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25 August 2017, Volume 17 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Theory, Method and Practice of External Economy Benefit of Traffic PENG Hong-qin，ZHANG Guo-wu 2017, 17(4): 1.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1176KB) ( )   Traffic network facilities are the main carrier of people flow, logistics, energy flow, capital flow and information flow in the social economic activities of human, and account the important foundation of the social economic development. The 47th conference of“Traffic and Transportation 7+1”sets its theme as “Theory, Method and Practice of External Economy Benefit of Traffic”. The strategy passage for high-speed railway is strategic demand of the Belt and Road, and it is advantageous to the resource safety guarantee of China, the development of global cooperation on production capacity, a new round of revitalization of Northeast China and transformation of resource- based city. The construction of high- speed railway can stimulate industrial economy development, its passage and hinge economy create conditions for integral development of high- speed railway and regional economy, territorial development. The development and perfection of the theory and method of external economy benefit of traffic can provide a scientific support for national policy, investment decision, planning decision, organization management and regulation. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Pricing Method for Ride-sharing Taxi Based on the Bankruptcy Model LU Yu-ting，LI Deng-feng，HU Xun-feng 2017, 17(4): 7-12.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1487KB) ( )   In order to relieve taxi-taking difficulty and reduce air pollution，taxi ride-sharing becomes more and more popular. So as to set price of a ride-sharing taxi more fairly，a loaded-run of a taxi is divided into several stages according to the number of passengers carried by the taxi. And then a bankruptcy model for every ride-sharing stage is established. After the analysis of the properties，which should be satisfied by the solutions of the bankruptcy model corresponding to this situation，the Talmud rule is used to solve the model. Thereby a pricing method for ride-sharing taxi is proposed. Exponential analysis shows that the fees determined by the proposed method are increasing with the number of ride-sharing passengers and with the distance of the ride- sharing，but with a slow increasing. Thus，the proposed method can increase the incentives of taxi drivers and passengers to participate in multi-person taxi ride-sharing and in long-run taxi ride-sharing. Research results can be taken as references for related managements to formulate policies about taxi ride-sharing. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chartered Pricing for Small-size Cargo Express Service in Long Distance Highway Passenger Transportation Station SUN Xi-an, CHENG Rui-li 2017, 17(4): 13-18.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1363KB) ( )   Due to the rapid development of online shopping, Chartered transportation demand is proposed by some shopping goods delivery business in small pieces of express of highway passenger transport. Investigation and research for a number of road long- distance bus terminal in Beijing and other areas, we found that long distance highway passenger transport station has been carried out in small-size cargo express business, there is no reasonable small cargo express chartered pricing method as a guide, but by experience pricing. From the existing literature, are specializing in freight enterprises as the background research. Firstly, this paper analyzes the parties involved in the express transportation business of small pieces of goods, from the perspective of the participants to sort out the flow of the game. On this basis, using Rubin Stein- Starr bargaining model method, construction the express small package chartered pricing model combined with the actual of small pieces of express, and a calculation example is analyzed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Housing and Travel Choice Behavior of Low and Middle Income Group CHEN Jian, LI He-ping,ZHONG Yi-ying,ZHAO Han-lin 2017, 17(4): 19-26.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1262KB) ( )   In order to promote the optimization of urban spatial structure and improve the traffic environment, there is a systematic review of housing and travel choice behavior of low and middle income group. Based on residential choice and satisfaction evaluation, travel choice behavior, and correlation between residence and travel behavior, the key scientific issues, the characteristic indexes, the model, and the existing problems, which are related to housing and travel choice behavior of low and middle income group, are analyzed and reviewed. The results show that there are still some research deficiencies, including lack of the study object for low and middle income group, separation of housing and travel, the independence of the macro spatial distribution model and the micro behavior analysis model, dominant position of external variables which can be observed directly, and inadequate consideration for the variables of residents' intrinsic subjective feeling. Finally, the future development trend of the integration of housing and travel choice behavior of low and middle income group is predicted. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Impact of Seaport Investment on Technical Efficiency of Regional Economic Growth LI Dian-sheng, DOGN Pei-gen,WANGWei 2017, 17(4): 27-32.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1392KB) ( )   As the important infrastructure investment, the construction of seaport plays a direct or indirect role in the development of regional economy. To explore the relationship between the scale of seaport construction and the efficiency of regional economic development, Stochastic Frontier Analysis is employed in this paper, in which the investment of seaport construction is set as the core variable of technical inefficiency item in the related model. The empirical results show that seaport investment has a positive effect on the improvement of technical efficiency in regional economy. Moreover, port construction in different periods and regions have different influences on technical efficiency of regional economy. It concludes that technical efficiency of regional economy and developmental difference of port groups should be taken into account in the process of port construction programming and policy-making. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatial Coupling Model between Accessibility and Poverty Intensity in Poverty Contiguous Destitute Areas JI Xiao-feng, LIWu, HAO Jing-jing 2017, 17(4): 33-39.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1589KB) ( )   In order to obtain the characteristics of spatial coupling between poverty intensity and integrated transport accessibility, based on spatial cross- sectional data, models are constructed to measure the multidimension poverty intensity based on factor analysis and entropy- weight, calculate the integrated transport accessibility, and evaluate the spatial coupling coordination degree. Finally, this paper takes the mountains border regions of western Yunnan as a case analyzed and verified. The results show that poverty intensity indicates from center to periphery diffusion model, in the overall space, presenting the special feature of the south higher than the north, the margin zone higher than the center area. Spatial differentiation of integrated transport accessibility is remarkable, and accessibility value is almost in "normal distribution" deflecting to left, forming the "Y- type" integrated traffic accessibility advantages in the main transport nodes. The polarization characteristic of level of coupling coordination is obvious between poverty intensity and integrated transport accessibility. The degree of spatial matching and the level of coupling coordination are higher in central area and marginal area. The coupling coordination level is generally low, and the degree of dispersion is relatively large in other country areas where the poverty alleviation effect of transportation infrastructure needs further elaboration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Integrated Scheduling of Handling Operations in Container Terminal under Rail-water Intermodal Transportation CHANG Yi-mei，ZHU Xiao-ning，YAN Bai-cheng，WANG Li 2017, 17(4): 40-47.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1466KB) ( )   Container terminal railway area is the main place to develop container rail-water transportation, and its efficiency can affect the efficiency of container rail-water transportation, so in order to improve the coordination of different types of equipment in the container terminal, an integrated scheduling model is developed, which integrated the scheduling of yard crane, inner truck and rail mounted gantry crane used for railway handling operation. This model considers not only loading and unloading simultaneously, but the gantry crane interference and safety margin as well as gantry crane and yard crane travel time. Moreover the buffer area and congestion between inner trucks are also considered. Then an improved multi-layer genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. At last, some numerical tests are done to show the model and algorithm feasible and effective, verify that consideration of congestion between inner trucks is of essence and give the best equipment proportions of 50 and 100 containers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review and Outlook of Modeling of Lane Changing Behavior LU Jian, LI Ying-shuai 2017, 17(4): 48-55.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1411KB) ( )   Lane- changing models are a vital component of various microscopic traffic simulation tools, which are extensively used and playing an increasingly important role in Intelligent Transportation Systems studies. The applications of lane- changing models in this paper can be broadly classified into two groups: adaptive cruise control and computer simulation. Authors reviewed the development of the two themes of computer simulation: modeling the lane changing decision- making process (LCD) and modeling the lane changing’s impact on surrounding vehicles (LCI). LCD categorized into six groups: rule- based model, discrete- choice- based model, artificial intelligence model, Markov process models, psychological models and hazard-based survival models; LCI categorized into kinematic wave hybrid model and cellular automata model. Then, various types of object of research, model structure, parameter calibration, and related application are elaborated. Finally, development trends and research directions of lane changing models are proposed. It can provide reference for lane changing modeling of considering traffic flow characteristics in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Coordinated Approach of Intersection-group Based on Virtual Signal Control CHENGWei, LI Zhuo, YUAN Man-rong, OU Si-jia 2017, 17(4): 56-62.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1689KB) ( )   In order to decrease the average delay time of roundabout, improve intersection-group efficiency, with roundaout being adopted as the research object, the concept of "virtual roundaout signal control" is introduced to separate roundabout traffic flow with a certain amount of time interval. Then, by appling algebraic method two-way green wave coordinate control scheme in the main path is proposed and establishing the intersection- group phase difference model based on coordinated for Bidirectional Green Wave. Finally, the roundaout between Zhujiangyuan Avenue and Jianning East Road in Qujing, Yunnan province is taken as an example. The results show that the number of main path vehicles that through the roundabout is increased from 66.36 to 88.69 pcu per hundred seconds; average parking time in the roundabout reduced by 10.9% falls to 0.57; average delay time also decreases 23.8% compared with the real situation; the establishing intersection- group phase difference model can well improve the delay of each intersection. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mixed Traffic Flow String Stability Analysis for Different CACC Penetration Ranges QIN Yan-yan，WANG Hao，WANGWei，WAN Qian 2017, 17(4): 63-69.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2023KB) ( )   The string stability of future traffic flow mixed with cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) and traditional vehicles will determine the improvement of CACC on traffic capacity and fuel consumptions. Therefore, this paper focuses on string stability of this mixed traffic flow for different CACC penetration ranges. Intelligent driver model (IDM) calibrated using trajectory data and CACC model validated using real vehicles by PATH laboratory of Berkeley are employed to be traditional vehicle car- following model and CACC car- following model respectively. Higher and lower equilibrium velocities are determined based on traditional vehicle stability under small perturbation and numerical simulations are designed considering the randomness of the relative quantity and positions of the two kinds of vehicles. Experimental results show that mixed traffic flow is stable under higher equilibrium velocities for different CACC penetration ranges. However, the mixed traffic flow is unstable under lower equilibrium velocities and lower CACC market penetration. CACC market penetration needs to reach at least 50% to guarantee that the mixed traffic flow can be stable under lower equilibrium velocities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Quantitative Model for the Validity of Guide Sign Information at Intersection SHAO Hai-peng，MUWei，YE Yi-xiang 2017, 17(4): 70-75.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1395KB) ( )   To accurately measure the validity guide sign information at intersection, combined with the theory of man-machine system, the information demand, cognitive behavior theory and psychological expectation of the drivers that on the comprehension and decision are comprehensively considered, and the major factors that affect the validity of information are analyzed. This paper selects satisfaction of information demand, information correlation, information amount, information understanding and driver’s psychological expectation as quantitative indicators of the guide sign information validity, then the quantitative model is established. Using the model for experimental analysis, the results show that the quantitative data can accurately represent the validity of guide sign information at intersection, and rationally reflect the major factors, thereby provide references for the more reasonably design of guide sign. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vehicle Tracking Method Using Feature Point Matching Combined With Bidirectional Optical Flow LU Sheng-nan, LI Xiao-he 2017, 17(4): 76-82.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2057KB) ( )   To handle the dynamic illumination changes, scale variation and partial occlusion in complex traffic scene, a stable and reliable vehicle tracking method based on feature point is proposed. With the characteristics of large interframe motion of moving vehicle, the pyramid model of KLT algorithm is constructed and the feature points with poor stability will be deleted according to forward and backward tracking offset. Meanwhile, SURF algorithm is used as a compensation mechanism for updating and adjusting the feature point sets. Then, according to the relative location and relative angle of feature points in the first frame, the scale and rotation variation of objects in the current frame is determined. Finally, the object region is determined in the current frame. The experimental results show that the proposed method effectively solves the problems of object deformation and partial occlusion, and it is robust to scale and rotation variation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A CA-based Simulation Model of Urban Railway Large Passenger Flow Congestion Transmission ZHANG Qi, XIAOWen-jin, PAN Gang 2017, 17(4): 83-89.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1672KB) ( )   With the development of rail transit network operation, passenger congestion becomes a normal state for urban rail transit in big cities. A CA-based simulation model of large passenger flow congestion transmission is proposed. Congestion transmission among stations and sections of large commuter passenger flow is investigated. The presented simulation model reflects interactions between different stations and interactions between stations and trains by local evolution rules, which overcomes the limitation of meanfield method. Load factor is defined as the measurement of congestion transmission intensity. Indicators covering network, line and station levels are established to quantitatively analyze rules of congestion transmission. The result shows the presented model is effective to analyze predictive large passenger flow, and to predict propagation rule of congestion, providing support for passenger flow control and evaluation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effects of Motion System of Driving Simulation on Stability of Car-following Behavior SHI Heng, TU Hui-zhao, GAO Kun 2017, 17(4): 90-96.