交通运输系统工程与信息

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2018, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 111-120.

• 系统工程理论与方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市快速路车速离散特征及其影响因素研究

刘莹莹 1，李健*2，陈小鸿 2   

  1. 1. 同济大学 建筑设计研究院(集团)有限公司 交通规划设计院，上海 200092； 2. 同济大学 交通运输工程学院 & 道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室，上海 201804
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-03 修回日期:2018-07-26 出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2018-10-26
  • 作者简介:刘莹莹(1992-)，女，河南郑州人，助理工程师.
  • 基金资助:

    上海浦江计划/Shanghai Pujiang Program(16PJ1409700).

Traffic Speed Dispersion on Urban Expressways：The Characteristics and its Influence Factors

LIU Ying-ying1, LI Jian2, CHEN Xiao-hong2   

  1. 1. Traffic Planning and Design Institute, Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd., Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Department of Traffic Engineering & Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
  • Received:2018-07-03 Revised:2018-07-26 Online:2018-10-25 Published:2018-10-26

PDF

摘要：

车速离散性是影响城市快速路运行效率与安全的重要特征指标.本文采用上海车牌识别系统采集的个体车速数据，使用车速方差作为特征指标，在随机基本图框架下对车速离散特征及其影响因素进行分析.通过比较发现，个体车速方差较集计车速方差数值偏大，整体稳定于5~15 km/h；随密度增大而小幅下降，可分为稳定型、递减型、抛物线型和集群型4类. 通过建立多元线性回归模型辨识了车速离散的主要影响因素，包括车道数和匝道类型等.本文拓展了交通流基本图理论，对提升城市快速路安全和效率有借鉴意义.

关键词: 交通工程, 车速离散, 随机基本图, 城市快速路, 交通安全

Abstract:

The characteristics of traffic speed dispersion is an important indicator for measuring the safety and efficiency of urban expressways. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and its influence factors of traffic speed dispersion on urban expressways in Shanghai, China. The individual vehicle speed data collected by Shanghai Vehicle License Plate Recognition System. The standard deviation of individual vehicle speeds is used as the measure of traffic speed dispersion, and analyzed in the theory framework of stochastic fundamental diagrams. The results show that the standard deviations of individual vehicle speeds are 5~15 km/h, which are larger than the values of aggregated vehicle speeds. The dispersions are trending downward slowly with the increase of traffic density, and can be grouped into four patterns according to the distribution of standard deviations scatters. In addition, multiple linear regression model is used to identify the influence factors of speed dispersions, e.g. “number of lanes”and“type of ramp”. The results may enrich the theory of fundamental diagram and might be considered for improving the safety and efficiency of urban expressways.

Key words: traffic engineering, traffic speed dispersion, stochastic fundamental diagrams, urban expressway, traffic safety

中图分类号: