed to analyze the impact of parameter’s change of the model on route choice,and the approximately optimal pricing point is obtained under fixed parameter.The results show that the model can reflect assignment of traffic flows in the network and the impact of congestion pricing policy;the advantage of dominant path increases with the parameter θ growing;whenθequals1.5,the approximately optimal pricing point is1.19RMB.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Model and Algorithm of Mechanical Stereo Garage Planning in Central Business District
    CHEN Li,WANG Tong-zhou,SONG Jie-yan,WANG Na,DUAN Gang
    2014, 14(2): 168-175. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5400KB) ( )  

    The mechanical stereo garage is appropriate for popularization in the central business district, owing to its character of less space and higher capacity. The comprehensive optimization on the parking lot planning is proposed, whose objective is to maximize the profit in the planning horizon and subject to the constraints of investment budget, area available, park usage ratio, parking demand and charge, in order to make a decision of its location, scale and charge scenario. The genetic algorithm based on population diversity control is proposed to overcome the disadvantage of premature in simple genetic algorithm. Some infeasible solutions are kept in the computation and performed for genetic operators with feasible solutions. After certain iteration, some new individuals are produced to substitute for the existing ones whose evaluations are bad. All the above methods aim to approve population diversity. At last, an example is implemented to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the model and GA.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Multi-objective Vehicle Routing Problem with Hard Time Windows Based on Hybrid NSGA-Ⅱ
    WU Tian-yi,LIU Jian-yong,XU Ji-heng,WENG Jie,ZAN Liang
    2014, 14(2): 176-183. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (6029KB) ( )  

    In view of the multi-objective vehicle routing problem with hard time windows, this paper which includes the selection strategy of crossover, mutation and elite reserve designs the hybrid NSGA-Ⅱwith the purpose of short distribution time, small used vehicles and little distribution fee. Firstly, the time difference insertion algorithm is introduced to improve the initial population superiority. Secondly, the novel crossover operator and the novel crossover operation are proposed, in order to inherit the good genes from the parent population and accelerate the optimization speed. Then the sub-paths mutation is introduced to increase the population diversity. At last, the Pareto sorting is constructed based on the density to ensure the uniformity of the population distribution. The paper not only describes the algorithm’s detail steps, but also compares and analyzes the convergence algebra, the objective function and the simulation results through the experiment. The results show that the hybrid NSGA-Ⅱhas a faster convergence speed and a better convergence effect than the basic algorithm.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Logistics Supernetwork Optimization Model with Stochastic Supply and Demand Characteristics
    PENG Yong-tao, ZHANG Jin, WANG Kun
    2014, 14(2): 184-191. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (6329KB) ( )  

    For providing increasingly complex logistics demand with specific logistics services, the structure characteristic of logistics superntwork is analyzed. The stochastic characteristics of demand network, stochastically changed of supply capacities under different conditions of facilities, and damage of product by operating on the supply network is considered. Using the idea of matching supply and demand, the supply and demand characteristics of the supernetwork model is established with the commodity supply and demand as variables, while damage and supply capacity as constraint conditions. The model is converted into a variational inequality, and design a solving method based on the modified euler algorithm. Though the numerical example, logistics supply program is optimized according to logistics demand of the links in the demand network, then it should provide quality of service and reduce cost of operation, as well as the uncertainty of supply capacity and the damage directly influence degree of match between supply and demand network.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Quick Algorithm for the Three-dimensional Bin Packing Problem with Support Surface Constraints
    ZHANG Ying, LIU Er-chao, QI Ming-yao
    2014, 14(2): 192-198. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5084KB) ( )  

    Dealing with the three- dimensional bin packing problem (3D- BP), most of the existing algorithms ignore the support constraint. A loading space with support surface is presented to solve3D-BP with support constraint, and a method is proposed to decide whether or not the overlapping exists between two boxes and the algorithm to update the loading space. Computational efforts between different loading strategies and sorting methods are compared, according to whether goods can be rotated or not. The loading effect corresponding to different loading coefficient,0.6, 0.75, 0.9and1.0, respectively, are computed by the optimal strategy. Finally, the optimization result considering fragility is given. The experiment demonstrates that the loading space with support surface is superior to key point strategy, which has great significance for practical application and further research.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Characteristics of Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram for Beijing Urban Ring Freeways
    HE Zheng-bing,GUAN Wei,FAN Ling-ling,GUAN Ji-zhen
    2014, 14(2): 199-205. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (6513KB) ( )  