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1735KB) ( )   In Car-Following(CF) process, the variations of following speed and space are the indicators of the stability of drivers CF behavior. A high fidelity driving simulator is utilized to conduct the analysis of the differences of stabilities of drivers CF behavior between static and dynamic simulator. The static and dynamic simulator is defined by turning on and off the motion system. Compared to static simulator, the results of dynamic simulator indicate that the stability of following speed and space increases 12.5% and 27.4% respectively in the acceleration stage. In the deceleration stage, the stability of following speed and space increases 27.4% and 22.9%, respectively. In the stable CF stage, in case of following speed with 10 km/h, 40 km/h and 80 km/h, stabilities of following speed increase 30.7%, 22.2% and 17.6% respectively, and stabilities of following space increase 23.6%, 37.9% and 17.0% respectively. The significant test indicates that, in the stable CF stage with the speed of 40 km/h, the stabilities of following speed and space have significant differences between static and dynamic simulator. In the acceleration CF stage, the stabilities of following space have significant differences between static and dynamic simulator. In the deceleration CF stage, the stabilities of following speed have significant differences between static and dynamic simulator. This study provides the evidence for choosing static or dynamic simulator of driving simulation experiments. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Simulation Model for Subsidies of Urban Rail Transit BOT Project WU Zhen-yao，SHUAI Bin，HU Peng 2017, 17(4): 97-104.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1399KB) ( )   In order to encourage private enterprises invest urban rail transit, government usually gives some subsidies for them, because of the high cost of construction and operation, while the price is low. The Monte Carlo simulation model for subsidies is built, through distinguishing the uncertain parameters and deterministic parameters, while investment conditions of private enterprises and government are considered. Finally, Beijing metro line 4 is taken as an example, the optimal subsidies of the BOT project is calculated, the influence of uncertain factors on both private enterprises and government is analyzed. The method can be applied to the compensation decision of the government department, and it can be applied to the construction of municipal infrastructure projects. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Coal Allocation with Dynamic Price ZHANG Zheng, WEIWei, SHI Rui-jia, XU Qi, MAO Bao-hua 2017, 17(4): 105-110.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1661KB) ( )   The coal pit price is affected by the relationship of supply and demand. By considering the pricing mechanism of coal pit price, this paper takes the volume of coal allocation from one place to another as the decision variables, and aims at minimizing the total cost of coal circulation. Two models are constructed to optimize the coal allocation, which are from the perspective of managers and consumers respectively. Genetic algorithm and Floyd algorithm are used to optimize the coal allocation in China. Some factors influencing coal allocation are analyzed, which are the price mechanism, and the ratio of available coal and consumption coal. The result shows that the generalized cost of coal allocation is lower by considering consumer competition. With the increase of the ratio of available coal and consumption coal, the cost of coal circulation in the dynamic price goes down faster than in fixed price. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimizing Adjustment of Urban Rail Transit Crew Rostering Plan Based on Predictable Events HUANG Zhi-yuan, ZHOU Feng, ZHANG Zai-long 2017, 17(4): 111-117.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1632KB) ( )   Crew rostering plan of urban rail transit is the daily crew task which each crew needs to complete within a certain stage. It is requested to fully consider the crew’s normal day off, rest at night and other factors. But there will still be temporary leave, temporary mobilization and other predictable events before the execution of one day’s crew rostering plan. Optimizing adjustment of the existing rostering plan is necessary at this moment. The main goal of adjustment under the condition of predictable events is the equilibrium of every crew’s tasks. And the less adjustment is the better. This paper establishes an optimizing adjustment model for urban rail transit crew rostering plan, with consideration of factors such as day off, workload, tasks connection. The objective function of this model is the minimum total cost of modified crew task sequences. And the heuristic algorithm based on greedy algorithm and tabu search algorithm is used to solve this problem. The numerical example shows that the algorithm achieves the equilibrium of the adjusted crew rostering plan to a certain extent, and achieves the aim of optimization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Real-time Train Rescheduling on High-speed Railway under Disruption Condition DENG Nian, PENG Qi-yuan, ZHAN Shu-guang 2017, 17(4): 118-123.