面向自组织平衡的共享电动汽车调度优化方法

交通运输系统工程与信息 ›› 2020, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 135-141.

面向自组织平衡的共享电动汽车调度优化方法

姚恩建^{*a, b}，何媛媛^a，金方磊^a，卢天伟^a，潘龙^a

北京交通大学 a.交通运输学院；b.综合交通运输大数据应用技术交通运输行业重点实验室，北京 100044

收稿日期:2020-05-19 修回日期:2020-08-10 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-10-26
作者简介:姚恩建(1971-)，男，贵州遵义人，教授，博士.
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划/National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1601300).

A Self-organized Equilibrium-oriented Relocation Optimization Method for Electric Vehicle Sharing

YAO En-jian^{a, b}, HE Yuan-yuan^a, JIN Fang-lei^a, LU Tian-wei^a, PAN Long^a

a. School of Traffic and Transportation; b. Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

Received:2020-05-19 Revised:2020-08-10 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-10-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对共享电动汽车运营中出现的站点车辆供需不平衡及人工调度成本过高等问题，提出面向自组织平衡的共享电动汽车调度优化方法.利用共享电动汽车站点选择行为数据，构建用户取车站点选择MNL(Multinominal Logit)模型，分析用户的站点选择行为；构建面向各站点车辆供需自组织平衡的站点间车辆调度优化方法，即通过车辆动态折扣策略引导用户改变默认的最近取还车站点，在运营结束后以运营企业的调度总成本最小为目标，建立人工调度优化模型并应用禁忌搜索算法求解；最后，选取北京市海淀区部分共享电动汽车站点进行算例分析.结果表明：本文提出的优化方法与无动态折扣策略相比，调度总成本降低了 4.5%，人工调度成本降低了21.1%，人工调度任务数减少了8.3%.

关键词: 交通工程, 自组织平衡, 禁忌搜索, 共享电动汽车, 车辆调度优化, MNL模型

Abstract:

The Electric Vehicle(EV) sharing is facing the challenges of unbalanced vehicle distribution at different stations and the relocation operation cost is relatively high. This study proposes a self- organized equilibriumoriented relocation optimization method for the EV sharing. Using the sample data from questionnaire, the study develops a Multinominal Logit (MNL) model to describe users' choice of vehicle pickup stations and analyzes users' choice behaviors. The study then proposesa relocation optimization method which considers the selforganized supply and demand equilibrium for all operation stations. A dynamic discount strategy is included in the analysis to change users' most frequent choice that is using the nearest default stations. The goal of the vehicle relocation optimization model is minimizing the total relocation operation costs, and the tabu search algorithm is applied to solve the model. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified throughthe case study of EV sharing stations in Haidian District of Beijing. The results indicated that compared with the non-dynamic discount strategy, the total relocation cost generated by the proposed model reduced 4.5% , the relocation cost of the personnel reduced 21.1%, and the relocation tasks reduced by 8.3%.

Key words: traffic engineering, self- organized equilibrium, tabu search, electric vehicle sharing, vehicle relocation optimization, Multinominal Logit (MNL) model

中图分类号:

U492

姚恩建，何媛媛，金方磊，卢天伟，潘龙. 面向自组织平衡的共享电动汽车调度优化方法[J]. 交通运输系统工程与信息, 2020, 20(5): 135-141.

YAO En-jian, HE Yuan-yuan, JIN Fang-lei, LU Tian-wei, PAN Long. A Self-organized Equilibrium-oriented Relocation Optimization Method for Electric Vehicle Sharing[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2020, 20(5): 135-141.

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链接本文: http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/abstract/abstract20126.shtml

http://www.tseit.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V20/I5/135

参考文献

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