    A macroscopic fundamental diagram(MFD)gives an invariant functional relationship among macroscopic variables in a large urban area. Beijing as one of the largest cities in the world has a number of unique traffic features. A MFD is presented for Beijing urban ring freeways by using traffic detector data. It shows the characteristics of a MFD pertaining to Beijing urban ring freeways, and provides insight into traffic conditions in Beijing. A pattern that lower occupancy variance is associated with lower network flow is observed; it is different from present findings. The observation is investigated and is further attributed to outsync of5th ring and a radial spread of congestion in Beijing.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Parking Management and Technology Policy for City Commuter Travel
    ZHANG Xiu-yuan,Haghani 2, HUO Ying-qi
    2014, 14(2): 206-212. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (5745KB) ( )  

    The difficulties of commuter parking have become increasingly prominent during the morning and evening peaks in the downtown area. Regarding the persistence of the high density of motor vehicles in the central area, a more systematic guide is needed for a better vehicle travel choice. Based on Beijing’s public transport network in the central area and improvements on park and ride ability levels, as well as implementation of the progressive parking rate and research on residents' willingness to travel, this study proposes a bi- level programming model on parking fees and resident traffic travel mode selection under government guidance. Through numerical analysis, the model gives the central region and the peripheral regions urban commuter travel demand management techniques: on the basis of better public transport services, a moderate change on parking prices in different areas of the city. A summary of the effects of parking management technology policy measures regarding traffic congestion, which serves as a reference for further improvements on parking market operation and more reasonable fees.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Calculation Method for Traffic Capacity in the Midstreamdownstream of Yangtze River
    CHU Xiu-min ; LI Yi-cheng ; YU Yu-huan
    2014, 14(2): 213-219. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4881KB) ( )  

    In order to calculate waterway traffic capacity accurately and conveniently, the traffic capacity model is built based on the tested data of traffic flow. The traffic flow data including vessel speed, arrival time, vessel length, vessel clearance are collected in Wuhan, the midstream of Yangtze River, and Wuhu, the downstream of Yangtze River, using manual continuous acquisition method. Analysis of vessel speed, vessel clearance and vessel length distribution rule shows that vessel speed in Wuhu and Wuhan, vessel clearance in Wuhan obey the normal distribution, while vessel clearance in Wuhu obeys lognormal distribution. Combining with the existing information and fitting of the relationship between the tonnage and length, the results show that the vessel length is proportional to the quadratic of tonnage. Introduction of design-hour traffic volume and navigation days, the midstream-downstream of Yangtze River traffic capacity model is established and calculated. The results of simulation show that the newly calculated traffic capacity is smaller than the tradition one with an acceptable error. So the new formula can be used to calculate traffic capacity.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Non-Work Stop-Making Behavior of Commuters
    XIANYU Jian-chuan, JUAN Zhi-cai
    2014, 14(2): 220-225. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4891KB) ( )  

    Commuters often introduce non-work activities to the basic home-work-home trip chain because of the temporal-spatial constraints from work activity. This commute trip chaining behavior may explain the rise in non-work trips occurring in peak periods and is posited as one reason for increased congestion problem in peak periods. Therefore, this paper focuses on commuters’decision of non-work activity participation and timing. Taking non-work stop-making data as a censored sample, a Censored Probit model is established based on the data from a household travel survey of a municipal city. The results provide useful insights into the effects of individual/household socio- demographics, transportation measures, work schedule and mode choice on commuters’non-work stop making propensity in a highly urbanized environment. It also has important applications for predicting the changes in commuters’non-work stop-making behavior as a result of the changes in socio-demographics and transportation scenarios.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Analysis and Evaluation for Guiding Accessibility Considering Connection Signs
    LI Min, HUANG Min, NIU Zhong-ming, LI Er-da
    2014, 14(2): 226-231. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (4928KB) ( )  

    In order to better analyze and evaluate the guiding accessibility of guide sign system, and lay a foundation of deploying and optimizing guide signs. Firstly, the representation model for guiding information is discussed based on the road network topology. And the previous study on analysis and evaluation for guiding accessibility is applied to a certain area, and some improved methods are proposed from the current situation and management. Then, the analysis algorithm model for path-finding and guiding accessibility is constructed taking connection signs into consideration according to above-mentioned improved methods. At last, a case study is conducted: the analysis algorithm model is tested in Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, and evaluated the guiding accessibility of guide sign system. Application revealed that this analysis algorithm model fits better with the present status, and the algorithm model is feasible and effective.

    References | Related Articles | Metrics