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1512KB) ( )   Trains may deviate from their original timetable during daily operations due to disruptions. This requires dispatchers to adjust the timetable. This paper focuses on how to reschedule the timetable of trains that are confronted with a railway section that is blocked due to a disruption. A mixed- integer linear programming model is formulated to solve the timetable rescheduling problem. In this model, the number of canceled trains and the total weighted delay of the trains are minimized, while adhering to the capacities of the stations and segments. The impact of improving the final arrival punctuality rate of trains on the rescheduling results is analyzed. Finally, the model is tested on real-world instances of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway line. The results show that the rate of final arrival punctuality of trains can be improved by little increasing the total train delay. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive Optimization of Train Formation Plan and Wagon-flow Path Based on Fluctuating Wagon-flow YAN Yu-song, HU Zuo-an, LI Xiao-yin 2017, 17(4): 124-131.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1608KB) ( )   In daily railway transportation organization, there are numerous uncertain factors. So it is crucial to consider the impacts of these factors on the wagon flow organization. In the train formation plan optimization, the fluctuation of wagon-flow is taken into account, assuming that they are subject to certain probability distribution. According to the given confidence level and the theory of chance constrained programming, and considering such limitations as the station and line capacity constraints, taken the minimal sum of the total consumption of wagon rally, the adaptation of additional total consumption and the total consumption for walking as an optimized target to establish the comprehensive optimization model of the train formation plan and wagon- flow path based on the fluctuation wagon- flow and design the improved branch and bound method based on the stochastic simulation to solve the model. The research shows that under the condition of wagon-flow fluctuation, the robustness of the optimal scheme of train formation plan is strong. What’s more, the larger the stochastic simulation scale is, the better the stability of the optimal scheme is. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Network Representation and Sub-optimal Choice of Linkbased Dynamic Routing in Urban Network XU Guang-ning,WANG Yin-hai,ZENG Zi-qiang 2017, 17(4): 132-137.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1474KB) ( )   Establishing network representation is usually the first step of implementing a route planning system in urban street networks. Without losing computation efficiency, network representation should be able to reflect all the possible vehicle routing movements that are allowed in city intersections considering transportation safety and mobility. To fulfill the requirement, a full package of decision- point oriented network representation is proposed in this paper. Based on the data structure of the network representation, two extensions on the conventional Dijkstra shortest path finding algorithm, not by changing its global optimality but using sub- optimal thresholds, are also proposed to establish priority turning for arterial first and left-turn avoiding principles. In order to validate the network representation and the extended algorithms, a series of static route planning experiments are conducted using the simulation model of a real-world street network. Test results manifest that 11% of branches and 21% of left-turn choices are avoided simultaneously only at the cost of 0.5% of extra total travel cost. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tourists' Congestion Perception Analysis Based on Ordered Choice Model HAN Yan，WU Xin-sen，YANG Guang 2017, 17(4): 138-144.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1787KB) ( )   Based on the analysis of tourist congestion perception mechanism and influencing factors, stated preference convey is carried out to obtain tour route characteristic, congestion perception and tourists’ temporal and spatial distribution intention under different congestion condition. The effect of influent factors such as tourism information obtained from different tourism stages and tourist density to tourist congestion perception is qualitatively analyzed. Based on the ordered choice model, tourists’congestion perception model is established and the partial effects are analyzed. The results show that factors which is before-tour and on tour such as information query mode of tourist route, dissemination content of congestion information and duration time have significant influences on tourists’congestion perception. The probability of the tourists’congestion perception degree (D =2, 3) will add 0.3% and 1.1% when the value of duration time adds 1 min, while the probability of the tourists’congestion perception degree (D =4) will reduce 1.3%.The analysis can provide basic data support for reasonable tourism information dissemination and tourists’ temporal and spatial distribution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic Network Partitioning Method Based on Intersections with Different Degree of Saturation XU Jian-min,YAN Xiao-wen, JING Bin-bin,WANG Yu-jun 2017, 17(4): 145-152.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1663KB) ( )   A dynamic network partitioning method based on different levels of congestion is proposed regarding the intersections of the road network in different states, considering both traffic homogeneity and degree of association. Firstly, a dynamic network partitioning model between adjacent intersections is established taking into account of traffic degree of similarity and association. Secondly, a dynamic network partitioning algorithm integrating the spectral clustering theory is designed and the elements of the feature vector about similarity matrix are used to divide the road network dynamically based on different levels of intersections and road sections. Then several dynamic sub-zone division evaluation criterions are put forward to evaluate the results of the division. Finally, a test example is designed and the study results show that, compared with other classification method, dynamic partitioning method proposed in this paper can effectively ensure intersections with strong correlations always assigned to the same sub-region on the one hand and interior sections of the sub-region a more balanced distribution about the degree of congestion on the other hand. It greatly facilitates the implementation of the sub-region signal control scheme about different levels of congestion separately, which is of great significance to design and implement traffic signal control program. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Spatial Dissonance of Job-housing Location: A Perspective from Individuals’Attitudes and Preferences toward Commuting Time HE Ming-wei, ZHAO Sheng-chuan,HE Min 2017, 17(4): 153-158.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1287KB) ( )   A study on job-housing spatial dissonance can provide a better understanding of the attitudes and preferences of individuals toward job-housing separation and inform policymakers to formulate policies that take a more realistic account of commuters’needs and desires. In this study, job-housing spatial dissonance is measured by the mismatch level between ideal and actual commuting time. With Kunming in China as a case study, the descriptive statistics show that most commuters perceive their job- housing locations to be dissonant. In particular, 41.04% of commuters have suffered from severe spatial dissonance. Furthermore, the determinants of job-housing spatial dissonance are identified based on an ordered Logistic model. Results show that travel mode, housing location, age, education level, and presence of children have a significant impact on the job-housing spatial dissonance. At the same time, we find that longer commuting time does not always indicate greater job- housing spatial dissonance because the attitude and preference toward commuting time are heterogeneous at the individual level. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Urban Multi-modal Traffic Assignment Model and Algorithm under Transfer Constrain WANG Qin-zheng, SI Bing-feng 2017, 17(4): 159-165.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1629KB) ( )   On the basis of super network theory, a super network model of the urban multi-modal traffic system is established under the transferable condition, and the feasible hyper-path is defined considering the travel rules, behaviors and other factors of travelers. The super network link is divided into travel link, transfer link, boarding link and alighting link. Considering the factors of travel time, cost and degree of comfort, the generalized cost function and generalized hyper-path cost function are established for all links. Effective hyper- path is defined based on the path cost. On the basis of this, a stochastic equilibrium assignment model of urban multimodal traffic system as well as the search algorithms of effective hyper-path and the shortest feasible hyper- path is proposed under transfer conditions. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the proposed method. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Critical Road Links Identification in Emergency Rescue Based on GERT Network LI Yan-jin, LUO Xia, CHE Guo-peng, CAO Yi 2017, 17(4): 166-172.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1498KB) ( )   In order to timely indentify critical road link of urban network in emergencies to establish the shortest emergency rescue path. This paper designs a complete process. Firstly, considering poor information environment of road network under emergency conditions, a method of estimating travel time is presented based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Then, a GERT model is established based on generalized impedance in connection with emergency psychology and empirical selection behavior. Finally, Dijkstra algorithm is used to obtain rescue path and finish critical road links identification. The paper selects an actual traffic network of a region in Chengdu City to verify model and algorithm. The results show that: compared with traditional identify method, GERT network model can reflect the effect of travel time and road link congestion on path choice behavior better (fitting degree is 80.95% ), and makes road link importance identification concreted from network level to path level, which has well effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Emergency Rescue Path Selection Model under Uncertain Information DUAN Man-zhen, CHEN Guang, DONG Bo, LI Shan-shan 2017, 17(4): 173-181.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1383KB) ( )   Effective traffic evacuation strategies are critically important for reducing the post- earthquake loss. By defining the road network evacuation connectivity and safety driving path, the problem of emergency evacuation and path selection under the uncertainty information conditions are described. Taking refuge point distribution, path planning, vehicle capacity and uncertain traffic capacity as the constraints of the problem, a model of emergency rescue vehicle routing based on the evacuation of public transit is established. Taking into the limitations of the simulation, the model is transformed into the public transit equilibrium scheduling problem under the same departure interval when the algorithm designed. Based on the Tangshan road network and population distribution, the simplified model is simulated. The results show that selecting security rescue path under uncertain information, when the rescue vehicles block on the way, they only need to adjust the turning strategy, which can ensure the vehicles smoothly pass, and ensure the stability of the rescue and scheduling work. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vehicle Routing Optimization on Express Distribution MACun-rui, BAI Yun, ZHAO Xin-miao, ZENGWei 2017, 17(4): 182-187.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1211KB) ( )   Given the differences between express distribution and logistics distribution, this paper establishes a mathematical model in line with routing optimization problem of express distribution. In order to solve the model, a genetic algorithm is designed that uses natural number coding and the decoding style fully considering express number constraint, vehicle load constraint, and vehicle capacity constraint. By validating an express distribution case with 20 customer points, the results show that: the model established and the algorithm designed in the paper can obtain reasonable distribution paths and service time for each customer distribution point. Finally, the results of sensitivity analysis and four-wheeled van example show that: in current actual situation, courier’s maximum distribution time and express operated time each distribution point should be considered in studying on route optimization for express distribution; the existing vehicle load and capacity can meet requirement of express distribution in the current situation, and no need to replace distribution vehicle with a larger load and capacity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic Characteristics Model of Traffic Flow Based on Molecular Dynamics QU Da-yi, LI Juan, LIU Cong, LIU Dong-mei, JIAYan-feng 2017, 17(4): 188-194.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1350KB) ( )   Car- following behavior is influenced by leading vehicle and road environment. Vehicles are abstracted into molecules that interact with each other. The interaction potential function is constructed based on molecular dynamics and molecular car-following model is established based on the interaction potential function. The traffic flow samples of different points in the test section are collected to obtain the required data from the video. And the acceleration fluctuation characteristic is analyzed. The three types of vehicles running is introduced into normal driving state, accelerating state and decelerating state. And the measured data are classified based on this. The classified measured data are used to calibrate the parameters of model in different states. And the stability of the molecular car-following model is analyzed. The result shows that the stability of the molecular car-following model is better and the fitting degree of the actual traffic state is higher. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Passenger Liner Dynamic Fleet Planning Mathematical Model and Solving Method QI Jun,WANG Li-zheng, SU Shao-juan 2017, 17(4): 195-200.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1244KB) ( )   Through analyzing the characteristic of regular passenger liner shipping, multi-objective dynamic fleet Mathematical model is set up. This model can comprehensively reflect the ships update, idle and purchase problems under the circumstance of volume increase significantly or increase slowly. The model based on the definition of green technology, economy, environmental protection, the objective function is given. The mathematical model has the characteristics of large, discrete and integral. Computing speed increased as exponential function with the increase of the ships quantity and kinds. And "Dimension disaster" problem is generated. In this paper, the multi-objective discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is improved by using chaos initialization, dimensional renewal, files to update and gene exchange to make it suitable for large- scale dynamic fleet planning. Finally the feasibility of this method is verified through examples and getting the conclusion of fleet planning. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Noise Abatement of Continuous Climb Operation Based on BADA XU Yue-feng, HU Rong, ZHANG Jun-feng, ZHANG Fei-fei 2017, 17(4): 201-206.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1681KB) ( )   With the rapid development of China's civil aviation, noise pollution around the airport is growing. Low noise flight program is an advanced research hotspot because it is easier to develop and apply to practice. In this paper, the definition, characteristic and flight profile of CCO are summarized, and BADAbased trajectory prediction model and airport noise evaluation model are analyzed as well. The departure procedure in Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport is chosen to provide basic date to calculate noise level and draw the noise counters with help of MATLAB. The noise effects of traditional procedure and CCObased procedure are compared from noise area, noise influence time and noise region shape. Compared with traditional procedure, the CCO-based procedure can reduce the noise influence time, especially in the high noise level. At the same time, the CCO-based procedure can effectively reduce the noise area and affect the noise region shape. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Forecasting of Airport Network Traffic Congestion Propagation Based on Division of Airport Subareas LI Shan-mei, ZHAO Yuan-di 2017, 17(4): 207-213.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1577KB) ( )   In order to predict congestion of airport arrival and departure traffic, the airport network is studied. Definition and measurement of airport congestion is established firstly based on inflow and outflow rates, which describes the formation process of traffic congestion. Secondly, Multidimensional scaling theory is applied to study the relationship of airports and divide the whole airport network into airport subareas, in order to simplify the complexity of airport network analysis, and to reduce the dimension of solution space. Thirdly, the method of congestion propagation forecasting of airport subareas based on Elman neural network is introduced. In the last section, verification was performed using real flight data of US airports. The results indicate that the Mean Absolute Percentage Error and Mean Absolute Deviation small. The method is proved to be super to BP neural network. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of SCF Based on Operating Mode Distributions for Light-duty Vehicles LIU Ying, SONG Guo-Hua, HEWei-nan, CHENG Ying 2017, 17(4): 214-220.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1841KB) ( )   Developing speed correction factors (SCF) are important for the evaluation of the effect of speed variations on vehicle emissions. However, the existing methods is time consuming and costly, and the developed SCF are in low resolution. In order to develop the SCF in high resolution, this study develops a method for deriving SCF for Light-duty vehicles in Beijing based on vehicle trajectory data. Massive 60’s speed-specific trajectories is divided from the vehicle activity data and grouped into speed-specific trajectory pools, and each trajectory pool is defined by the average speed with an equal interval of 2 km/h. Then, the vehicle-specific power (VSP) distribution is established for different speed and road types. Further, based on the emission rates and VSP distributions, the SCF for the pollutants are derived for different road types and emission standards. The analysis result shows that, the proposed method can generate SCF in higher resolution compared with the traditional methods, and it can capture more accurate traffic characteristics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diesel Vehicle Emissions Inventory Based on Regional Difference GUO Dong,WANG Zhan-gu, SUN Yu-hang, SUN Feng, ZHAO Jin-bao, YANG Kun 2017, 17(4): 221-227.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1457KB) ( )   Diesel vehicle emissions are an important component of urban air pollution, combining with regional differences to establish diesel emissions inventory are important in the formulation of emission regulations. First, according to the intended use of diesel vehicles, we divide diesel vehicles into seven types. Then, we chose national emission standard III、IV and V to get basic vehicle emission factor. By analyzing different emission factors about diesel vehicles, which contains environmental parameters, speed distribution, load factor and deterioration factor, we finally get diesel comprehensive emission factor calculation model and city diesel emissions inventory calculation model. It is the two calculation models that let us finish the establishment of diesel emissions inventory for the city of Zibo, in China. The research shows that the methods for the establishment of diesel emissions inventory are suitable for environmental characteristics of different cities and diesel vehicle characteristics. It lays the foundation for the development of specific diesel vehicle emissions control policy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discount Card for the Passengers With High Travel Frequency TANG Lian-hua，LIU Jun，XU Xing-fang 2017, 17(4): 228-233.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1387KB) ( )   With a massive operation of high- speed railway and passenger dedicated lines, the capacity of railway passenger transportation has largely released, which not only provide a wealth of passenger transportation products, but also create the conditions for the railway to provide personalized and differentiated products. On the basis of drawing lessons from western developed countries’abundant railway ticket types, this paper attempts to study the design method of railway discount card(such as season tickets) for the passengers with a certain number of trips by the problem description, model building and solving. Example illustration is undertaken combined with three typical purchasing probability distributions and the discount card’s total price and the maximum travel times at different discount level are obtained. This research provides a reference for the design of the railway passenger products and preferential policies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Analysis of Diver’s Information Preference under Day-to-day Traffic Dynamics YIN Zi-kun，GUAN Hong-zhi，LI Tao 2017, 17(4): 234-240.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1849KB) ( )   The information preference of travelers under day- to- day route choice is dynamical, also, different travelers have different information preference on same traffic information. We set up day-to-day route choice experiment under different traffic information release method. The information preference factor is used to represent the weight of certain types of information in the formation of travel time forecasts under day- to- day route choice. We study the dynamics and distribution of travelers’information preference and then analyze the information preference changes under different traffic information release method. Dynamics of individual’information preference factor of perception time have three types: smooth- shock type, decline-shock type, ascend-shock type. The information preference factor of perception time increase at first and then gradually become relatively stable, but still fluctuating. The information preference factor of perception time obeys the normal distribution. Compared with condition only historical information provided, providing forecast information calculated by Exponential Smoothing at the same time can reduce information preference of perception time. References | Related Articles | Metrics